Efnisyfirlit

• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Dedication
• About the Authors
• Contents in Brief
• Contents
• Maps
• Primary-Source Features
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Pedagogy and Features
• 1 - Origins: The Near East, Egypt, and Greece, 12,000–600 BCE
  • The Near East to the Bronze Age Crisis
  • Life and Death in Egypt (3000–332 BCE)
  • The Near East: Great Powers and a Distinctive People (1100–330 BCE)
  • The Emergence of Greece: Building a Culture (2700–600 BCE)
  • Conclusion
• 2 - “The School of Greece”: Greek Politics, Society, and Culture, 600–400 BCE
  • Athenian Democracy: The Foundations
  • Athens and the Persian Wars (490–479 BCE)
  • The Peloponnesian War (431–404 BCE)
  • The Athenian Experiment (490–406 BCE)
  • Athenian Society
  • Athenian Culture: Mastering the World
  • Conclusion
• 3 - From Classical Greece to the Hellenistic World: Cultures in Contact, 400–30 BCE
  • New Ways of Understanding the World
  • The Transformation of Greece in the Fourth Century BCE
  • Alexander the Great: The World Transformed
  • The Hellenistic Monarchies (305–30 BCE)
  • Hellenistic Society
  • A Cosmopolitan Culture
  • Conversations Across Cultures
  • The Jews in the Hellenistic World
  • Conclusion
• 4 - Rome: Monarchy, Republic, and the Transition to Empire, 1000 BCE–14 CE
  • Origins (1000–509 BCE)
  • The Early Republic (509–146 BCE)
  • The Wars with Carthage
  • The Expanding Republic: Culture and Society
  • The Republic in Flux: Economic and Social Change (218–180 BCE)
  • The Crisis of the Republic (133–31 BCE)
  • Augustus: Building An Empire (31 BCE–14 CE)
  • Conclusion
• 5 - The Roman Empire and the Rise of Christianity 14–312 CE
  • The Early Empire (14–96 CE)
  • The Empire At Its Height
  • The Jews of Imperial Rome
  • The Life and Death of Jesus
  • Early Christianity
  • New Scriptures
  • The Developing Church
  • Instability in the Empire (180–312)
  • Conclusion
• 6 - The Late Roman Empire and the Consolidation of the Church 312–476
  • Constantine and Christianity
  • The Empire Recast: From Constantine to Theodosius I (312–395)
  • The Empire in Reverse
  • A Dynamic Culture: Competing Beliefs and Rival Philosophies
  • Forging a New Christian Culture
  • Christianity: New Sources of Strength
  • Imperial Authority Under Threat (Mid-4th–Mid-5th Centuries)
  • The Emergence of the Latin Church: Jerome and Augustine
  • The Fall of Rome (5th–6th Centuries)
  • Conclusion
• 7 - Between Worlds: Late Antiquity and the Making of the Middle Ages, 476–900
  • Byzantium: East Rome Transformed (527–630)
  • The Origins of Islam (600–650)
  • Islam and Byzantium: Cultural Adaptation (7th–10th Centuries)
  • The West in Late Antiquity (475–843)
  • Conclusion
• 8 - Europe Revived 900–1200
  • The Social Orders
  • The Reemergence of Cities (900–1200)
  • The Medieval State
  • The Medieval Church
  • New Directions in Medieval Culture
  • Conclusion
• 9 - Consolidation and Crisis: The High Middle Ages 1200–1400
  • Transforming City and Countryside
  • Transforming the State
  • Transforming the Church
  • The Medieval World in Crisis (1238–1382)
  • Conclusion
• 10 - Renaissance Europe: A World Transformed, 1400–1500
  • Renaissance States
  • Christianity: Crisis and Reform
  • Europe Expands: New Technologies and Their Consequences
  • Discovery: A New World
  • Rediscovery: Renaissance Culture
  • Conclusion
• 11 - Reformations: Protestant and Catholic, 1500–1600
  • Martin Luther and the Culture of Church Reform
  • The Reformation Movement
  • Churches and Monarchs: A Changing Balance
  • Renewing Catholicism
  • Rethinking the Natural World
  • War Across the Continent
  • A Time of Darkness
  • Conclusion
• 12 - Things Fall Apart: A Continent in Crisis, 1600–1640
  • Economic Change
  • European Expansion in the Atlantic
  • States Under Pressure
  • A New Social Dynamic in Religion
  • Civil Strife
  • The Thirty Years’ War
  • War and Absolutism
  • Royal Power and Culture
  • Conclusion
• 13 - Ordering the World: New Forms of Authority and Knowledge 1640–1680
