Efnisyfirlit

• Cover Page
• Half Title page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• Acknowledgements
• List of abbreviations
• List of figures, tables and boxes
• Table of statutes
• Notes on Contributors
• 1 Introduction: understanding policing
  • Image and reality
  • Studying policing
  • The volume
  • Note
  • References
• Part I Policing in Comparative and Historical Perspective
  • 2 Models of policing
    • Introduction
    • England and Wales
    • Continental Europe
    • Colonial societies
    • Communist societies
    • Central/eastern Europe
    • North America
    • The Far East
    • Explaining the differences
    • Discussion
    • Note
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 3 Policing before the police
    • Communal policing
    • The rise of the official: the constable
    • Public and private police in the eighteenth century
    • The practice of policing: maintaining order
    • The practice of policing: crime control
    • The history of police and policing
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 4 The birth and development of the police
    • Introduction
    • Origins and early years
    • Consolidation
    • New challenges and standardisation
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 5 Policing since 1945
    • Introduction
    • The role and image of the police
    • From Scarman to Stephen Lawrence
    • Centralisation and control
    • Policing and the police
    • Conclusion
    • Note
    • Selected further reading
    • References
• Part II The Context of Policing
  • 6 The pattern of transnational policing
    • Introduction
    • The conditions of possibility of transnational policing
    • The growth of transnational policing
      • Origins and consolidation
      • The European Union
    • Explaining recent patterns
    • Current trends and future prospects
      • Transnational private policing
      • The European Union
      • The USA
      • Future prospects
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 7 Plural policing in the UK: policing beyond the police
    • Introduction
    • What is policing?
    • The context of contemporary policing
    • The civilianisation and fragmentation of the public police
    • Community support officers
    • Specialist policing bodies and regulatory authorities
    • Municipal policing
      • Public auxiliaries and wardens
      • Local authority patrols
      • Community safety, anti-social behaviour and policing through social policy
      • Policing through social housing
    • Civilian policing
    • Embedded policing
    • Commercial policing
      • Regulating commercial security
    • The growing market for policing
      • Mass private property
      • Private residential estates
      • Urban fortunes
      • The expansion of the night-time economy
      • The policing of the internet
    • The relationship between the police and other policing organisations
      • An integrationist or monopolistic model
      • A steering model
      • A network model
      • A market model
      • A private government model
    • Conclusions
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 8 Policing in Scotland
    • The contexts of Scottish policing
      • Historical context
      • Legal context
      • Constitutional context
    • Organisation and structure
      • Central police services
      • The debate on structures
    • Approaches to policing in Scotland
      • Community policing
      • Strategic approaches to policing communities
    • Governance and accountability
      • The ‘new' accountabilities
      • Police complaints
    • Conclusions
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 9 The police service of Northern Ireland
    • Introduction
    • Historical context of policing in Northern Ireland
    • The Patten Report and police reform
    • The new landscape of policing in Northern Ireland
      • Oversight and the institutional environment of policing
      • The PSNI and operational policing
    • Conclusion
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 10 The police organisation
    • Introduction
    • The police of England and Wales
    • The structure of police organisations
    • Ranks, recruitment and career development
    • Workforce modernisation
    • Mapping policing tasks
    • Management, control and oversight
      • Policing stakeholders
    • The development of national policing structures
    • Conclusion
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 11 Police cultures
    • Introduction
    • Why police cultures?
    • Problems of definition
    • History of police cultural studies
    • Michael Banton
    • Jerome Skolnick
    • Maureen Cain
    • John Van Maanen
    • Across the departmental ‘cultures'
    • Racist cultures
    • Sexist cultures
    • Cultures, corruption and change
    • Challenges to police cultural conceptions
    • Status cultures
    • Management cultures
    • Conclusions
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 12 Police powers
    • Introduction
    • ‘Modelling' police powers
    • Police decisions ‘on the street'
      • ‘Reasonable suspicion' and discretion
      • Patterns of bias and police working rules
      • Police powers on the street: inclusionary or exclusionary?
    • Detention and questioning
      • Grounds for detention, time limits and police bail
      • Access to legal advice
      • Police interrogation
      • How well regulated are police powers of detention and questioning?
    • Other evidence-gathering powers
    • Prosecution
    • The misuse of police powers
    • Conclusion
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 13 Policing and the media
    • Introduction: the Odd Couple – the media and policing
    • The debate about the media and social order
    • Constructing police fetishism: images of policing and the media before the Second World War
    • A darker shade of blue: police and the media since the Second World War
    • Conclusion: the Teflon service and the reproduction of police fetishism
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
• Part III Doing Policing
  • 14 Crime reduction and community safety
    • Introduction
    • Crime reduction and community safety: Tweedledum and Tweedledee?
    • Crime reduction within the police service: aspirations and achievements
      • The coming of partnership?
      • Central government shaping of the crime reduction landscape
    • Love and loathing in the age of partnerships
      • How does one think about crime reduction?
    • What works?
    • Where to concentrate crime reduction effort: hotspots and repeat victimisation
      • What to do
    • Making a difference: police colleagues
    • Policing style
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 15 Modern approaches to policing: community, problem-oriented and intelligence-led
    • Introduction: new models for policing
    • The three models outlined
      • Community policing
      • Problem-oriented policing
      • Intelligence-led policing
    • The relationships between the models
    • The models in practice
      • Problem-oriented policing
      • Community policing
      • Intelligence-led policing
    • Conclusion: prospects for the three models
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 16 ‘Interpretation for action?': definitions and potential of crime analysis for policing
    • Introduction
    • Analysing analysis: process, product and person
    • Developments in policing and the demand for analysis
      • Management demand
      • Operational demand
    • Getting the job done: the types, techniques and theories of crime analysis
    • The strengths and weaknesses of analytical techniques
    • Offender profiling
      • Approaches to offender profiling
      • Critiques of offender profiling
    • Theory for practice: developing explanation in volume crime analysis
      • Reason, rationality and routine: theory for crime analysis
      • ‘Opportunity blocked': analysis, action and results
    • Conclusion
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 17 Criminal investigation and crime control
    • Introduction
    • Historical and theoretical perspectives
      • The CID and the birth of ‘modern' investigative practice
      • Key roles of criminal investigation
      • Myths and misunderstandings: the ghost of Sherlock Holmes
