Fundamentals of Management, Global Edition
Höfundar: Stephen P. Robbins, Mary A. Coulter, David A. DeCenzo, David A. De Cenzo
4.690 kr.
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For undergraduate principles of marketing courses. Everything students need to know to develop their ‘management sense’ and be successful Fundamentals of Management covers the essential concepts of management by providing a solid foundation for understanding the key issues facing managers and organisations. The 11th Edition maintains a focus on learning and applying management theories, while now also highlighting opportunities to develop the skills in high demand by today’s employers.
Fundamentals of Management offers an easy-to-understand, straightforward, and realistic approach to what works for managers and what doesn’t - with the ultimate goal to help students be successful in their careers. The full text downloaded to your computer With eBooks you can: search for key concepts, words and phrases make highlights and notes as you study share your notes with friends eBooks are downloaded to your computer and accessible either offline through the Bookshelf (available as a free download), available online and also via the iPad and Android apps.
Annað
- Höfundar: Stephen P. Robbins, Mary A. Coulter, David A. DeCenzo, David A. De Cenzo
- Útgáfa:11
- Útgáfudagur: 2019-08-05
- Hægt að prenta út 2 bls.
- Hægt að afrita 2 bls.
- Format:Page Fidelity
- ISBN 13: 9781292307398
- Print ISBN: 9781292307329
- ISBN 10: 1292307390
Efnisyfirlit
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Brief Contents
- Contents
- Preface
- About the Authors
- Part 1 Introduction
- Chapter 1 Managing Today
- Who Are Managers and Where Do They Work?
- What Three Characteristics Do All Organizations Share?
- How Are Managers Different from Nonmanagerial Employees?
- What Titles Do Managers Have?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Is Management?
- 3 Ways To Look At What Managers Do
- 4 Functions Approach
- Management Roles Approach
- Skills and Competencies
- Is the Manager’s Job Universal?
- Why Study Management?
- Making Ethical Decisions inToday’s Workplace
- What Factors Are Reshaping and Redefining Management?
- Why Are Customers Important to the Manager’s Job?
- Managing Technology In Today’s Workplace Is It Still Managing When What You’re Managing Are Rob
- Why Is Innovation Important to the Manager’s Job?
- Importance of Social Media to the Manager’s Job
- Importance of Sustainability to the Manager’s Job
- What Employability Skills Are Critical for Getting and Keeping a Job?
- Wrapping It Up . . .
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary By Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying:Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Becoming Politically Adept
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Training Better Managers . . . Now at Walmart
- Case Application #2—Managing without Managers
- Case Application #3—Destroying the World
- Endnotes
- History Module: A Brief History of Management’s Roots
- Early Management
- Classical Approaches
- Other Early Twentieth-Century Contributors: A DiversityPerspective
- Behavioral Approach
- Quantitative Approach
- Contemporary Approaches
- Endnotes
- Who Are Managers and Where Do They Work?
- Chapter 1 Managing Today
- Chapter 2 The Manager as Decision Maker
- How Do Managers Make Decisions?
- What Defines a Decision Problem?
- What Is Relevant in the Decision-making Process?
- How Does the Decision Maker Weight the Criteria and Analyze Alternatives?
- What Determines the Best Choice?
- What Happens in Decision Implementation?
- What Is the Last Step in the Decision Process?
- What Common Errors Are Committed in the Decision-making Process?
- What Are The 3 Approaches Managers Can Use To Make Decisions?
- Rational Model
- Bounded Rationality
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- Intuition and Managerial Decision Making
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Making Better Decisions With Technology
- What Types of Decisions and Decision-making Conditions Do Managers Face?
- How Do Problems Differ?
- How Does a Manager Make Programmed Decisions?
- How Do Nonprogrammed Decisions Differ from Programmed Decisions?
- How Are Problems, Types of Decisions, and Organizational Level Integrated?
- What Decision-making Conditions Do Managers Face?
- How Do Groups Make Decisions?
- What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Group Decision Making?
- When Are Groups Most Effective?
- Making Ethical Decisions inToday’s Workplace
- How Can You Improve Group Decision Making?
- What Contemporary Decision-making Issues Do Managers Face?
- How Does National Culture Affect Managers’ Decision Making?
- Why Are Creativity and Design Thinking Important in Decision Making?
