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• Front Matter
  • About the Authors
  • Credits
  • Acknowledgments
  • Introduction
    • How this Book is Organized
    • Who Should Read this Book
    • How this Book Differs from the First Edition
• CHAPTER 1 Introducing the Kimball Lifecycle
  • Lifecycle History Lesson
  • Lifecycle Milestones
    • Figure 1-1 The Kimball Lifecycle diagram.
    • Program/Project Planning
    • Program/Project Management
    • Business Requirements Definition
    • Technology Track
      • Technical Architecture Design
      • Product Selection and Installation
    • Data Track
      • Dimensional Modeling
      • Physical Design
      • ETL Design and Development
    • Business Intelligence Application Track
      • BI Application Design
      • BI Application Development
    • Deployment
    • Maintenance
    • Growth
  • Using the Lifecycle Roadmap
  • Lifecycle Navigation Aids
  • Lifecycle Vocabulary Primer
    • Data Warehouse versus Business Intelligence
    • ETL System
    • Business Process Dimensional Model
    • Business Intelligence Applications
  • Conclusion
• CHAPTER 2 Launching and Managing the Project/Program
  • Note
  • Define the Project
    • Assess Your Readiness for DW/BI
      • Strong Senior Business Management Sponsor(s)
      • Compelling Business Motivation
      • Feasibility
      • Factors Not Considered Readiness Deal Breakers
    • Address Shortfalls and Determine Next Steps
      • Strong Sponsor, Compelling Business Need, and Quality Data
      • Poor Quality Data
      • Weak Business Sponsor or IT-Only Sponsor
        • Note
      • Too Much Demand from Multiple Business Sponsors
      • Well Meaning, But Overly Aggressive Business Sponsor
      • Legacy of Underperforming, Isolated Data Silos
    • Develop the Preliminary Scope and Charter
      • Note
      • Focus on a Single Business Process
        • Note
        • The Danger of Dashboards
      • The Role of Rapid Application Development
        • Note
        • Note
      • Document the Scope/Charter
        • Note
        • Figure 2-1 Sample project scope/charter excerpt.
    • Build the Business Case and Justification
      • Determine the Financial Investments and Costs
      • Determine the Financial Returns and Benefits
      • Combine the Investments and Returns to Calculate ROI
        • Caution
        • Note
  • Plan the Project
    • Establish the Project Identity
    • Staff the Project
      • Front Office: Sponsors and Drivers
        • Business Sponsor/Business Driver
          • Caution
        • DW/BI Director/Program Manager
      • Coaches: Project Managers and Leads
        • Project Manager
        • Business Project Lead
      • Regular Lineup: Core Project Team
        • Business Analyst
        • Data Steward/Quality Assurance Analyst
        • Data Architect/Data Modeler/Database Administrator
        • Metadata Manager
        • ETL Architect/ETL Developer
        • BI Architect/BI Application Developer/BI Portal Developer
          • Note
      • Special Teams
        • Technical Architect/Technical Support Specialist
        • Security Manager
        • Lead Tester
        • Data Mining/Statistical Specialist
        • Educator
      • Free Agents
      • Convert Individual Talent into a Team
        • Note
    • Develop the Project Plan
      • Figure 2-2 Sample project plan excerpt.
    • Develop the Communication Plan
      • Note
      • Project Team
        • Figure 2-3 Sample communication plan.
      • Sponsor and Driver Briefings
        • Note
      • Business User Community
        • Note
      • Communication with Other Interested Parties
        • General Executive Management
        • IT Staff Not Involved in DW/BI
        • Business Community at Large
  • Manage the Project
    • Conduct the Project Team Kickoff Meeting
      • Figure 2-4 Sample project team kickoff meeting agenda.
    • Monitor Project Status
      • Project Status Meetings
        • Figure 2-5 Sample status meeting agenda.
      • Project Status Reports
    • Maintain the Project Plan
    • Consolidate the Project Documentation
    • Manage the Scope
      • Track Issues
      • Control Changes
    • Manage Expectations
      • Note
    • Recognize Project Trouble Signs
  • Manage the Program
    • Establish Governance Responsibility and Processes
    • Elevate Data Stewardship to Enterprise Level
    • Leverage Methods and Architectural Best Practices
    • Conduct Periodic Assessments
    • Communicate, Communicate, Communicate
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
      • Website Resources
      • Task List
• CHAPTER 3 Collecting the Requirements
  • Figure 3-1 Business requirements impact virtually every aspect of the project.