    • Challenging the myths: ‘suspect centred' investigation and ‘case construction'
      • Taking account of variety
      • The ‘reactive-proactive' distinction
      • Knowledge' and ‘Evidence'
    • Twentieth-century investigative practice: key features and inherent risks
      • The three main organisational structures
      • ‘Generalist' CID offices
      • Specialist squads
      • Major inquiry teams
      • Risks, failures and a crisis in legitimacy
    • Responses to the crisis: glimpses of a radically different future?
      • Responses to concerns about integrity
      • Efforts to improve effectiveness
      • Improvements to major inquiries
      • Signs of more fundamental change: NIM, partnership and beyond
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 18 Police use of force, firearms and riot-control
    • Monopolists of force?
    • A history of ‘unarmed policing'
      • Firearms and policing
      • Policing riots
      • Legitimacy and law
    • Contemporary developments
      • Routine use of force
    • Riot-control
    • Police use of firearms
    • Policing terrorism
    • Low-lethality and the search for a magic bullet
    • Abuse of force and accountability
    • Conclusions
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 19 Drugs policing
    • Introduction
    • Early history
    • Organisation and specialisation
      • Financial detection
    • Transnationalisation of drugs policing
    • From the global back to the local
    • National and local drugs policing
      • ‘Counting' drug enforcement
      • Low-level drug enforcement
      • Rule-bending and other forms of police misconduct
    • Conclusion
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 20 Policing fraud and organised crime
    • Introduction
    • The harm of fraud and organised crime
    • The organisation of organised crime policing
    • The control of organised crime internationally
    • Responses to fraud
      • Police policy and fraud in the UK
      • New public management and fraud policing
      • Developing fraud investigations
      • Mutual co-operation between police fraud squads
    • Prosecution and its relationship to policing fraud
    • The future of fraud investigation
    • Regulation and the control of fraud
    • Regulation and the prevention of organised crime
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 21 Policing terror
    • Secrets and research
    • Outline
    • Conceptualising terrorism
      • The process of terrorism
      • Operational constructions of terrorism
    • The organisation of counter-terrorism policing
      • A short history of UK counter-terrorism policing
    • Doing counter-terrorism
      • Preventing terrorism: prospective offender searches
      • Visions of al-Qaeda
    • Intelligence
      • Collection
      • Transmission
      • Application
    • Governance and legitimacy
      • Hearts and minds
      • Logics of governance
    • Conclusion
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 22 Policing cybercrime: emerging trends and future challenges
    • Introduction
    • ‘Official' responses to the challenge of cybercrime
    • Policing cybercrime
    • What is cybercrime?
      • Pornography
      • Hate crime
      • Electronic theft and intellectual property rights
      • Invasion of privacy and theft of identity
    • Information security, personal security and cyber-trespass
      • Industrial espionage and workplace sabotage
    • Specialist units for policing cybercrime
    • Problems with policing cyberspace
      • The volume and scope of cybercrime and the problem of jurisdiction
      • Under-reporting of cybercrime
      • Police culture
      • Limited resources
      • The challenge of Operation Ore
    • Policing cybercrime: emerging trends and challenges for the future
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
• Part IV Themes and Debates in Policing
  • 23 Policing minority ethnic communities
    • Introduction
    • Discrimination in policing: police culture and its context
    • Police targeting: the criminalisation of minority ethnic communities
    • ‘Race', riots and the police: public order policing in minority ethnic communities
    • Excessive force: police violence and deaths in custody
    • Proactive policing: the use of stop and search powers
      • Disproportionality in the use of stop and search
      • Explaining disproportionality
    • Arrest and the decision to charge
    • Attitudes towards the police
    • Contacting the police
      • The police response to racist violence
    • A multi-ethnic force? Black and Asian officers in the British police
      • Experiences in the job
      • Retention
      • Promotion
      • Meeting recruitment targets
      • Linking equal opportunities with equality of service
    • Discrimination and police governance
      • Complaints procedures
      • Redress through civil litigation
    • The Lawrence Inquiry and beyond: reflecting on the new agenda
    • Conclusion
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
      • References
  • 24 Gender and policing
    • Women in policing and policing of and for women
    • Integration and afterwards
    • Models of equality
    • Coming to terms with police culture
    • Careers
    • New agendas
    • Policing women and policing for women
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 25 Policing and ethics
    • Introduction
    • A brief history of police ethics
      • Police professionalism
      • Police discretion
      • Covert policing
      • Police corruption
    • The principles of policing
    • The police as professionals
    • Performance ethics
    • Public participation in policing
    • The police in action
    • Towards ethical policing
    • Note
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 26 The accountability of policing
    • Introduction
    • Accountability and democratic policing
    • Organisational accountability: police governance in England and Wales
      • The legislative framework
      • Trends in the framework of police governance
    • Pluralisation
    • Individual forms of accountability: complaints mechanisms and legal redress
      • Complaints against the police
      • Legal regulation of policing
    • The democratic framework of police governance
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 27 Leadership and performance management
    • Introduction
    • Police leadership
      • Definitional and conceptual issues
      • Crises of leadership
      • Models and leadership styles – the pursuit of transformational leadership
      • Leadership and performance management – a contradiction in terms?
    • Performance management
      • The governance of performance management
    • The challenge of police leadership within a performance culture
      • Performance management, leadership and discretion
      • Developing leaders within a performance regime
    • Conclusion
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 28 Policing and forensic science
    • Introduction
    • Forensic science, crime scene examination and criminal investigation
    • The dynamics of crime scene examination
    • Police perceptions of forensic science
    • Using forensic science: building the foundations of evidence-based practice
    • Forensic science and intelligence led policing
    • An international dimension
    • Conclusion
    • Notes
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 29 Restorative justice, victims and the police
    • Introduction
      • Defining the concept of restorative justice
      • Non-crime dispute resolution: towards restorative policing?
      • The dangers of restorative policing
      • Restorative justice in 2008: still some talk but much less action
      • Conclusion: envisaging a new approach for restorative justice
    • Notes
    • Acknowledgements
    • Selected further reading
    • References
  • 30 The future of policing
    • Changing social context of policing
    • The further pluralisation of policing?
    • Increasing responsibilisation and citizen involvement
    • Pressures toward centralisation and regionalisation
    • Transnationalisation and democratic governance
    • Localisation and managerialism
    • Policing and diversity
    • Techniques and technology?
    • Terror and security
    • Policing futures
    • Note
    • References
• Glossary
• Index