- How Is Big Data Changing the Way Managers Make Decisions?
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Being A Creative Decision Maker
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Big Brown Numbers
- Case Application #2—The Business of Baseball
- Case Application #3—Slicing the Line
- Endnotes
- Quantitative Module: Quantitative Decision-Making Tools
- Payoff Matrices
- Decision Trees
- Break-even Analysis
- Linear Programming
- Queuing Theory
- Economic Order Quantity Model
- How Do Managers Make Decisions?
- What Is Globalization and How Does It Affect Organizations?
- What Does It Mean to Be “global”?
- How Do Organizations Go Global?
- What Are The Different Types Of Global Organizations?
- What Do Managers Need to Know About Managing in a Global Organization?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Does Society Expect from Organizations and Managers?
- How Can Organizations Demonstrate Socially Responsible Actions?
- Should Organizations Be Socially Involved?
- What Is Sustainability and Why Is It Important?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today'sWorkplace
- What Factors Determine Ethical and Unethical Behavior?
- In What Ways Can Ethics Be Viewed?
- How Can Managers Encourage Ethical Behavior?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace The Ethics of Data Analytics
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Building High Ethical Standards
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Global Control
- Case Application #2—Serious About Sustainability?
- Case Application #3—Flagrant Foul
- Endnotes
- Chapter 4 The Management Environment
- What Is the External Environment and Why Is It Important?
- What Is the Economy Like Today?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Role Do Demographics Play?
- How Does the External Environment Affect Managers?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Can Technology Improve the Way Managers Manage?
- Making Ethical Decisions inToday’s Workplace
- What Is Organizational Culture?
- Dimensions of Organizational Culture
- How Does Organizational Culture Affect Managers?
- How Does Culture Affect What Employees Do?
- How Does Culture Affect What Managers Do?
- What Are Current Issues in Organizational Culture?
- Creating a Customer-responsive Culture
- Creating an Innovative Culture
- Creating a Sustainability Culture
- Creating an Ethical Culture
- Creating a Learning Culture
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Understanding Culture
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Bad Ride. Bumpy Ride.
- Case Application #2—Not Sold Out
- Case Application #3—Extreme Openness
- Endnotes
- What Is the External Environment and Why Is It Important?
- What Is Change and How Do Managers Deal with It?
- Why Do Organizations Need to Change?
- Who Initiates Organizational Change?
- How Does Organizational Change Happen?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- How Do Managers Manage Resistance to Change?
- Why Do People Resist Organizational Change?
- What Are Some Techniques for Reducing Resistance to Organizational Change?
- What Reaction Do Employees Have To Organizational Change?
- What Is Stress?
- What Causes Stress?
- How Can Managers Encourage Innovation in an Organization?
- How Are Creativity and Innovation Related?
- What’s Involved in Innovation?
- Managing Technology In Today’s Workplace Helping Innovation Flourish
- How Can a Manager Foster Innovation?
- How Does Design Thinking Influence Innovation?
- What Is Disruptive Innovation and Why Is Managing It So Important?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today’sWorkplace
- What Is Disruptive Innovation?
- Why Is Disruptive Innovation Important?
- What Are the Implications of Disruptive Innovation?
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary By Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Stress Management
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Defeating The System
- Case Application #2—The Next Big Thing
- Case Application #3—Time To Change?
- Endnotes
- Entrepreneurship Module: Managing Entrepreneurial Ventures
- What Is the Context of Entrepreneurship and Why Is It Important?
- What Is Entrepreneurship?
- Is Entrepreneurship Different from Self-employment?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- Who’s Starting Entrepreneurial Ventures?
- Why Is Entrepreneurship Important?
- What Do Entrepreneurs Do?
- What Is the Context of Entrepreneurship and Why Is It Important?
- What Social Responsibility and Ethics Issues Face Entrepreneurs?
- What Initial Efforts Must Entrepreneurs Make?
- How Should Entrepreneurs Research the Venture’s Feasibility?
- What Planning Do Entrepreneurs Need to Do?
- What Additional Planning Considerations Do Entrepreneurs Need to Address?
- What Are the Legal Forms of Organization for Entrepreneurial Ventures?
- What Type of Organizational Structure Should Entrepreneurial Ventures Use?
- What Human Resource Management Issues Do Entrepreneurs Face?