  • Overall Approach to Requirements Definition
    • Table 3-1 Differences Between Program and Project Requirements Definition Efforts
    • Interviews versus Facilitated Sessions
      • Note
    • Methods to Avoid for Collecting Requirements
  • Prepare for the Interview
    • Identify the Interview Team
      • Lead Interviewer
        • Note
      • Scribe
        • Note
      • Observers
    • Research the Organization
      • Note
    • Select the Interviewees
      • Business Interviewees
        • Note
      • IT and Compliance/Security Interviewees
    • Develop the Interview Questionnaires
    • Schedule the Interviews
      • Sequence the Interviews
        • Figure 3-2 Sample interview questionnaire for a business manager or analyst.
      • Establish the Interview Time and Place
        • Note
        • Caution
    • Prepare the Interviewees
      • Figure 3-3 Sample pre-interview briefing letter.
      • Note
    • Review Interviewing Ground Rules
      • Remember Your Interview Role
      • Assume You Will Learn
      • Verify Communications
      • Be Conversational
      • Maintain Interview Schedule Flexibility
        • Note
      • Manage Expectations Continuously
  • Conduct the Interview
    • Note
    • Note
    • Program Business Interviews
      • Question
    • Program IT Interviews
    • Program Compliance/Security Interviews
  • Wrap Up the Interview
    • Determine the Success Criteria
      • Note
    • Say Thanks and See You Later
  • Review the Interview Results
    • Synthesize Around Business Processes
      • Note
  • Prepare and Publish Requirements Deliverables
    • Interview Write-Ups
    • Program Requirements Findings Document
      • Figure 3-4 Sample requirements findings excerpt.
      • Note
      • Figure 3-5 Sample high level enterprise data warehouse bus matrix.
      • Figure 3-6 Sample opportunity matrix.
  • Prioritize and Agree on Next Steps
    • Culminate with a Review and Prioritization Meeting
      • Tip
      • Figure 3-7 Sample prioritization grid.
      • Note
    • Close the Loop
  • Adjustments for Project Level Requirements
    • Project Level Approach
    • Prepare for the Project Requirements Interview
      • Select the Interviewees
      • Prepare the Interviewees
        • Figure 3-8 Sample user kickoff meeting agenda.
    • Conduct the Interviews
      • Review Existing Reports and Analyses
        • Note
      • Wrap Up the Interview
    • Dig into the Data
    • Review the Interview Results
    • Prepare and Publish Project Deliverables
      • Figure 3-9 Analysis of business dimensions and facts from users' key reports.
    • Agree on Next Steps and Close the Loop
  • Deal with Challenging Interviewees
    • Abused User
    • Overbooked/Substitute User
    • Comatose User
    • Overzealous User
    • Know-It-All User
    • Clueless User
    • Nonexistent User
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
      • Website Resources
      • Task List
• CHAPTER 4 Introducing the Technical Architecture
  • The Value of Architecture
  • Technical Architecture Overview
    • Note
    • Flow from Source System to User Screen
      • Note
      • Figure 4-1 High level DW/BI system architecture model.
    • Common Architecture Features
      • Metadata Driven
        • Note
      • Flexible Services Layers
    • Evolution of Your DW/BI Architecture
  • Back Room Architecture
    • General ETL Requirements
    • Build versus Buy
    • Back Room ETL Flow
      • Note
    • Source Systems
      • Figure 4-2 Back room system architecture model.
      • Enterprise Resource Planning Systems
      • Operational Data Stores
      • Reporting Operational Data Stores
        • Note
      • Master Data Management
      • XML Sources
      • Message Queues, Log Files, and Redo Files
      • Proprietary Formats
    • Extract
    • Clean and Conform
    • Deliver
    • ETL Management Services
    • Additional Back Room Services and Trends
      • Data Service Providers
      • Functional Service Providers
      • Data Delivery Services
    • ETL Data Stores
      • ETL System Data Stores
      • Lookup and Decode Tables
      • Data Quality Data Stores
        • Note
    • ETL Metadata
      • PROCESS METADATA
      • TECHNICAL METADATA
      • BUSINESS METADATA
    • Back Room Summary
  • Presentation Server Architecture
    • Business Requirements for Information
      • Note
    • Detail Atomic Data
    • Aggregates
      • Figure 4-3 Presentation server system architecture model.