UM RAFBÆKUR Á HEIMKAUP.IS

Bókahillan þín er þitt svæði og þar eru bækurnar þínar geymdar. Þú kemst í bókahilluna þína hvar og hvenær sem er í tölvu eða snjalltæki. Einfalt og þægilegt!

Rafbók til eignar
Rafbók til eignar þarf að hlaða niður á þau tæki sem þú vilt nota innan eins árs frá því bókin er keypt.

Þú kemst í bækurnar hvar sem er
Þú getur nálgast allar raf(skóla)bækurnar þínar á einu augabragði, hvar og hvenær sem er í bókahillunni þinni. Engin taska, enginn kyndill og ekkert vesen (hvað þá yfirvigt).

Auðvelt að fletta og leita
Þú getur flakkað milli síðna og kafla eins og þér hentar best og farið beint í ákveðna kafla úr efnisyfirlitinu. Í leitinni finnur þú orð, kafla eða síður í einum smelli.

Glósur og yfirstrikanir
Þú getur auðkennt textabrot með mismunandi litum og skrifað glósur að vild í rafbókina. Þú getur jafnvel séð glósur og yfirstrikanir hjá bekkjarsystkinum og kennara ef þeir leyfa það. Allt á einum stað.

Hvað viltu sjá? / Þú ræður hvernig síðan lítur út
Þú lagar síðuna að þínum þörfum. Stækkaðu eða minnkaðu myndir og texta með multi-level zoom til að sjá síðuna eins og þér hentar best í þínu námi.



Fleiri góðir kostir
- Þú getur prentað síður úr bókinni (innan þeirra marka sem útgefandinn setur)
- Möguleiki á tengingu við annað stafrænt og gagnvirkt efni, svo sem myndbönd eða spurningar úr efninu
- Auðvelt að afrita og líma efni/texta fyrir t.d. heimaverkefni eða ritgerðir
- Styður tækni sem hjálpar nemendum með sjón- eða heyrnarskerðingu