- Managing Technology In Today’s Workplace Startup Ideas: Cashing in on Technology
- What Type of Personality Characteristics Do Entrepreneurs Have?
- How Can Entrepreneurs Motivate Employees?
- How Can Entrepreneurs Be Leaders?
- Making Ethical Decisions inToday’s Workplace
- How Is Growth Managed?
- How Are Downturns Managed?
- What’s Involved with Exiting the Venture?
- Why Is It Important to Think About Managing Personal Challenges as an Entrepreneur?
- Experiential Exercise
- Endnotes
- What Is Planning and Why Do Managers Need to Plan?
- Why Should Managers Formally Plan?
- What Are Some Criticisms of Formal Planning and How Should Managers Respond?
- Does Formal Planning Improve Organizational Performance?
- What Do Managers Need to Know About Strategic Management?
- What Is Strategic Management?
- Why Is Strategic Management Important?
- What Are the Steps in the Strategic Management Process?
- What Strategies Do Managers Use?
- Corporate Strategy
- Competitive Strategy
- Functional Strategy
- What Strategic Weapons Do Managers Have?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today’sWorkplace
- How Do Managers Set Goals and Develop Plans?
- What Types of Goals Do Organizations Have and How Do They SetThose Goals?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Types of Plans Do Managers Use and How Do They Develop Those Plans?
- What Contemporary Planning Issues Do Managers Face?
- How Can Managers Plan Effectively in Dynamic Environments and in Crisis Situations?
- How Can Managers Use Environmental Scanning?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Using Social Media for Environmental Scanning
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Being A Good Goal Setter
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Fast Fashion
- Case Application #2—Mapping a New Direction
- Case Application #3—Using Tech to Sell Pizza
- Discussion Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 7 Structuring and Designing Organizations
- What Are the Six Key Elements in Organizational Design?
- 1 What Is Work Specialization?
- 2 What Is Departmentalization?
- 3 What Are Authority and Responsibility?
- 4 What Is Span of Control?
- 5 How Do Centralization and Decentralization Differ?
- 6 What Is Formalization?
- What Contingency Variables Affect Structural Choice?
- Mechanistic or Organic
- Strategy → Structure
- Size → Structure
- Technology → Structure
- Environment → Structure
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Are Some Common Organizational Designs?
- What Traditional Organizational Designs Can Managers Use?
- What Contemporary Organizational Designs Can Managers Use?
- What Are Today’s Organizational Design Challenges?
- How Do You Keep Employees Connected?
- How Do Global Differences Affect Organizational Structure?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today'sWorkplace
- How Do You Build a Learning Organization?
- How Can Managers Design Efficient and Effective Flexible Work Arrangements?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace The Changing World of Work
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Increasing Your Power
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Turbulence At United Air
- Case Application #2—Lift Off
- Case Application #3—A New Kind Of Structure
- Endnotes
- What Are the Six Key Elements in Organizational Design?
- What Is the Human Resource Management Process and What Influences It?
- What Is the Legal Environment of Hrm?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- How Do Managers Identify and Select Competent Employees?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today'sWorkplace
- 1 What Is Employment Planning?
- 2a How Do Organizations Recruit Employees?
- 2b How Does a Manager Handle Layoffs?
- 3 How Do Managers Select Job Applicants?
- How Are Employees Provided with Needed Skills and Knowledge?
- How Are New Hires Introduced to the Organization?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Social and Digital Hr
- What Is Employee Training?
- Keeping Great People: Two Ways Organizations Do This
- Performance Management System
- Compensating Employees: Pay and Benefits
- What Contemporary Hrm Issues Face Managers?
- How Can Managers Manage Downsizing?
- What Is Sexual Harassment?
- How Are Organizations and Managers Adapting to a Changing Workforce?
- How Can Workforce Diversity and Inclusion Be Managed?
- What Is Workforce Diversity?
- What Types of Diversity Are Found in Workplaces?
- How Does Workforce Diversity and Inclusion Affect Hrm?
- What About Inclusion?
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary By Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Providing Good Feedback
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Race Relations
- Case Application #2—Résumé Regrets
- Case Application #3—Spotting Talent
- Endnotes
- Professionalism Module: Professionalism and Employability
- What Is Professionalism?
- How Can I Show My Professionalism?
- How Can I Have a Successful Career?
