Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Foreword
• Preface
• Contributors
• Reviewers
• Acknowledgments
• Contents
• Part I: Theoretical Foundations and Guidelines for Practice
  • Chapter 1: Therapeutic Use of Self in Occupational Therapy: The Importance of Empathy and Intentionality
    • Introduction
      • Honoring Those We Serve: Client Snapshots
        • Ken
        • Ed
        • Elliott
        • Reagan
      • Clients’ Underlying Experiences
      • Therapists’ Underlying Experiences
    • Empathy and Intentionality: Foundations for Occupational Therapy Practice
      • Empathy: Roots in Occupational Therapy
      • Modern Conceptualizations of Empathy: A Critical Perspective
      • Empathy and the Intentional Relationship Model: Important Points
      • Intentionality: Reflections in Historical Definitions of Therapeutic Use of Self
      • Intentionality and the Intentional Relationship Model
      • Empathy and Intentionality Define Therapeutic Use of Self
    • Overview of the Intentional Relationship Model
    • Failures in Empathy and Intentionality
      • The Importance of Relational Expertise in Occupational Therapy: Therapist Snapshots
        • Rigel
        • Erika
    • Being Client-Centered in Occupational Therapy
      • Client Examples
        • Bart (Two-Sticks) Johnson
        • Sarah
        • Veronica
        • Margarita
  • Chapter 2: What Defines a Good Therapist?
    • Introduction
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Solution
      • Outcome
      • About Kim
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About René
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Michele
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Anne
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Roland
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Belinda
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Stephanie
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Vardit
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • The Outcome
      • About Kate
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Krissa
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Carmen
      • Interpersonal Challenge
      • Interpersonal Response
      • Outcome
      • About Jane
  • Chapter 3: A Model of the Intentional Relationship
    • Introduction
    • Explaining the Therapeutic Relationship: Need for a Conceptual Practice Model
    • Conceptual Background for the Model: How Therapeutic Use of Self in Occupational Therapy Differs From Psychotherapy
    • Elements of the Intentional Relationship Model
      • The Client’s Interpersonal Characteristics
      • Situational Interpersonal Characteristics
      • Enduring Interpersonal Characteristics
      • Interpersonal Events of Therapy
      • The Therapist’s Use of Self
        • Interpersonal Skill Base
        • Therapeutic Mode Use
        • Interpersonal Reasoning
      • Desired Occupation
      • Relationships Within the Model
    • Intentional Relationship Model: 10 Underlying Principles
      • Principle 1: Critical Self-Awareness Is Key to the Intentional Use of Self
      • Principle 2: Interpersonal Self-Discipline Is Fundamental to Effective Use of Self
      • Principle 3: It Is Necessary to Keep Head Before Heart
      • Principle 4: Mindful Empathy Is Required to Know Your Client
      • Principle 5: Grow Your Interpersonal Knowledge Base
      • Principle 6: Provided That They Are Purely and Flexibly Applied, a Wide Range of Therapeutic Modes Can Work and Be Utilized Interchangeably in Occupational Therapy
      • Principle 7: The Client Defines a Successful Relationship
      • Principle 8: Activity Focusing Must Be Balanced With Interpersonal Focusing
      • Principle 9: Application of the Model Must Be Informed by Core Values and Ethics
      • Principle 10: Cultural Sensitivity Is Central to Practice
  • Chapter 4: Knowing Ourselves as Therapists: Introducing the Therapeutic Modes
    • Introduction
    • Initial Self-Assessment
    • Our Interpersonal Behavior
      • Interpersonal Behavior and Therapeutic Modes
    • The Six Therapeutic Modes
      • Advocating Mode
