Efnisyfirlit

• PhET Simulations
• About the Authors
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Brief Contents
• Bringing the Best of Physics Education Research to a Trusted and Classic Text
• New and Enhanced Features
• Personalize Learning with Mastering Physics before, During, and after Class
• Real-World Applications
• To the Student
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Reviewers and Classroom Testers
• Contents
• 0. Mathematics Review
  • 0.1. Exponents
  • 0.2. Scientific Notation and Powers of 10
  • 0.3. Algebra
  • 0.4. Direct, Inverse, and Inverse-Square Relationships
  • 0.5. Data-Driven Problems
  • 0.6. Logarithmic and Exponential Functions
  • 0.7. Areas and Volumes
  • 0.8. Plane Geometry and Trigonometry
• 1. Models, Measurements, and Vectors
  • 1.1. Introduction
  • 1.2. Idealized Models
  • 1.3. Standards and Units
  • 1.4. Dimensional Consistency and Unit Conversions
  • 1.5. Precision and Significant Figures
  • 1.6. Estimates and Orders of Magnitude
  • 1.7. Vectors and Vector Addition
  • 1.8. Components of Vectors
• 2. Motion Along a Straight Line
  • 2.1. Displacement and Average Velocity
  • 2.2. Instantaneous Velocity
  • 2.3. Average and Instantaneous Acceleration
  • 2.4. Motion with Constant Acceleration
  • 2.5. Proportional Reasoning
  • 2.6. Freely Falling Objects
  • 2.7. Relative Velocity Along a Straight Line
• 3. Motion in a Plane
  • 3.1. Velocity in a Plane
  • 3.2. Acceleration in a Plane
  • 3.3. Projectile Motion
  • 3.4. Uniform Circular Motion
  • 3.5. Relative Velocity in a Plane
• 4. Newton’s Laws of Motion
  • 4.1. Force
  • 4.2. Newton’s First Law
  • 4.3. Mass and Newton’s Second Law
  • 4.4. Mass and Weight
  • 4.5. Newton’s Third Law
  • 4.6. Free-Body Diagrams
• 5. Applications of Newton’s Laws
  • 5.1. Equilibrium of a Particle
  • 5.2. Applications of Newton’s Second Law
  • 5.3. Contact Forces and Friction
  • 5.4. Elastic Forces
  • 5.5. Forces in Nature
• 6. Circular Motion and Gravitation
  • 6.1. Force in Circular Motion
  • 6.2. Motion in a Vertical Circle
  • 6.3. Newton’s Law of Gravitation
  • 6.4. Weight
  • 6.5. Satellite Motion
• 7. Work and Energy
  • 7.1. An Overview of Energy
  • 7.2. Work
  • 7.3. Work and Kinetic Energy
  • 7.4. Work Done by a Varying Force
  • 7.5. Potential Energy
  • 7.6. Conservation of Energy
  • 7.7. Conservative and Nonconservative Forces
  • 7.8. Power
• 8. Momentum
  • 8.1. Momentum
  • 8.2. Conservation of Momentum
  • 8.3. Inelastic Collisions
  • 8.4. Elastic Collisions
  • 8.5. Impulse
  • 8.6. Center of Mass
  • 8.7. Motion of the Center of Mass
  • 8.8. Rocket Propulsion
• 9. Rotational Motion
  • 9.1. Angular Velocity and Angular Acceleration
  • 9.2. Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration
  • 9.3. Relationship Between Linear and Angular Quantities
  • 9.4. Kinetic Energy of Rotation and Moment of Inertia
  • 9.5. Rotation About a Moving Axis
• 10. Dynamics of Rotational Motion
  • 10.1. Torque
  • 10.2. Torque and Angular Acceleration
  • 10.3. Work and Power in Rotational Motion
  • 10.4. Angular Momentum
  • 10.5. Conservation of Angular Momentum
  • 10.6. Equilibrium of a Rigid Body
  • 10.7. Vector Nature of Angular Quantities
• 11. Elasticity and Periodic Motion
  • 11.1. Stress, Strain, and Elastic Deformations
  • 11.2. Periodic Motion
  • 11.3. Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion
