Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Half-title Page
• Series Page
• Title Page
• Contents
• Lists of Figures, Tables and Boxes
• Preface to the Fourth Edition
• Notes on Contributors
• 1 Introduction
  • What is politics? What is it that political scientists study?
  • What is a scientific approach to politics?
  • The discipline of political science: a celebration of diversity?
• PART 1 Theory and Approaches
  • Introduction to Part 1
  • 2 Behavioural Analysis
    • The rise of the behavioural movement and its core characteristics
    • Criticisms of the behavioural approach
      • Objections to the positivist claim that statements which are neither definitions (useful tautologies) nor empirical are meaningless
      • The tendency towards mindless empiricism
      • The assumed independence of theory and observation
    • The strengths of the behavioural approach: an example
    • Conclusion: the behavioural legacy in the twenty- first century
    • Further reading
  • 3 Rational Choice
    • Introduction
    • The methods of economics (and rational choice)
    • The logic of collective action
    • Collective action and the environment
    • What’s wrong with rational choice theory?
    • From imperialism to peaceful co-existence
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 4 Institutionalism
    • The ‘traditional’ institutional approach
    • The emergence of the ‘new institutionalism’
    • The ‘three new institutionalisms’
    • Core features of new institutionalism
      • Institutions as rules not organisations
      • Institutions as informal as well as formal
      • Institutions as dynamic as well as stabilising
      • Institutions as embodying values and power
      • Institutions as contextually embedded
    • New institutionalist dilemmas
      • What is an institution anyway?
      • Where do institutions come from, and how do they change?
      • Are the normative and rational choice approaches compatible?
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 5 Constructivism and Interpretive Theory
    • Origins of constructivism
    • What is and isn’t distinctive about constructivism?
    • Variations within constructivism
      • Epistemological variations
      • Different mechanisms and different social constructs
      • Different methods
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 6 Feminist and Gendered Approaches
    • What is feminism?
    • Political science: gendered foundations
    • Women in political science
    • Gender and political science
      • Political representation
      • Feminising political parties
      • Gendering the state and state feminism
    • Dilemmas and challenges
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 7 Marxism: A Global Perspective
    • Marxism and capitalism: structuralist economism or agency-led contingency?
      • Marxist economism and base and superstructure
      • Marx and capitalism
      • Marxism, capitalism and nationalism
    • Marxism and globalisation: economistic unilinearity or contingent uneven development?
      • Marxist economism and capitalist diffusion
      • Marx and the unequal international order
      • Marxism, imperialism and uneven development as dependency
      • Marxism and hegemony: the significance of Gramsci
    • Debating globalisation in the twenty-first century
      • Contemporary globalisation defined
      • The continued relevance of Marxist ideas I: globalisation as uneven and combined development
      • The continued relevance of Marxist ideas II: hegemony and the international order
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 8 Poststructuralism
    • French structuralism
    • From structuralism to poststructuralism
    • Poststructuralism in politics and international relations
    • The ontological and epistemological assumptions of poststructuralism
    • Criticism and evaluation
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 9 Political Psychology
    • An interdisciplinary enterprise
    • Political conflict and contention
    • Political leadership and followership
      • Who leads matters
      • How groups create leaders, and leaders gain followers
    • Political beliefs and voter attitudes
      • Perceiving the political world
      • Causes and consequences of political attitudes
      • Radicalisation and extremism: pathology or politics?
    • Understanding political decision-making
      • From homo economicus to homo psychologicus
      • Groups as asset or problem in policy decision-making?