        • Strengths of the Advocating Mode
        • Cautions of the Advocating Mode
      • Collaborating Mode
        • Strengths of the Collaborating Mode
        • Cautions of the Collaborating Mode
      • Empathizing Mode
        • Strengths of the Empathizing Mode
        • Cautions of the Empathizing Mode
      • Encouraging Mode
        • Strengths of the Encouraging Mode
        • Cautions of the Encouraging Mode
      • Instructing Mode
        • Strengths of the Instructing Mode
        • Cautions of the Instructing Mode
      • Problem-Solving Mode
        • Strengths of the Problem-Solving Mode
        • Cautions of the Problem-Solving Mode
      • Modes in Perspective
      • Mode Shifting
        • Mode Mismatch, Mixed and Incongruent Mode Use
    • Mode Shifting: Avoiding Suboptimal Communication
    • Therapeutic Style: Using the Modes
    • Broadening One’s Repertoire of Modes: A Central Objective of the Intentional Relationship Model
      • Locating One’s Comfort Zone of Preferred Modes
    • Therapeutic Style and Daily Interpersonal Behavior: Striving Toward Integration
    • Assessing Mode Use
  • Chapter 5: Being Client-Centered: Understanding Interpersonal Characteristics and Mode Preferences
    • Introduction
    • Client-Centered Practice, Client Interpersonal Characteristics, and Participation
    • Client Interpersonal Characteristics
      • Situational Interpersonal Characteristics
      • Enduring Interpersonal Characteristics
    • Categories of Interpersonal Characteristics
      • Communication Style
      • Tone of Voice
      • Body Language
      • Facial Expression (Affect)
      • Response to Change and Challenge
      • Level of Trust
      • Need for Control
      • Approach to Asserting Needs
      • Predisposition to Giving Feedback
      • Response to Feedback
      • Response to Human Diversity
      • Orientation Toward Relating
      • Preference for Touch
      • Interpersonal Reciprocity
    • Approaching the Therapeutic Relationship in Light of Client Interpersonal Characteristics
    • Using Therapeutic Modes in Response to Client Characteristics
  • Chapter 6: Complexities Within Client-Therapist Relationships: Inevitable Interpersonal Events of Therapy
    • Introduction
    • Expression of Strong Emotion
    • Intimate Self-Disclosures
    • Power Dilemmas
    • Nonverbal Cues
    • Verbal Innuendos
    • Crisis Points
    • Resistance and Reluctance
    • Boundary Testing
    • Empathic Breaks
    • Emotionally Charged Therapy Tasks and Situations
    • Limitations of Therapy
    • Contextual Inconsistencies
    • Interpersonal Event Cascades
    • The Role of Inevitable Events in the Interpersonal Reasoning Process
  • Chapter 7: Uncomplicating the Complicated: The Interpersonal Reasoning Process
    • Introduction
    • Six Steps of Interpersonal Reasoning
      • Step 1: Anticipate
      • Step 2: Identify and Cope
      • Step 3: Determine if a Mode Shift Is Required
      • Step 4: Choose a Response Mode or Mode Sequence
      • Step 5: Draw on Any Relevant Interpersonal Skills Associated With the Mode(s)
      • Step 6: Gather Feedback, and if Necessary, Strive Toward Mutual Understanding of the Response
    • Suboptimal Communication
      • Responses That Are Suboptimal or Carry the Potential to Be Suboptimal
        • Dominating Responses
        • Parental Responses
        • Defensive Responses
        • Nervous Responses
        • Casual Responses
        • Self-Disclosing Responses
        • Intrusive Responses
        • Patronizing Responses
        • Cliché Responses
        • Minimizing Responses
        • Responses That Prematurely Optimize
        • Humorous Responses
        • Dismissive Responses
        • Distancing Responses
        • Culturally Insensitive Responses
        • Socially Embarrassing Responses
        • Evaluative Responses
        • Confused Responses
        • Responses That Exaggerate, Pathologize, or Pity
        • Responses That Compare
• Part II: Building An Interpersonal Skill Base
  • Chapter 8: Therapeutic Communication
    • Introduction
    • Verbal Communication
    • Nonverbal Communication
    • Unidirectional Versus Bidirectional Communication