      • Note
    • Aggregate Navigation
      • Atomic Level Data Model
    • Design Disciplines within the Presentation Server
    • Adjusting the Presentation Server Architecture
    • Organizational Considerations
    • Presentation Server Metadata
      • PROCESS METADATA
      • TECHNICAL METADATA
      • BUSINESS METADATA
    • Presentation Server Summary
  • Front Room Architecture
    • BI Application Types
      • Figure 4-4 Front room technical architecture model.
    • BI Management Services
      • Shared Services
        • Metadata Services
          • Note
        • Security Services
        • Usage Monitoring
        • Query Management
        • Enterprise Reporting Services
          • Note
        • Web Access
        • Portal Services
        • Operational BI Write Back
      • Vendor Specific Architectural Choices
    • BI Data Stores
      • Stored Reports
      • Application Server Caches
      • Local User Databases
      • Disposable Analytic Data Stores
      • Results from Analytic Applications
      • Downstream Systems
      • Data Store Security
    • Desktop Tool Architecture Approaches
    • BI Metadata
      • PROCESS METADATA
      • TECHNICAL METADATA
      • BUSINESS METADATA
    • Front Room Summary
  • Infrastructure
    • Infrastructure Drivers
    • Back Room and Presentation Server Infrastructure Factors
    • Parallel Processing Hardware Architectures
      • Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP)
        • Figure 4-5 Basic parallel processing hardware architectures.
        • Note
      • Massively Parallel Processing (MPP)
        • Note
      • Non-Uniform Memory Architecture (NUMA)
      • Clusters
      • Warehouse Appliances
      • Partitioning Hardware
      • Considerations Common to All Parallel Architectures
    • Hardware Performance Boosters
      • Disk Issues
      • Memory
        • Note
      • CPUs
      • Secondary Storage
    • Database Platform Factors
      • Characteristics of Relational Engines
        • Note
      • Characteristics of OLAP Engines
    • Front Room Infrastructure Factors
      • Application Server Considerations
      • Desktop Considerations
      • Connectivity and Networking Factors
    • Infrastructure Summary
  • Metadata
    • Value of Metadata Integration
      • Impact Analysis
      • Audit and Documentation
      • Metadata Quality and Management
    • Options for Metadata Integration
      • Single Source DW/BI System Vendors
      • Core Vendor Product
      • Do It Yourself
    • Metadata Summary
  • Security
    • Security Vulnerabilities
      • Threats to Physical Assets
      • Threats to Information and Software Assets
      • Threats to Business Continuance
      • Network Threats
        • References
    • Security Summary
  • Conclusion
• CHAPTER 5 Creating the Architecture Plan and Selecting Products
  • Create the Architecture
    • Architecture Development Process
      • Figure 5-1 DW/BI system's application architecture top-down approach.
      • Figure 5-2 Architecture development context and process flow chart.
      • Figure 5-3 Architecture development estimated effort.
    • Develop the Application Architecture Plan
      • Step 1—Form an Architecture Task Force
      • Step 2—Gather Architecture-Related Requirements
      • Step 3—Create a Draft Architectural Implications Document
        • Figure 5-4 Example architecture-related interview questions.
      • Step 4—Create the Architecture Model
        • Figure 5-5 Architectural implications document sample.
      • Step 5—Determine the Architecture Implementation Phases
      • Step 6—Design and Specify the Subsystems
      • Step 7—Create the Application Architecture Plan Document
        • Note
      • Step 8—Review the Draft
      • Example Application Architecture Plan Outline and Model
        • Figure 5-6 Application architecture plan document sample table of contents.
        • Figure 5-7 Application architecture model sample.
        • Note
  • Select Products
    • Keep a Business Focus
    • Major DW/BI Evaluation Areas
    • Evaluate Options and Choose a Product
      • Step 1—Understand the Purchasing Process
      • Step 2—Develop the Product Evaluation Matrix
      • Step 3—Conduct Market Research
        • Figure 5-8 Sample ETL tool product evaluation matrix.