- Assess Your Personal Strengths and Weaknesses
- Identify Market Opportunities
- Take Responsibility for Managing Your Own Career
- Develop Your Interpersonal Skills
- Practice Makes Perfect
- Stay Up to Date
- Network
- Stay Visible
- Seek a Mentor
- Leverage Your Competitive Advantage
- Don’t Shun Risks
- It’s Ok to Change Jobs
- Opportunities, Preparation, and Luck = Success
- Endnotes
- What Is a Group and What Stages of Development Do Groups Go Through?
- What Is a Group?
- What Are the Stages of Group Development?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today’s Workplace
- 5 Major Concepts Of Group Behavior
- 1 Roles
- 2a Norms
- 2b Conformity
- 3 Status Systems
- 4 Group Size
- 5 Group Cohesiveness
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- How Are Groups Turned into Effective Teams?
- Are Work Groups and Work Teams the Same?
- What Are the Different Types of Work Teams?
- What Makes a Team Effective?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Keeping Connected: It and Teams
- How Can a Manager Shape Team Behavior?
- What Current Issues Do Managers Face in Managing Teams?
- What’s Involved with Managing Global Teams?
- When Are Teams Not the Answer?
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Developing Your Coaching Skills
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Rx: Teamwork
- Case Application #2—Building Better Software Build Teams
- Case Application #3— Employees Managing Themselves—Good Idea Or Not?
- Endnotes
- Chapter 10 Understanding Individual Behavior
- What Are the Focus and Goals of Organizational Behavior?
- What Is the Focus of Ob?
- What Are the Goals of Organizational Behavior?
- What Role Do Attitudes Play in Job Performance?
- What Are the Three Components of an Attitude?
- What Attitudes Might Employees Hold?
- Do Individuals’ Attitudes and Behaviors Need to Be Consistent?
- What Is Cognitive Dissonance Theory?
- Making Ethical Decisions inToday’s Workplace
- How Can an Understanding of Attitudes Help Managers Be More Effective?
- What Do Managers Need to Know About Personality?
- How Can We Best Describe Personality?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Increased Reliance on Emotional Intelligence
- Can Personality Traits Predict Practical Work-related Behaviors?
- How Do We Match Personalities and Jobs?
- Do Personality Attributes Differ Across Cultures?
- How Can an Understanding of Personality Help Managers Be More Effective?
- What Is Perception and What Influences It?
- What Influences Perception?
- How Do Managers Judge Employees?
- How Can an Understanding of Perception Help Managers Be More Effective?
- How Do Learning Theories Explain Behavior?
- Operant conditioning
- Social learning theory
- Shaping Behavior
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Contemporary Ob Issues Face Managers?
- How Do Generational Differences Affect the Workplace?
- How Do Managers Deal with Negative Behavior in the Workplace?
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder | Understanding Employee Emotions
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Alibaba: Motivation for the Long Haul
- Case Application #2 —Putting Customers Second
- Case Application #3—Adobe’s Advantage
- Discussion Questions
- Endnotes
- What Are the Focus and Goals of Organizational Behavior?
- What Is Motivation?
- 4 Early Theories Of Motivation (1950s & 1960s)
- 1 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory
- 2 McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
- 3 Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
- 4 McClelland’s Three-Needs Theory
- How Do the Contemporary Theories Explain Motivation?
- What Is Goal-setting Theory?
- How Does Job Design Influence Motivation?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Is Equity Theory?
- How Does Expectancy Theory Explain Motivation?
- How Can We Integrate Contemporary Motivation Theories?
- What Current Motivation Issues Do Managers Face?
- How Can Managers Motivate Employees When the Economy Stinks?
- How Does Country Culture Affect Motivation Efforts?
- How Can Managers Motivate Unique Groups of Workers?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today’sWorkplace
- How Can Managers Design Appropriate Rewards Programs?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Individualized Rewards
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Being a Good Motivator
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—One for the Money . . .
- Case Application #2—Unlimited Vacation Time? Really?
- Case Application #3—Passionate Pursuits
- Endnotes
- Who Are Leaders, and What Is Leadership?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Do Early Leadership Theories Tell Us About Leadership?
- The Leader What Traits Do Leaders Have?
- The Behaviors What Behaviors Do Leaders Exhibit?