  • 11.4. Equations of Simple Harmonic Motion
  • 11.5. The Simple Pendulum
  • 11.6. Damped and Forced Oscillations
• 12. Mechanical Waves and Sound
  • 12.1. Mechanical Waves
  • 12.2. Periodic Mechanical Waves
  • 12.3. Wave Speeds
  • 12.4. Mathematical Description of a Wave
  • 12.5. Reflections and Superposition
  • 12.6. Standing Waves and Normal Modes
  • 12.7. Longitudinal Standing Waves
  • 12.8. Interference
  • 12.9. Sound and Hearing
  • 12.10. Sound Intensity
  • 12.11. Beats
  • 12.12. The Doppler Effect
  • 12.13. Applications of Acoustics
  • 12.14. Musical Tones
• 13. Fluid Mechanics
  • 13.1. Density
  • 13.2. Pressure in a Fluid
  • 13.3. Archimedes’s Principle: Buoyancy
  • 13.4. Surface Tension and Capillarity
  • 13.5. Fluid Flow
  • 13.6. Bernoulli’s Equation
  • 13.7. Applications of Bernoulli’s Equation
  • 13.8. Real Fluids: Viscosity and Turbulence
• 14. Temperature and Heat
  • 14.1. Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
  • 14.2. Temperature Scales
  • 14.3. Thermal Expansion
  • 14.4. Heat Energy
  • 14.5. Phase Changes
  • 14.6. Calorimetry
  • 14.7. Heat Transfer
  • 14.8. Solar Energy and Resource Conservation
• 15. Thermal Properties of Matter
  • 15.1. The Mole and Avogadro’s Number
  • 15.2. Equations of State
  • 15.3. Kinetic Theory of an Ideal Gas
  • 15.4. Heat Capacities
  • 15.5. The First Law of Thermodynamics
  • 15.6. Thermodynamic Processes
  • 15.7. Properties of an Ideal Gas
• 16. The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  • 16.1. Directions of Thermodynamic Processes
  • 16.2. Heat Engines
  • 16.3. Internal Combustion Engines
  • 16.4. Refrigerators
  • 16.5. The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  • 16.6. The Carnot Engine: The Most Efficient Heat Engine
  • 16.7. Entropy
  • 16.8. The Kelvin Temperature Scale
  • 16.9. Energy Resources: A Case Study in Thermodynamics
• 17. Electric Charge and Electric Field
  • 17.1. Electric Charge
  • 17.2. Conductors and Insulators
  • 17.3. Conservation and Quantization of Charge
  • 17.4. Coulomb’s Law
  • 17.5. Electric Field and Electric Forces
  • 17.6. Calculating Electric Fields
  • 17.7. Electric Field Lines
  • 17.8. Gauss’s Law and Field Calculations
  • 17.9. Charges on Conductors
• 18. Electric Potential and Capacitance
  • 18.1. Electric Potential Energy
  • 18.2. Potential
  • 18.3. Equipotential Surfaces
  • 18.4. Capacitors
  • 18.5. Capacitors in Series and in Parallel
  • 18.6. Electric-Field Energy
  • 18.7. Dielectrics
• 19. Current, Resistance, and Direct-Current Circuits
  • 19.1. Current
  • 19.2. Resistance and Ohm’s Law
  • 19.3. Electromotive Force and Circuits
  • 19.4. Energy and Power in Electric Circuits
  • 19.5. Resistors in Series and in Parallel
  • 19.6. Kirchhoff’s Rules
  • 19.7. Electrical Measuring Instruments
  • 19.8. Resistance–Capacitance Circuits
  • 19.9. Physiological Effects of Currents
  • 19.10. Power Distribution Systems
• 20. Magnetic Field and Magnetic Forces
  • 20.1. Magnetism
  • 20.2. Magnetic Field and Magnetic Force
  • 20.3. Motion of Charged Particles in a Magnetic Field
  • 20.4. Mass Spectrometers
  • 20.5. Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor
  • 20.6. Force and Torque on a Current Loop
  • 20.7. Magnetic Field of a Long, Straight Conductor
  • 20.8. Force Between Parallel Conductors
  • 20.9. Current Loops and Solenoids
  • 20.10. Magnetic-Field Calculations