      • Step 4—Narrow Your Options to a Short List
        • Why Requests for Information Are Problematic
      • Step 5—Evaluate the Candidates
        • In-Depth Research
          • Check References
        • Hands-On Evaluations
        • Product Comparison Prototypes, if Necessary
        • Evaluation Shortcuts
      • Step 6—Recommend a Product
      • Step 7—Trial
      • Step 8—Contract Negotiations
    • Considerations for the Back Room and Presentation Server
      • Hardware Platform
      • DBMS Platform
      • ETL Tool
    • Considerations for the Front Room
      • Beware of the “No Problem” Sales Pitch
      • Note
  • Manage the Metadata
    • Appoint the Metadata Manager
    • Create the Metadata Strategy
  • Secure the System
    • Secure the Hardware and Operating System
    • Secure the Development Environment
    • Secure the Network
      • Network Components
        • Routers and Firewalls
          • Note
        • Directory Server
          • Note
      • Encryption
        • Note
    • Authenticate the Users
    • Secure the Data
      • Provide Open Access for Internal Users
      • Itemize Sensitive Data
      • Minimize or Mask Sensitive Data
        • Figure 5-9 Sales section of a sample data sensitivity matrix.
      • Secure the Data Access
        • Unrestricted Reports
        • Restricted Reports
        • Filtered Reports
        • Ad Hoc Access
        • External Reports
    • Monitor Usage and Ensure Compliance
    • Plan for Backup and Recovery
  • Create the Infrastructure Map
    • Figure 5-10 Example DW/BI system infrastructure map.
  • Install the Hardware and Software
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
        • Creating the Architecture Plan
        • Selecting Products
        • Metadata
        • Security
      • Website Resources
      • Task List
• CHAPTER 6 Introducing Dimensional Modeling
  • Reference
  • Making the Case for Dimensional Modeling
    • What Is Dimensional Modeling?
      • Figure 6-1 Dimensional model of the orders business process for a manufacturer.
      • Note
    • What about Normalized Modeling?
      • Note
      • Note
      • Note
    • Benefits of Dimensional Modeling
      • Note
  • Dimensional Modeling Primer
    • Fact Tables
      • Note
      • Note
      • Fact Table Keys
      • Fact Table Granularity
        • Note
    • Dimension Tables
      • Note
      • Tip
      • Note
      • Dimension Table Keys
      • Conformed Dimensions
        • Figure 6-2 Conformed detailed and shrunken dimension tables corresponding to fact tables at different granularity.
        • Note
        • Note
    • Four-Step Dimensional Design Process
      • Step 1—Choose the Business Process
      • Step 2—Declare the Grain
        • Note
      • Step 3—Identify the Dimensions
      • Step 4—Identify the Facts
        • Figure 6-3 Business requirements and data realities drive the decisions made during the four-step process.
  • Enterprise Data Warehouse Bus Architecture
    • Note
    • Planning Crisis
    • Bus Architecture
    • Value Chain Implications
      • Figure 6-4 Diagram of data warehouse bus with conformed dimension interfaces.
      • Figure 6-5 Bus matrix for manufacturing supply chain.
    • Common Matrix Mishaps
    • Taking the Pledge
      • Note
  • More on Dimensions
    • Note
    • Date and Time
      • Figure 6-6 Example date dimension table.
      • Surrogate Date Keys
      • Time of Day
      • Date/Timestamps
        • Note
      • Multiple Time Zones
        • Figure 6-7 Fact table with multiple time zones.
    • Degenerate Dimensions
      • Note
    • Slowly Changing Dimensions
      • Note
      • Type 1: Overwrite the Dimension Attribute
        • Caution
      • Type 2: Add a New Dimension Row
        • Note
      • Type 3: Add a New Dimension Attribute
        • Figure 6-8 Sample rows from slowly changing dimension type 2.
      • Mini-Dimensions: Add a New Dimension
        • Figure 6-9 Fact table with a mini-dimension to track customer demographic changes.
      • Hybrid Slowly Changing Dimension Techniques
        • Figure 6-10 Hybrid slowly changing dimension with historical and current attributes.
    • Role-Playing Dimensions
      • Figure 6-11 Role-playing date dimensions.
      • Note
    • Junk Dimensions
      • Note
      • Figure 6-12 Sample rows from a junk dimension.
      • Note
      • Note
    • Snowflaking and Outriggers
      • Figure 6-13 Snowflaked dimension tables.
      • Note
      • Figure 6-14 Example of a permissible snowflaked outrigger.
      • Note
    • Handling Hierarchies
      • Fixed Hierarchies
      • Variable Depth Hierarchies via Bridge Tables
        • Figure 6-15 Commercial customer dimension with a navigation bridge table, joined to descend the tree.
    • Many-Valued Dimensions with Bridge Tables
      • Figure 6-16 Solving the many-valued diagnoses problem with a bridge table.
      • Figure 6-17 Solving the multiple customers per account problem with a bridge table.