- University Of Iowa
- Ohio State
- University Of Michigan
- Managerial Grid
- What Do the Contingency Theories of Leadership Tell Us?
- What Was the First Comprehensive Contingency Model?
- How Do Followers’ Willingness and Ability Influence Leaders?
- How Participative Should a Leader Be?
- How Do Leaders Help Followers?
- What Is Leadership Like Today?
- What Do the Four Contemporary Views of Leadership Tell Us?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today’sWorkplace
- What Issues Do Today’s Leaders Face?
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Virtual Leadership
- Why Is Trust the Essence of Leadership?
- A Final Thought Regarding Leadership
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Being A Good Leader
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—“Success Theater” at General Electric
- Case Application #2—Developing Gen Y Leaders
- Case Application #3—Investing in Leadership
- Endnotes
- How Do Managers Communicate Effectively?
- How Does the Communication Process Work?
- Are Written Communications More Effective Than Verbal Ones?
- Is the Grapevine an Effective Way to Communicate?
- How Do Nonverbal Cues Affect Communication?
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- What Barriers Keep Communication from Being Effective?
- How Can Managers Overcome Communication Barriers?
- Technology And Managerial Communication
- Networked Communication
- Mobile Communication
- Managing Technology in Today’s Workplace Office of Tomorrow
- What Communication Issues Do Managers Face Today?
- How Do We Manage Communication in an Internet World?
- How Does Knowledge Management Affect Communication?
- What Role Does Communication Play in Customer Service?
- How Can We Get Employee Input and Why Should We?
- Making Ethical Decisions in Today’sWorkplace
- How Do We Have Civil Conversations in the Workplace?
- How Does Workplace Design Affect Communication?
- Why Should Managers Be Concerned with Communicating Ethically?
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Being A Good Listener
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—#AthletesusingTwitter
- Case Application #2—Banning E-Mail. Banning Voice Mail.
- Case Application #3—Using Social Media for Workplace Communication
- Endnotes
- 14 Controlling Work and Organizational Processes
- What Is Control and Why Is It Important?
- What Is Control?
- Why Is Control Important?
- What Takes Place as Managers Control?
- 1 What Is Measuring?
- Making Ethical Decisions inToday’s Workplace
- Classic Concepts in Today’s Workplace
- 2 How Do Managers Compare Actual Performance to Planned Goals?
- 3 What Managerial Action Can Be Taken?
- What Should Managers Control?
- When Does Control Take Place?
- Keeping Track: What Gets Controlled?
- Keeping Track of An Organization’s Finances
- Keeping Track of Organization’s Information
- Keeping Track of Employee Performance
- Keeping Track Using a Balanced Scorecard Approach
- What Contemporary Control Issues Do Managers Confront?
- Do Controls Need to Be Adjusted for Cultural Differences?
- Managing Technology In Today’s Workplace Monitoring Employees
- What Challenges Do Managers Face in Controlling the Workplace?
- Knowing: Getting Ready for Exams and Quizzes
- Chapter Summary by Learning Outcome
- Discussion Questions
- Applying: Getting Ready for the Workplace
- Management Skill Builder Disciplining Difficult Employees
- Experiential Exercise
- Case Application #1—Healthyfast Food?
- Case Application #2—If You Can’t Say Something Nice, Don’t Say Anything At All
- Case Application #3—Goals And Controls
- Endnotes
- What Is Control and Why Is It Important?
- What Do I Need to Know About Operations Management?
- What Is Operations Management?
- 1 How Do Service and Manufacturing Firms Differ?
- 2 How Do Businesses Improve Productivity?
- 3 What Role Does Operations Management Play in a Company’s Strategy?
- What Is Value Chain Management and Why Is It Important?
- What Is Value Chain Management?
- What Are the Goals of Value Chain Management?
- How Does Value Chain Management Benefit Businesses?
- How Is Value Chain Management Done?
- What Are the Requirements for Successful Value Chain Management?
- What Are the Obstacles to Value Chain Management?
- What Contemporary Issues Do Managers Face in Managing Operations?
- 1 What Role Does Technology Play in Operations Management?
- 2 How Do Managers Control Quality?
- 3 How Are Projects Managed?
- Final Thoughts on Managing Operations
- Endnotes
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- Gerð : 208
- Höfundur : 9606
- Útgáfuár : 2019
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