Efnisyfirlit

• Brief Contents
• Contents
• Preface
• About the Authors
• Chapter 1: Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge and the Scientific Method
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 1.1 Methods of Knowing and Acquiring Knowledge
  • 1.2 The Scientific Method
  • 1.3 The Research Process
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 2: Research Ideas and Hypotheses
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 2.1 Getting Started: Identifying a Topic Area
  • 2.2 Searching the Existing Research Literature in a Topic Area
  • 2.3 Finding an Idea for a Research Study from a Published Research Article
  • 2.4 Using a Research Idea to Form a Hypothesis and Create a Research Study
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 3: Defining and Measuring Variables
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 3.1 Constructs and Operational Definitions
  • 3.2 Validity and Reliability of Measurement
  • 3.3 Scales of Measurement
  • 3.4 Modalities of Measurement
  • 3.5 Other Aspects of Measurement
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 4: Ethics in Research
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Ethical Issues and Human Participants in Research
  • 4.3 Ethical Issues and Non-Human Subjects in Research
  • 4.4 Ethical Issues and Scientific Integrity
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 5: Selecting Research Participants
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 5.1 Introduction to Sampling
  • 5.2 Probability Sampling Methods
  • 5.3 Non-Probability Sampling Methods
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 6: Research Strategies and Validity
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 6.1 Research Strategies
  • 6.2 External and Internal Validity
  • 6.3 Threats to External Validity
  • 6.4 Threats to Internal Validity
  • 6.5 More about Internal and External Validity
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 7: The Experimental Research Strategy
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 7.1 Cause-and-Effect Relationships
  • 7.2 Distinguishing Elements of an Experiment
  • 7.3 Controlling Extraneous Variables
  • 7.4 Control Conditions and Manipulation Checks
  • 7.5 Increasing External Validity: Simulation and Field Studies
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 8: Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 8.1 Introduction to Between-Subjects Experiments
  • 8.2 Individual Differences as Confounding Variables
  • 8.3 Limiting Confounding by Individual Differences
  • 8.4 Individual Differences and Variability
  • 8.5 Other Threats to Internal Validity of Between-Subjects Experimental Designs
  • 8.6 Applications and Statistical Analyses of Between-Subjects Designs
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 9: Experimental Designs: Within-Subjects Design
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 9.1 Within-Subjects Experiments and Internal Validity
  • 9.2 Dealing with Time-Related Threats and Order Effects
  • 9.3 Comparing Within-Subjects and Between-Subjects Designs
  • 9.4 Applications and Statistical Analysis of Within-Subjects Designs
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 10: The Non-Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Non-Equivalent Group, Pre-Post,
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 10.1 Non-Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Research Strategies
  • 10.2 Between-Subjects Non-Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs: Non-Equivalent Group Designs
  • 10.3 Within-Subjects Non-Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs: Pre-Post Designs
  • 10.4 Developmental Research Designs
  • 10.5 Applications, Statistical Analysis and Terminology for Non-Experimental, Quasi-Experimental and
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 11: Factorial Designs
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 11.1 Introduction to Factorial Designs
  • 11.2 Main Effects and Interactions
  • 11.3 Types of Factorial Designs and Analysis
  • 11.4 Applications of Factorial Designs
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 12: The Correlational Research Strategy
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 12.1 An Introduction to Correlational Research
  • 12.2 The Data and Statistical Analysis for Correlational Studies
  • 12.3 Applications of the Correlational Strategy
  • 12.4 Strengths and Weaknesses of the Correlational Research Strategy
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 13: Modes and Methods of Measurement
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 13.1 Behavioural Tasks
  • 13.2 Observational Methods
  • 13.3 Surveys and Other Self-Report Methods
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 14: Case Study and Single-Case Experimental Research Designs
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 14.1 The Case Study Design
  • 14.2 Introduction to Single-Case Experimental Research Designs
  • 14.3 Phases and Phase Changes
  • 14.4 Reversal Designs: ABAB and Variations
  • 14.5 General Strengths and Weaknesses of Single-Case Designs
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 15: Statistical Evaluation of Data
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 15.1 The Role of Statistics in the Research Process
  • 15.2 Descriptive Statistics
  • 15.3 Inferential Statistics
  • 15.4 Finding the Right Statistics for Your Data
  • 15.5 Special Statistics for Research
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Chapter 16: Writing an APA-Style Research Report
  • Chapter Learning Objectives
  • Chapter Overview
  • 16.1 The Goal of a Research Report
  • 16.2 General APA Guidelines for Writing Style and Format
  • 16.3 The Elements of an APA-Style Research Report
  • 16.4 Writing a Research Proposal
  • Chapter Summary
  • Key Words
  • Exercises
  • Learning Check Answers
• Appendices
  • Appendix A: Statistics Demonstrations and Statistical Tables
  • Appendix B: Sample APA-Style Research Report Manuscript for Publication
• Glossary
• References
• Name Index
• Subject Index

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