  • More on Facts
    • Three Fundamental Grains
      • Transaction Fact Tables
        • Figure 6-18 Periodic snapshot grained fact table for monthly loans.
      • Periodic Snapshot Fact Tables
      • Accumulating Snapshot Fact Tables
        • Figure 6-19 Accumulating snapshot fact table for order fulfillment.
        • Note
    • Facts of Differing Granularity and Allocation
      • Figure 6-20 Header grained facts allocated to the line fact table.
      • Figure 6-21 Header grain fact table with aggregated line facts.
    • Multiple Currencies and Units of Measure
      • Figure 6-22 Fact table supporting multiple currencies.
      • Figure 6-23 Fact table to support multiple units of measure.
    • Factless Fact Tables
      • Figure 6-24 Factless fact table for student attendance events.
      • Note
    • Consolidated Fact Tables
      • Figure 6-25 Consolidated fact table combining actual and forecast data.
  • Fables and Falsehoods About Dimensional Modeling
    • Fables Caused by Focusing on Departmental Reports
      • Note
    • Fables Caused by Premature Summarization
    • Fables Caused by Overvaluing Normalization
  • Conclusion
• CHAPTER 7 Designing the Dimensional Model
  • Modeling Process Overview
    • Note
  • Get Organized
    • Identify Design Participants
      • Figure 7-1 Dimensional modeling process flow diagram.
      • Table 7-1 Major Participants in the Dimensional Modeling Process
      • Note
    • Revisit the Requirements
      • Note
    • Use Modeling Tools
      • Figure 7-2 Example attribute and metrics list.
    • Establish Naming Conventions
    • Provide for Source Data Research and Profiling
    • Obtain Facilities and Supplies
  • Recall the Four-Step Modeling Process
    • Step 1—Choose the Business Process
      • Note
    • Step 2—Declare the Grain
      • Caution
      • Note
      • Note
    • Step 3—Identify the Dimensions
      • Note
    • Step 4—Identify the Facts
  • Design the Dimensional Model
    • Build the High Level Dimensional Model
      • Conduct the Initial Design Session
      • Document the High Level Model Diagram
        • Figure 7-3 Example high level model diagram.
      • Identify the Attributes and Metrics
    • Develop the Detailed Dimensional Model
      • Identify the Data Sources
        • Note
        • Understand Candidate Data Sources
        • Profile and Select the Data Sources
          • Figure 7-4 Sample data source definitions.
          • Note
      • Establish Conformed Dimensions
      • Identify Base Facts and Derived Facts
        • Note
      • Document the Detailed Table Designs
        • Figure 7-5 Example derived fact worksheet.
        • Figure 7-6 Example detailed dimensional design worksheet.
        • Tip
      • Update the Bus Matrix
        • Figure 7-7 Example detailed bus matrix.
      • Identify and Resolve Modeling Issues
    • Review and Validate the Model
      • Figure 7-8 Example data model issues list.
      • Perform IT Data Model Review
        • Note
        • Preparation
        • Session Flow
      • Review with Core Users
      • Present to the Business Users
    • Finalize the Design Documentation
  • Embrace Data Stewardship
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
      • Website Resources
      • Task List
• CHAPTER 8 Designing the Physical Database and Planning for Performance
  • Develop Standards
    • Figure 8-1 High level physical design process.
    • Follow Naming Conventions
    • To Null or Not to Null?
    • Place Staging Tables
    • Develop File Location Standards
    • Use Synonyms or Views for User Accessible Tables
      • Caution
    • Primary Keys
      • Note
      • Note
    • Foreign Keys
      • Note
  • Develop the Physical Data Model
    • Design the Physical Data Structure
    • Finalize the Source-to-Target Map
    • Star versus Snowflake
      • Figure 8-2 Example of a denormalized star dimension.
      • Note
      • Figure 8-3 Example of a snowflake dimension.
    • Use a Data Modeling Tool
      • Tip
    • Develop Initial Sizing Estimates
      • Note
  • Build the Development Database
  • Design Processing Data Stores
  • Develop the Initial Index Plan
    • Caution
    • Indexing and Query Strategy Overview
      • B-Tree Index
      • Clustered Index
      • Bitmapped Index
      • Other Index Types
      • Star Schema Optimization
    • Indexing Dimension Tables
    • Indexing Fact Tables
    • Indexing for Loads
    • Indexing for OLAP
    • Analyze Tables and Indexes after the Load
  • Design the OLAP Database
    • OLAP Data Granularity and Drillthrough
    • Perfecting the OLAP Dimensions
    • Defining OLAP Calculations
  • Build the Test Database
  • Design Aggregations
    • Deciding How to Aggregate
      • Note
    • Deciding What to Aggregate
    • Maintaining Aggregations
      • Figure 8-4 Summary table at the granularity of product subcategory by month.
