Efnisyfirlit

• PREFACE
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• INTRODUCTION The Wide World of Psychomythology
• 1 BRAIN POWER Myths about the Brain and Perception
  • Myth # 1 Most People Use Only 10% of Their Brain Power
  • Myth # 2 Some People Are Left-Brained, Others Are Right-Brained
  • Myth # 3 Extrasensory Perception (ESP) Is a Well-Established Scientific Phenomenon
  • Myth # 4 Visual Perceptions Are Accompanied by Tiny Emissions from the Eyes
  • Myth # 5 Subliminal Messages Can Persuade People to Purchase Products
• 2 FROM WOMBTO TOMB Myths aboutDevelopment and Aging
  • Myth # 6 Playing Mozart's Music to Infants Boosts Their Intelligence
  • Myth # 7 Adolescence Is Inevitably a Time of Psychological Turmoil
  • Myth # 8 Most People Experience a Midlife Crisis in Their 40s or Early 50s
  • Myth # 9 Old Age Is Typically Associated with Increased Dissatisfaction and Senility
  • Myth # 10 When Dying, People Pass through a Universal Series of Psychological Stages
• 3 A REMEMBRANCEOF THINGS PAST Myths about Memory
  • Myth # 11 Human Memory Works like a Tape Recorder or Video Camera, and Accurately Records the Events
  • Myth # 12 Hypnosis Is Useful for Retrieving Memories of Forgotten Events
  • Myth # 13 Individuals Commonly Repress the Memories of Traumatic Experiences
  • Myth # 14 Most People with Amnesia Forget All Details of Their Earlier Lives
• 4 TEACHING OLDDOGS NEW TRICKSMyths about Intelligenceand Learning
  • Myth # 15 Intelligence (IQ) Tests Are Biased against Certain Groups of People
  • Myth # 16 If You're Unsure of Your Answer When Taking a Test, It's Best to Stick with YourInitial Hu
  • Myth # 17 The Defining Feature of Dyslexia Is Reversing Letters
  • Myth # 18 Students Learn Best When Teaching Styles Are Matched to Their Learning Styles
• 5 ALTERED STATESMyths aboutConsciousness
  • Myth # 19 Hypnosis Is a Unique "Trance" State that Differs in Kind from Wakefulness
  • Myth # 20 Researchers Have Demonstrated that Dreams Possess Symbolic Meaning
  • Myth # 21 People Can Learn Information, like New Languages, while Asleep
  • Myth # 22 During "Out-of-Body" Experiences, People's Consciousness Leaves Their Bodies
• 6 I'VE GOT AFEELINGMyths about Emotionand Motivation
  • Myth # 23 The Polygraph ("ie Detector") Test Is an Accurate Means of Detecting Dishonesty
  • Myth # 24 Happiness Is Determined Mostly by Our External Circumstances
  • Myth # 25 Ulcers Are Caused Primarily or Entirely by Stress
  • Myth # 26 A Positive Attitude Can Stave off Cancer
• 7 THE SOCIALANIMALMyths aboutInterpersonal Behavior
  • Myth # 27 Opposites Attract: We Are Most Romantically Attracted to People Who Differ from Us
  • Myth # 28 There's Safety in Numbers: The More People Present at an Emergency, the Greater the Chance
  • Myth # 29 Men and Women Communicate in Completely Different Ways
  • Myth # 30 It's Better to Express Anger to Others than to Hold It in
• 8 KNOW THYSELFMyths about Personality
  • Myth # 31 Raising Children Similarly Leads to Similarities in Their Adult Personalities
  • Myth # 32 The Fact that a Trait Is Heritable Means We Can't Change It
  • Myth # 33 Low Self-Esteem Is a Major Cause of Psychological Problems
  • Myth # 34 Most People Who Were Sexually Abused in Childhood Develop Severe Personality Disturbances
  • Myth # 35 People's Responses to Inkblots Tell Us a Great Deal about Their Personalities
  • Myth # 36 Our Handwriting Reveals Our Personality Traits
• 9 SAD, MAD,AND BAD Myths about MentalIllness
  • Myth # 37 Psychiatric Labels Cause Harm byStigmatizing People
  • Myth # 38 Only Deeply Depressed People Commit Suicide
  • Myth # 39 People with Schizophrenia Have Multiple Personalities
  • Myth # 40 Adult Children of Alcoholics Display a Distinctive Profile of Symptoms
  • Myth # 41 There’s Recently Been a Massive Epidemic of Infantile Autism
  • Myth # 42 Psychiatric Hospital Admissions and Crimes Increase during Full Moons
• 10 DISORDER INTHE COURT Myths aboutPsychology andthe Law
  • Myth # 43 Most Mentally Ill People Are Violent
  • Myth # 44 Criminal Profiling Is Helpful in Solving Cases
  • Myth # 45 A Large Proportion of Criminals Successfully Use the Insanity Defense
  • Myth # 46 Virtually All People Who Confess to a Crime Are Guilty of It
• 11 SKILLS ANDPILLSMyths aboutPsychologicalTreatment
  • Myth # 47 Expert Judgment and Intuition Are the Best Means of Making Clinical Decisions
  • Myth # 48 Abstinence Is the Only Realistic Treatment Goal for Alcoholics
  • Myth # 49 All Effective Psychotherapies Force People to Confront the "Root" Causes of Their Problems
  • Myth # 50 Electroconvulsive ("Shock") Therapy Is a Physically Dangerous and Brutal Treatment
• POSTSCRIPTTruth is Strangerthan Fiction
• APPENDIXRecommendedWebsites for ExploringPsychomythology
• REFERENCES
• INDEX

UM RAFBÆKUR Á HEIMKAUP.IS

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