  • The Civil Wars in the British Isles (1639–1649)
  • The Continental Civil Wars
  • Religious Questioning
  • Order Through Reason
  • Making Peace: Constructing a New International Order After the Thirty Years’ War
  • The Absolutist States
  • The Mercantile States
  • Conclusion
• 14 - From Court to City: Emerging Cultures, 1680–1740
  • Intolerance Intensified
  • The Glorious Revolution and Its Consequences
  • Absolutism At Its Height
  • The Conduct of War
  • War and the Balance of Power (1680–1721)
  • An Atlantic World
  • City Life and Culture
  • A Revolution in Thought
  • Conclusion
• 15 - Enlightenment: Challenging the Prevailing Order 1740–1780
  • Economic Change
  • Warfare Turned Global
  • A Cultural Transformation
  • Religious Change
  • The Enlightenment At Its Height
  • The Politics of Enlightenment
  • Conclusion
• 16 - Revolution: Liberty and Terror, 1780–1799
  • The Origins of the French Revolution
  • The Revolution Begins (1788–1789)
  • Radicalization (1789–1792)
  • The Birth of the First French Republic (1792–1793)
  • The Reign of Terror (1793–1794)
  • The Directory and Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte (1795–1799)
  • Conclusion
• 17 - The Age of Napoleon: Empire and Resistance, 1799–1820
  • Napoleon Bonaparte in Power (1799–1804)
  • The Conquest of Europe (1804–1807)
  • The Empire Contested (1807–1814)
  • Europe in the Era of Napoleon
  • Napoleon’s Downfall (1812–1815)
  • The Congress of Vienna (1814–1815)
  • Post-Napoleonic Europe
  • Conclusion
• 18 - Acceleration: The Age of Industry, 1820–1845
  • The Industrial Revolution
  • Social Change and the Middle Classes
  • The Industrial Lower Classes
  • Religious Reform and Romantic Culture
  • New Political Patterns
  • Repression and Reform
  • The New International Order and Nationalism
  • Conclusion
• 19 - Growing Pains: Social and Political Upheavals, 1845–1880
  • The Revolutions of 1848
  • Britain’s Ascendance
  • Power Politics
  • Economic Growth and Social Change
  • Culture and Class Wars
  • Conclusion
• 20 - Apogee: Imperial Rivalry and Global Power, 1880–1910
  • Accelerating Social Change
  • Liberalism At Bay
  • International Rivalry and the New Imperialism
  • Modernism Rising
  • Conclusion
• 21 - Things Blow Up: World War I and the Russian Revolution, 1910–1922
  • Origins
  • Into the Abyss (1914–1915)
  • Toward Total War
  • Breaking Points (1916–1917)
  • The Beginning of the Russian Revolution
  • The War’s End
  • Conclusion
• 22 - Ideologies: The Triumph of Political Extremes, 1922–1940
  • A Blighted Recovery
  • Modernist Culture and Society
  • A Fragile Order
  • The Colonial Empires
  • Totalitarian Dictatorships
  • The Coming of World War II
  • Conclusion
• 23 - The Abyss: World War II and the Holocaust, 1940–1945
  • From Blitzkrieg to the Battle of Britain
  • Occupied Europe
  • Barbarossa
  • Crucial Points
  • Holocaust
  • Total War
  • Home Fronts
  • Liberation
  • A Violent Conclusion
  • Conclusion
• 24 - Recovery and Cold War: Rebuilding a Divided Continent, 1945–1973
  • The Aftermath of War
  • Rebuilding
  • Cold War
  • Decolonization: The First Steps
  • Post-War Prosperity
  • Political Stabilization
  • Decolonization and Political Change
  • Shifting Cold War Dynamics
  • The Decade of Youth Revolt
  • Conclusion
• 25 - Reunion: European Unification and the End of the Cold War, 1973–1999
  • Seasons of Discontent
  • Shifts in the Post-War Social Consensus
  • External and Internal Pressures On the Eastern Bloc
  • The Collapse of Communism
  • The End of the Soviet Empire
  • The New Balkan Wars
  • Connections
  • Conclusion
• 26 - Under Pressure: Europe’s Uncertain Present, Since 2000
  • Terrorism and War
  • European Construction and Its Discontents
  • The Great Recession and the Eurozone Crisis
  • Conflict in the Former Soviet Union
  • A Rising Illiberalism
  • From Friction To Violence: Europe and Islam
  • Conclusion: The Present Moment in Historical Perspective
• Further Reading
• Glossary
• Text Credits
• Photo Credits
• Index

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