      • Note
    • Finalizing Indexes
  • Design and Build the Database Instance
    • Memory
    • Block Size
    • Save the Database Build Scripts and Parameter Files
  • Develop the Physical Storage Structure
    • Compute Table and Index Sizes
    • Develop the Partitioning Plan
      • Note
    • Set up Storage
      • Fault Tolerance
        • Caution
      • Storage Area Networks
      • Configuration of Volumes and Drives
        • Note
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
      • Website Resources
      • Task List
• CHAPTER 9 Introducing Extract, Transformation, and Load
  • Reference
  • Round Up the Requirements
    • Business Needs
    • Compliance
    • Data Quality
    • Security
    • Data Integration
    • Data Latency
    • Archiving and Lineage
    • User Delivery Interfaces
    • Available Skills
    • Legacy Licenses
  • The 34 Subsystems of ETL
  • Extracting Data
    • Subsystem 1—Data Profiling
    • Subsystem 2—Change Data Capture System
    • Subsystem 3—Extract System
      • Note
      • Note
  • Cleaning and Conforming Data
    • Improving Your Data Quality Culture and Processes
    • Subsystem 4—Data Cleansing System
      • Quality Screens
      • Responding to Quality Events
    • Subsystem 5—Error Event Schema
      • Figure 9-1 Error event schema.
    • Subsystem 6—Audit Dimension Assembler
      • Figure 9-2 Sample audit dimension attached to a fact table.
    • Subsystem 7—Deduplication System
    • Subsystem 8—Conforming System
  • Delivering Data for Presentation
    • Subsystem 9—Slowly Changing Dimension Manager
      • Figure 9-3 Deduplicating and survivorship processing for conformed dimensions.
      • Type 1: Overwrite
        • Figure 9-4 ETL processing flow for SCD surrogate key management.
      • Type 2: Create a New Row
        • Caution
      • Type 3: Add a New Column
      • Hybrid: Combination of Types
        • Figure 9-5 Type 3 SCD process.
    • Subsystem 10—Surrogate Key Generator
    • Subsystem 11—Hierarchy Manager
    • Subsystem 12—Special Dimensions Manager
      • Figure 9-6 Architecture for building junk dimension rows.
      • Note
    • Subsystem 13—Fact Table Builders
      • Transaction Grain Fact Table Loader
      • Periodic Snapshot Fact Table Loader
      • Accumulating Snapshot Fact Table Loader
    • Subsystem 14—Surrogate Key Pipeline
      • Figure 9-7 Processing of a fact table record to replace the operational natural keys with dimension surrogate keys.
    • Subsystem 15—Multi-Valued Dimension Bridge Table Builder
    • Subsystem 16—Late Arriving Data Handler
    • Subsystem 17—Dimension Manager System
    • Subsystem 18—Fact Provider System
    • Subsystem 19—Aggregate Builder
    • Subsystem 20—OLAP Cube Builder
    • Subsystem 21—Data Propagation Manager
  • Managing the ETL Environment
    • Subsystem 22—Job Scheduler
      • Note
    • Subsystem 23—Backup System
      • Backup
      • Archive and Retrieval
    • Subsystem 24—Recovery and Restart System
    • Subsystem 25—Version Control System
      • Note
    • Subsystem 26—Version Migration System
    • Subsystem 27—Workflow Monitor
    • Subsystem 28—Sorting System
    • Subsystem 29—Lineage and Dependency Analyzer
    • Subsystem 30—Problem Escalation System
    • Subsystem 31—Parallelizing/Pipelining System
    • Subsystem 32—Security System
    • Subsystem 33—Compliance Manager
    • Subsystem 34—Metadata Repository Manager
  • Real Time Implications
    • Real Time Triage
    • Real Time Tradeoffs
    • Real Time Partitions in the Presentation Server
      • Transaction Grain Real Time Partition
      • Periodic Snapshot Real Time Partition
  • Conclusion
• CHAPTER 10 Designing and Developing the ETL System
  • ETL Process Overview
  • Getting Started
    • Importance of Good System Development Practices
    • Table 10-1 Map of Process Flow to ETL Subsystems
  • Develop the ETL Plan
    • Step 1—Draw the High Level Plan
      • Figure 10-1 Example high level data staging plan schematic.
