Efnisyfirlit

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• PREFACE
• Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 Human Osteology
  • 1.2 A Guide to the Manual
  • 1.3 Resources for the Osteologist
  • 1.4 Identifying Bones
• Chapter 2. FIELD PROCEDURES FOR SKELETAL REMAINS
  • 2.1 Search
  • 2.2 Discovery
  • 2.3 Excavation and Retrieval
  • 2.4 Transport
• Chapter 3. ETHICS IN OSTEOLOGY
  • 3.1 Ethics in Forensic Osteology
  • 3.2 Ethics in Archeological Osteology
• Chapter 4. BONE BIOLOGY & VARIATION
  • 4.1 Variation
  • 4.2 A Few Facts about Bone
  • 4.3 Bones as Elements of the Musculoskeletal System
  • 4.4 Gross Anatomy of Bones
  • 4.5 Molecular Structure of Bone
  • 4.6 Histology and Metabolism of Bone
  • 4.7 Bone Growth
  • 4.8 Bone Repair
• Chapter 5. POSTMORTEM SKELETAL MODIFICATION
  • 5.1 Bone Fracture
  • 5.2 Bone Modification by Physical Agents
  • 5.3 Bone Modification by Nonhuman Biological Agents
  • 5.4 Bone Modification by Humans
• Chapter 6. ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
  • 6.1 Planes of Reference
  • 6.2 Directional Terms
  • 6.3 Motions of the Body
  • 6.4 General Bone Features
• Chapter 7. SKULL
  • 7.1 Handling the Skull
  • 7.2 Elements of the Skull
  • 7.3 Growth and Architecture, Sutures and Sinuses
  • 7.4 Skull Orientation
  • 7.5 Learning Cranial Skeletal Anatomy
  • 7.6 Frontal (Figures 7.9–7.12)
  • 7.7 Parietals (Figures 7.137.14)
  • 7.8 Temporals (Figures 7.15–7.18)
  • 7.9 Auditory Ossicles (Figure 7.19)
  • 7.10 Occipital (Figures 7.20)
  • 7.11 Maxillae (Figure 7.22)
  • 7.12 Palatines (Figures 7.23–7.24)
  • 7.13 Vomer (Figure 7.25)
  • 7.14 Inferior Nasal Conchae (Figure 7.26)
  • 7.15 Ethmoid (Figure 7.27)
  • 7.16 Lacrimals (Figure 7.28)
  • 7.17 Nasals (Figure 7.29)
  • 7.18 Zygomatics (Figure 7.30)
  • 7.19 Sphenoid (Figures 7.3–17.34)
  • 7.20 Mandible (Figures 7.35–7.37)
• Chapter 8. DENTITION
  • 8.1 Dental Form and Function
  • 8.2 Dental Terminology
  • 8.3 Anatomy of a Tooth
  • 8.4 Tooth Identification
  • 8.5 To Which Category (Class) Does the Tooth Belong? (Figures 8.4–8.5)
  • 8.6 Is the Tooth Permanent or Deciduous? (Figures 8.4–8.5)
  • 8.7 Is the Tooth an Upper or a Lower?
  • 8.8 Where in the Arch Is the Tooth Located?
  • 8.9 Is the Tooth from the Right or the Left Side?
• Chapter 9. HYOID & VERTEBRAE
  • 9.1 Hyoid (Figures 9.1–9.3)
  • 9.2 General Characteristics of Vertebrae
  • 9.3 Cervical Vertebrae (n = 7) (Figures 9.4 and 9.8)
  • 9.4 Thoracic Vertebrae (n = 12) (Figures 9.5 and 9.15)
  • 9.5 Lumbar Vertebrae (n = 5) (Figures 9.6, 9.20, and 9.21)
• Chapter 10. THORAX: STERNUM & RIBS
  • 10.1 Sternum (Figures 10.1–10.3)
  • 10.2 Ribs (Figures 10.4–10.7)
• Chapter 11. SHOULDER GIRDLE: CLAVICLE & SCAPULA
  • 11.1 Clavicle (Figures 11.1–11.3)
  • 11.2 Scapula (Figures 11.4–11.7)
• Chapter 12. ARM: HUMERUS, RADIUS, & ULNA
  • 12.1 Humerus (Figures 12.1–12.6)
  • 12.2 Radius (Figures 12.8–12.12)
  • 12.3 Ulna (Figures 12.13–12.18)
• Chapter 13. HAND: CARPALS, METACARPALS, & PHALANGES
  • 13.1 Carpals (Figures 13.4–13.15)
  • 13.2 Metacarpals (Figures 13.16–13.20)
  • 13.3 Hand Phalanges (Figures 13.16–13.18)
• Chapter 14. PELVIC GIRDLE: SACRUM, COCCYX, & OS COXAE
  • 14.1 Sacrum (Figures 14.1–14.4)
  • 14.2 Coccyx (Figures 14.514.6)
  • 14.3 Os Coxae (Figures 14.7–14.10)
• Chapter 15. LEG: FEMUR, PATELLA, TIBIA, & FIBULA
  • 15.1 Femur (Figures 15.1–15.6)
  • 15.2 Patella (Figures 15.8)
  • 15.3 Tibia (Figures 15.10–15.15)
  • 15.4 Fibula (Figures 15.16–15.21)
• Chapter 16. FOOT: TARSALS, METATARSALS, & PHALANGES
  • 16.1 Tarsals
  • 16.2 Metatarsals (Figures 16.17–16.21)
  • 16.3 Foot Phalanges (Figures 16.17–16.19)
• Chapter 17. OSTEOLOGICAL & DENTAL PATHOLOGY
  • 17.1 Trauma
  • 17.2 Infectious Diseases and Associated Manifestations
  • 17.3 Circulatory Disturbances and Hematopoietic Disorders
  • 17.4 Metabolic and Hormonal Imbalance
  • 17.5 Tumors
  • 17.6 Arthritis
  • 17.7 Dental Pathology
  • 17.8 Occupation
• Chapter 18. LABORATORY PROCEDURES & REPORTING
  • 18.1 Setting
  • 18.2 Preservation
  • 18.3 Preparation
  • 18.4 Restoration
  • 18.5 Sorting
  • 18.6 Metric Acquisition and Analysis
  • 18.7 Molecular Osteology
  • 18.8 Molding and Casting
  • 18.9 Photography
  • 18.10 Radiography
  • 18.11 Microscopy
  • 18.12 Computing
  • 18.13 Reporting
  • 18.14 Curation
• Chapter 19. THE SKELETAL BIOLOGY OF INDIVIDUALS & POPULATIONS
  • 19.1 Accuracy and Precision of Estimation
  • 19.2 From Known to Unknown
  • 19.3 Estimation of Age
  • 19.4 Determination of Sex
  • 19.5 Estimation of Stature
  • 19.6 Estimation of Ancestry
  • 19.7 Identifying the Individual
  • 19.8 Discrete Traits
  • 19.9 Estimating Biological Distance
  • 19.10 Diet
  • 19.11 Disease and Demography
• GLOSSARY
• APPENDIX. Electronic Resources for Human Osteology
  • GENERAL
  • SOFT TISSUE
  • FORENSICS
  • CASTING
  • RADIOLOGY
  • PALEOPATHOLOGY
  • PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
  • NATIVE AMERICAN GRAVES PROTECTION AND REPATRIATION
  • COMPARATIVE ANATOMY
  • INSTRUMENTS
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• INDEX

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