Efnisyfirlit

• Half-title
• Title
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contents
• Figures
• Tables
• Contributors
• Foreword
• Preface and acknowledgments
• Abbreviations
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Multilingualism: The global approach to sign languages
  • Sign languages used by hearing people
  • How many languages are there?
  • Mutual intelligibility
  • The problem of nomenclature for sign languages
  • “Planned” signed languages that are not used by Deaf communities
  • The “standard” and the importance of dictionaries
  • Statistical approaches to the definition of languages
  • Sign languages in Europe
  • Historical relationships
  • World politics
  • Educational systems
  • Suggested Readings
  • Exercises
• 3 Bilingualism and language contact
  • Societal and individual bilingualism in the hearing world
    • Canada
    • Belgium
    • Singapore
  • Societal and individual bilingualism in the Deaf world
    • Martha’s Vineyard in the USA
    • A Yucatec Mayan village, Mexico
    • Desa Kolok in Bali, Indonesia
  • Bilingualism in most of the Deaf world
  • Diglossia
  • The transfer hypothesis: The influence of a first language upon the second
  • Language shift
  • Loan vocabulary in spoken languages
    • “Loan” phenomena in sign language situations
    • Mouthing
    • Pidgins and creoles
    • Code switching and code mixing
  • Conclusions
  • Suggested readings
  • Exercises
• 4 Sociolinguistic variation
  • The study of linguistic variation
    • The sociolinguistic variable
    • Variable units in spoken languages
    • Variable processes in spoken languages
  • Linguistic variation in spoken languages
    • Early studies of variation in spoken languages
    • Large-scale urban studies
    • Recent research on sociolinguistic variation in spoken languages
    • Sociolinguistic variation and language change
    • Summary
  • Linguistic variation in sign languages
    • Variation in ASL
    • Research on African American signing
    • An international perspective on variation in sign languages
  • Perspectives on the structure of sign languages
  • Sign languages vs. spoken languages
    • Variable units in sign and spoken languages
    • Variable processes in spoken and sign languages
    • Internal constraints on spoken and sign languages
    • Social constraints particular to Deaf communities
  • Three recent studies of variation in ASL
    • An exploratory case study of a phonological variable
    • A large scale quantitative study: Lucas et al. (2001) on DEAF
    • Summary of the studies
    • Methodological issues for the studies
  • Conclusions
  • Suggested readings
  • Exercises
  • NOTES
• 5 Discourse analysis
  • Discourse structure
  • Discourse action and interaction
  • Context and discourse
  • Methodological approaches to discourse analysis
    • Speech act theory
    • Interactional sociolinguistics
    • Ethnography of communication
    • Pragmatics
    • Conversation analysis
    • Variation analysis
  • Features of sign language discourse
    • Turntaking
    • Conversational repair
    • Discourse markers
    • Constructing dialogue and action
    • Cohesion
    • Rhythm, rhyme and repetition
  • The relevance of discourse genre
  • Conclusion
  • Suggested readings
  • Exercises
• 6 Language planning and policy
  • The nature and purposes of language planning
  • Ideologies of language policy
  • The language planning process
  • Language rights and language policy
  • Evaluating language policies
  • Conclusions
  • Suggested readings
  • Exercises
  • NOTES
  • APPENDIX 6.1 STATEMENT ON THE RECOGNITION OF THE NATIONAL SIGN LANGUAGES OF THE DEAF PASSED AT THE T
    • Comment
    • The statement
  • APPENDIX 6.2 WORLD FEDERATION OF THE DEAF CALLS FOR RECOGNITION OF SIGN LANGUAGES
• 7 Language attitudes
  • Why study language attitudes?
  • Definitions
  • Early research on language attitudes
  • How are language attitudes studied?
    • Content analysis
    • Direct measurement
    • Indirect measurement
  • Questions addressed by language attitude studies
  • Attitudes toward languages
  • Attitudes toward language groups
    • Language and identity
  • Theories of language attitudes: Answers to the questions
  • Consequences and applications
    • Second language
    • Employers’ hiring practices
    • Mass media
    • Education
  • Changes in language attitudes
  • Conclusions
  • Suggested readings
  • Exercises
  • NOTES
• Bibliography
• Index

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