    • Step 2—Choose an ETL Tool
    • Step 3—Develop Default Strategies
    • Step 4—Drill Down by Target Table
      • Ensure Clean Hierarchies
        • Figure 10-2 Example product hierarchy.
      • Develop Detailed Table Schematics
        • Figure 10-3 Example first draft of detailed load schematic for the fact table.
    • Develop the ETL Specification Document
      • Note
    • Develop a Sandbox Source System
      • Note
  • Develop One-Time Historic Load Processing
    • Tip
    • Step 5—Populate Dimension Tables with Historic Data
      • Populate Type 1 Dimension Tables
      • Dimension Transformations
        • Simple Data Transformations
        • Combine from Separate Sources
        • Decode Production Codes
        • Validate Many-to-One and One-to-One Relationships
          • Figure 10-4 Product dimension table that includes a hierarchical relationship.
          • Figure 10-5 Snowflaked hierarchical relationship in the product dimension.
        • Dimension Surrogate Key Assignment
      • Dimension Table Loading
        • Note
      • Load Type 2 Dimension Table History
        • Note
      • Populate Date and Other Static Dimensions
        • Note
    • Step 6—Perform the Fact Table Historic Load
      • Historic Fact Table Extracts
        • Audit Statistics
          • Note
      • Fact Table Transformations
        • Null Fact Table Values
        • Improve Fact Table Content
        • Restructure Fact Data
        • Pipeline the Dimension Surrogate Key Lookup
          • Figure 10-6 Historic surrogate key pipeline.
        • Assign Audit Dimension Key
      • Fact Table Loading
      • Test, Test, and Test Again
  • Develop Incremental ETL Processing
    • Step 7—Dimension Table Incremental Processing
      • Dimension Table Extracts
      • Identify New and Changed Dimension Rows
      • Process Changes to Dimension Attributes
        • Note
    • Step 8—Fact Table Incremental Processing
      • Note
      • Figure 10-7 Logic flow for handling dimension updates.
      • Fact Table Extract and Data Quality Checkpoint
      • Fact Table Transformations and Surrogate Key Pipeline
      • Late Arriving Facts and the Surrogate Key Pipeline
      • Incremental Fact Table Load
      • Speed Up the Load Cycle
        • More Frequent Loading
        • Parallel Processing
          • Caution
        • Parallel Structures
    • Step 9—Aggregate Table and OLAP Loads
    • Step 10—ETL System Operation and Automation
      • Schedule Jobs
      • Handle Predictable Exceptions and Errors Automatically
      • Handle Unpredictable Errors Gracefully
      • Maintain Database Objects
      • Develop and Test ETL Automation
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
      • Website Resources
      • Task List
• CHAPTER 11 Introducing Business Intelligence Applications
  • Importance of Business Intelligence Applications
    • Figure 11-1 Types of BI applications.
    • Note
  • Analytic Cycle for Business Intelligence
    • Stage 1: Monitor Activity
      • Figure 11-2 Analytic cycle for BI analysis.
    • Stage 2: Identify Exceptions
    • Stage 3: Determine Causal Factors
    • Stage 4: Model Alternatives
    • Stage 5: Take Action and Track Results
    • More Implications of the Analytic Cycle
  • Types of Business Intelligence Applications
    • Direct Access Query and Reporting Tools
      • Query Formulation
      • Analysis and Presentation Capabilities
      • User Experience
      • Technical Features
    • Standard Reports
    • Analytic Applications
      • Pre-Built Analytic Applications
      • Read/Write Analytic Applications
    • Dashboards and Scorecards
      • Figure 11-3 Example dashboard application.
      • The Balanced Scorecard
    • Operational Business Intelligence
      • Caution
    • Data Mining
      • Data Mining Overview
        • Clustering
          • The Power of Naming
        • Classifying
        • Estimating and Predicting
        • Affinity Grouping
        • Anomaly Detection
      • Data Mining in the Applications Architecture
        • Note
  • Navigating Applications via the BI Portal
    • Note
    • Reference
    • Density Considerations
      • Figure 11-4 Example BI portal home page.
    • Navigation Structure Based on Business Processes
    • Additional Portal Functions
    • Application Interface Alternatives
  • Conclusion
• CHAPTER 12 Designing and Developing Business Intelligence Applications
  • Business Intelligence Application Resource Planning
    • Role of the BI Application Developer
    • Who Does the BI Applications Job?