  • 20.11. Magnetic Materials
• 21. Electromagnetic Induction
  • 21.1. Induction Experiments
  • 21.2. Magnetic Flux
  • 21.3. Faraday’s Law
  • 21.4. Lenz’s Law
  • 21.5. Motional Electromotive Force
  • 21.6. Eddy Currents
  • 21.7. Mutual Inductance
  • 21.8. Self-Inductance
  • 21.9. Transformers
  • 21.10. Magnetic-Field Energy
  • 21.11. The R–L Circuit
  • 21.12. The L–C Circuit
• 22. Alternating Current
  • 22.1. Phasors and Alternating Currents
  • 22.2. Resistance and Reactance
  • 22.3. The Series R–L–C Circuit
  • 22.4. Power in Alternating-Current Circuits
  • 22.5. Series Resonance
• 23. Electromagnetic Waves
  • 23.1. Introduction to Electromagnetic Waves
  • 23.2. Speed of an Electromagnetic Wave
  • 23.3. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
  • 23.4. Sinusoidal Waves
  • 23.5. Energy in Electromagnetic Waves
  • 23.6. Nature of Light
  • 23.7. Reflection and Refraction
  • 23.8. Total Internal Reflection
  • 23.9. Dispersion
  • 23.10. Polarization
  • 23.11. Huygens’s Principle
• 24. Geometric Optics
  • 24.1. Reflection at a Plane Surface
  • 24.2. Reflection at a Spherical Surface
  • 24.3. Graphical Methods for Mirrors
  • 24.4. Refraction at a Spherical Surface
  • 24.5. Thin Lenses
  • 24.6. Graphical Methods for Lenses
• 25. Optical Instruments
  • 25.1. The Camera
  • 25.2. The Eye
  • 25.3. The Magnifier
  • 25.4. The Microscope
  • 25.5. Telescopes
• 26. Interference and Diffraction
  • 26.1. Interference and Coherent Sources
  • 26.2. Two-Source Interference of Light
  • 26.3. Interference in Thin Films
  • 26.4. Diffraction
  • 26.5. Diffraction from a Single Slit
  • 26.6. Multiple Slits and Diffraction Gratings
  • 26.7. X-Ray Diffraction
  • 26.8. Circular Apertures and Resolving Power
  • 26.9. Holography
• 27. Relativity
  • 27.1. Invariance of Physical Laws
  • 27.2. Relative Nature of Simultaneity
  • 27.3. Relativity of Time
  • 27.4. Relativity of Length
  • 27.5. The Lorentz Transformation
  • 27.6. Relativistic Momentum
  • 27.7. Relativistic Work and Energy
  • 27.8. Relativity and Newtonian Mechanics
• 28. Photons, Electrons, and Atoms
  • 28.1. The Photoelectric Effect
  • 28.2. Line Spectra and Energy Levels
  • 28.3. The Nuclear Atom and the Bohr Model
  • 28.4. The Laser
  • 28.5. X-Ray Production and Scattering
  • 28.6. The Wave Nature of Particles
  • 28.7. Wave–Particle Duality
  • 28.8. The Electron Microscope
• 29. Atoms, Molecules, and Solids
  • 29.1. Electrons in Atoms
  • 29.2. Atomic Structure
  • 29.3. Diatomic Molecules
  • 29.4. Structure and Properties of Solids
  • 29.5. Energy Bands
  • 29.6. Semiconductors
  • 29.7. Semiconductor Devices
  • 29.8. Superconductivity
• 30. Nuclear and High-Energy Physics
  • 30.1. Properties of Nuclei
  • 30.2. Nuclear Stability
  • 30.3. Radioactivity
  • 30.4. Radiation and the Life Sciences
  • 30.5. Nuclear Reactions
  • 30.6. Nuclear Fission
  • 30.7. Nuclear Fusion
  • 30.8. Fundamental Particles
  • 30.9. High-Energy Physics
  • 30.10. Cosmology
• Appendix A: The International System of Units
• Appendix B: The Greek Alphabet
• Appendix C: Periodic Table of the Elements
• Appendix D: Unit Conversion Factors
• Appendix E: Numerical Constants
• Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Problems
• Credits
• Index
• Unit Conversion Factors
• Numerical Constants
• Back Cover

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