    • Methods and prospects of the field
    • Further reading
  • 10 Normative Political Theory
    • Introduction
    • Methods in normative political theory
      • Rawls on reflective equilibrium
      • Cohen on facts and values
    • Normative theory and global justice
    • Political ideals and feasibility
    • Further reading
• PART 2 METHODS AND RESEARCH DESIGN
  • Introduction to Part 2
  • 11 A Skin Not a Sweater : Ontology and Epistemology in Political Science
    • Ontology and epistemology introduced
      • The meaning of ontology and epistemology (and methodology)
      • The relationship between ontology and epistemology
    • Distinguishing ontological and epistemological positions
      • Distinguishing broad ontological positions
      • Distinguishing broad epistemological positions
    • Interrogating different approaches to ontology and epistemology
      • Positivism
      • Interpretivism
      • Critical realism
    • Ontology and epistemology in empirical research
      • Empirical research on deliberative democracy – positivism versus interpretivism
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 12 Meta-Theoretical Issues
    • Conceptualising structure, agency and the ideational realm
      • Structure
      • Agency
      • The ideational realm
    • Dialectical approaches to the relationships between structure and agency and the material and the ideational
      • Structure and agency: the dialectical approaches
      • Structuration theory
      • The Morphogenetic approach
      • The strategic-relational approach
      • Bourdieu and habitus
    • The material and the ideational: thin and thick constructivism
    • Stability and change
      • Hay: a linear conception of time
      • Tonkiss: a non-linear conception of time
      • A flexi-time model: a circadian conception of time
      • More on punctuated evolution
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 13 Research Design
    • What is research design?
    • The research process
    • The elements of research design
      • Research questions and research goals
      • Theory and empirical research
      • Conceptualisation and operationalisation
    • Types of research methodologies
    • Case and variable selection for different types of research
      • Experimental research
      • Large-N observational research
      • Comparative research
      • Single-case studies and within-case analysis
    • Conclusion: the power and promise of research design
    • Further reading
  • 14 Qualitative Methods
    • Debates on qualitative methods: the rediscovery of qualitative analysis
    • What is distinctive about qualitative methods and analysis?
    • Qualitative research techniques
      • Primary research: interviews, group discussion and ethnography
      • Secondary research: using text/document-based techniques
    • Conclusion: the use and future use of qualitative methods in political science
    • Further reading
  • 15 Quantitative Methods
    • The collection and management of data
    • The power of description
    • Tables and inferential statistics
    • Multivariate analysis
    • Testing and reporting models
    • Recent developments
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
  • 16 The Comparative Method
    • Introduction
    • Comparative politics and comparative method – politics beyond the armchair?
    • Comparative method and the scientific method – why small-N research strategies?
    • Mill’s methods of experimental inquiry and their influence on comparative political science
      • Method of agreement
      • Method of difference
      • Joint method
      • Most different and most similar strategies
    • The changing nature of comparative research strategies – qualitative comparative analysis
    • Case studies, within-case comparison and process-tracing
      • Case selection
      • Within-case analysis
    • Conclusion: evolving comparison in response to challenges
    • Further reading
  • 17 The Experimental Method
    • What is the experimental method?
    • The rise of experimentation
    • Learning from laboratory experiments
    • Learning from field experiments
    • Learning from internet-based experiments
    • Learning from natural experiments
    • Pitfalls in the experimental method
      • Ethical challenges
      • Practical problems
    • Conclusion
    • Further reading
    • Acknowledgements
  • 18 Big Data: Methods for Collection and Analysis
    • Introduction
    • Defining big data
    • Big data and data collection
    • Data formats
      • Extensible markup language (XML)
    • Application programming interfaces (APIs)
      • Web crawling
      • Web scraping
    • Big data and data analysis
      • Combining heterogeneous kinds of data
    • Limitations to big data
    • Conclusion: big data and the future of social science
    • Further reading
  • 19 The Relevance of Political Science
    • Position 1: political science should do good science and if the science is good it will be relevant
    • Position 2: political science should be better at communicating its results; if it were it would be more relevant
    • Position 3: political science should be prepared to have its agenda set by problem-solving or puzzle-solving concerns that matter to policymakers and citizens; if it did it would be more relevant
    • Position 4: political science should be prepared to develop a capacity not just for analysing problems but also for developing solutions; that move would enhance its capacity for relevance
    • Position 5: political science needs to develop a more engaged co-production approach to research, working alongside actors outside academia to address their concerns and so advance the relevance of research
    • Position 6: political science needs to embrace a wider role in creating a civic culture essential to democracy; if it does that it will be relevant
    • Where next for relevance?
• Bibliography
• Index
• Copyright

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