    • Lifecycle Timing
  • Business Intelligence Application Specification
    • Create Application Standards and Templates
      • Determine Naming Standards
        • Tip
      • Create the Application Templates
        • Note
        • Figure 12-1 Example standard template.
      • Create Dashboard and Analytic Application Templates
    • Determine the Initial Application Set
      • Identify Report Candidates
        • Figure 12-2 Candidate report list.
      • Consolidate the Candidate List
      • Prioritize the Report List
        • Note
        • What to Do with Existing Reports
    • Develop Detailed Application Specifications
      • Specify Application Content
        • Figure 12-3 Sample report mock up.
        • Note
    • Design the Navigation Framework and Portal
      • Figure 12-4 Example BI application definition.
      • Figure 12-5 Simple application navigation framework.
      • Note
    • Review and Validate the Applications and Model
      • Note
    • Review with the Business
  • Business Intelligence Application Development
    • Prepare for Application Development
      • Install and Test the BI Tools
        • Populate BI Tool Metadata
        • Create Business Metadata
        • Test the BI Tools
      • Validate Your BI Application Interface Strategy
      • Set Up User Security
      • Set Up the Report Process Metadata System
    • Build the Applications
      • Follow the Core Process
        • Define the User Interactions
          • Note
        • Create the Queries
        • Format the Results
          • Note
      • Design and Develop Analytic Applications
      • Design and Develop Operational BI Applications
      • Include Data Mining Models
        • Figure 12-6 Data mining model development and implementation process.
      • Validate the Data and Data Model
      • Create the Navigational BI Portal
        • Figure 12-7 Sample second level portal page for the sales business process.
      • Set Up Report Scheduling
    • Test and Verify the Applications and Data
    • Complete the Documentation
    • Plan for Deployment
  • Business Intelligence Application Maintenance
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
        • BI Application Specification
        • Development
      • Website Resources
      • Task List
• CHAPTER 13 Deploying and Supporting the DW/BI System
  • System Deployment
    • Pre-Deployment Testing
      • System Testing Procedures
        • Think Like a Software Development Manager
        • Define Tests
        • Develop Test Datasets
        • Run Tests and Log Results
      • Data Quality Assurance Testing
      • Operations Process Testing
        • Note
      • Live Testing
      • Performance Testing
        • System Tuning
        • Service Level Confirmation
          • Tip
        • ETL Processing Performance: Getting Data In
        • Query Performance: Getting Data Out
      • Usability Testing
      • Desktop Readiness and Configuration
    • Deployment
      • Relational Database Deployment
        • Tip
        • Tip
        • Tip
      • ETL Deployment
        • Tip
      • OLAP Database Deployment
      • Report Deployment
        • Note
  • Documentation and Training
    • Core Documentation
      • Business Process Dimensional Model Descriptions
      • Table and Column Descriptions
      • Report Descriptions
    • Additional Documentation
    • User Training
      • Design and Approach
      • Develop Training Materials
        • Figure 13-1 Introductory one-day ad hoc query course outline.
      • Create a Training Database
      • Plan for the Level of Effort
  • Maintenance and Support
    • Manage the Front Room
      • Provide User Support
        • Note
        • Note
      • Maintain the BI Portal
      • Manage Security
      • Monitor Usage
      • Report on Usage
    • Manage the Back Room
      • Support Data Reconciliation
      • Execute and Monitor the ETL System
      • Monitor Resources
      • Manage Disk Space
      • Tune for Performance
      • Backup and Recovery
      • Long Term Archiving
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
      • Task List
• CHAPTER 14 Expanding the DW/BI System
  • Manage the Existing Environment
    • Reach the Business Users
    • Manage Up
    • Measure and Market Your Success
      • Evaluate ROI
      • Monitor Success and Service Metrics
        • Note
      • Proactively Market the Data Warehouse
    • Communicate Constantly
  • Prepare for Growth and Evolution
    • Assess Your Current Environment
    • Prioritize Opportunities for Growth
      • Prioritize Minor Enhancements
        • Note
      • Prioritize Major Initiatives
    • Manage Iterative Growth
  • Conclusion
    • Blueprint for Action
      • Managing the Effort and Reducing Risk
      • Assuring Quality
      • Key Roles
      • Key Deliverables
      • Estimating Considerations
• Back Matter
  • Glossary
  • Index

  UM RAFBÆKUR Á HEIMKAUP.IS

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