    • Therapeutic Listening
      • Empathic Listening
      • Guided Listening
      • Verbal Prompts and Sounds
      • Enrichment Questions
    • Seeking and Responding to Client Feedback
    • Providing Clients With Structure, Direction, and Feedback
  • Chapter 9: Establishing Intentional Relationships
    • Introduction
    • Rapport Building, Impression Management, and Emotional Climate
    • Mode Matching and Versatility
    • Managing Emotional Intensity
      • Sadness
      • Anger
      • Anxiety
    • Judicious Use of Touch
    • Cultural Competence
  • Chapter 10: The Intentional Interview and Strategic Questioning
    • Introduction
    • Intentional Interviewing: Interpersonal Aspects
      • Creating a Confidential and Protective Environment
      • Conveying a Take-Charge Attitude
      • Assessing Vulnerabilities and Sensitivities
      • Orienting the Client to the Process and Requesting Consent
      • Rephrasing, Reordering, or Asking Questions Creatively
      • Detecting and Respecting the Client’s Boundaries
      • Listening Well
      • Responding (Nonverbally or Verbally) to a Response
      • Responding Therapeutically
      • Never Apologizing for Interview Length or the Questions
      • Checking in and Acting as an Emotional Buoy
      • Knowing When to Stop
      • Redirecting Hyperverbal or Tangential Clients
      • Spotting and Clarifying Ambiguities, Doorknob Comments, and Contradictions in Content
      • Summarizing, Seeking Feedback, and Establishing Closure
      • Strategic Questioning
  • Chapter 11: Understanding Families, Social Systems, and Group Dynamics in Occupational Therapy
    • Introduction
    • Preserving Confidentiality and Boundaries
    • Viewing Relationships From a Social Systems Perspective
    • Distinguishing Between Productive and Maladaptive Dynamics of Systems
    • Managing Maladaptive Dynamics of Systems
    • Modes for Parents and Caregivers
  • Chapter 12: Understanding and Managing Difficult Behavior
    • Introduction
    • Understanding Difficult Behavior
    • Managing Difficult Behavior
      • Step 1. Anticipate
      • Step 2. Identify, Cope, and Strive for Understanding
      • Step 3. Determine If a Mode Shift Is Required
      • Step 4. Choose a Response Mode
      • Step 5. Draw on Any Relevant Interpersonal Skills Associated With That Mode
      • Step 6. Gather Feedback
      • Summing It Up
    • Specific Categories of Difficult Behavior
      • Manipulative Behavior
      • Excessive Dependence
      • Symptom Focusing
      • Resistance
      • Emotional Disengagement
      • Denial
      • Difficulty With Rapport and Trust
      • Hostility
      • Incorporating a Complementary Occupational Therapy Approach
  • Chapter 13: Resolving Empathic Breaks and Conflicts
    • Introduction
    • Resolving Empathic Breaks
    • Conflict Resolution
  • Chapter 14: Professional Behavior, Values, and Ethics
    • Introduction
    • Core Values and the Therapist’s Interpersonal Modes
      • Advocating Mode
      • Collaborating Mode
      • Empathizing Mode
      • Encouraging Mode
      • Instructing Mode
      • Problem-Solving
      • Overview
    • Behavioral Self-Awareness
    • Reliability
    • Confidentiality
    • Professional Boundaries
  • Chapter 15: On Being Intentional on Fieldwork and in Interprofessional Practice Settings
    • Introduction
    • Teachers and Educators
    • Collaborations in the Client’s Absence
    • Collaborations in the Client’s Presence
    • Supervisory and Fieldwork Relationships
  • Chapter 16: On Becoming a Better Therapist: Self-Care and Developing Your Therapeutic Use of Self
    • Introduction
    • Self-Awareness and Reflective Use of Your Traits
    • Knowing and Responsibly Accepting Weaknesses and Limitations
    • Recognizing and Cultivating Your Assets
    • Developing Aspects of the Self
    • Deliberately Cultivating Strengths From Mistakes, Problems, and Failures
    • Transforming Personal Difficulties and Challenges Into Gifts
    • Maintaining Mindfulness of Why You Are an Occupational Therapist
• Glossary
• Credits
• Index

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