Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Half Title
• Subvention
• Frontispiece
• Title
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contents
• Contents of the Guide
• Contents of the Principia
• Preface
• A Guide to Newton's Principia
  • Abbreviations
  • Chapter One: A Brief History of the Principia
    • 1.1 The Origins of the Principia
    • 1.2 Steps Leading to the Composition and Publication of the Principia
    • 1.3 Revisions and Later Editions
  • Chapter Two: Translating the Principia
    • 2.1 Translations of the Principia: English Versions by Andrew Motte (1729), Henry Pemberton (1729-?), and Thomas Thorp (1777)
    • 2.2 Motte's English Translation
    • 2.3 The Motte-Cajori Version; The Need for a New Translation
    • 2.4 A Problem in Translation: Passive or Active Voice in Book 1, Secs. 2 and 3; The Sense of "Acta" in Book 1, Prop. 1
    • 2.5 "Continuous" versus "Continual"; The Problem of "Infinite"
  • Chapter Three: Some General Aspects of the Principia
    • 3.1 The Title of Newton's Principia; The Influence of Descartes
    • 3.2 Newton's Goals: An Unpublished Preface to the Principia
    • 3.3 Varieties of Newton's Concepts of Force in the Principia
    • 3.4 The Reorientation of Newton's Philosophy of Nature; Alchemy and the Principia
    • 3.5 The Reality of Forces of Attraction; The Newtonian Style
    • 3.6 Did Newton Make the Famous Moon Test of the Theory of Gravity in the 1660s?
    • 3.7 The Continuity in Newton's Methods of Studying Orbital Motion: The Three Approximations (Polygonal, Parabolic, Circular)
    • 3.8 Hooke's Contribution to Newton's Thinking about Orbital Motion
    • 3.9 Newton's Curvature Measure of Force: New Findings (by Michael Nauenberg)
    • 3.10 Newton's Use of "Centrifugal Force" in the Principia
  • Chapter Four: Some Fundamental Concepts of the Principia
    • 4.1 Newton's Definitions
    • 4.2 Quantity of Matter: Mass (Def. 1)
    • 4.3 Is Newton's Definition of Mass Circular?
    • 4.4 Newton's Determination of Masses
    • 4.5 Newton's Concept of Density
    • 4.6 Quantity of Motion: Momentum (Def. 2)
    • 4.7 "Vis Insita": Inherent Force and the Force of Inertia (Def. 3)
    • 4.8 Newton's Acquaintance with "Vis Insita" and "Inertia"
    • 4.9 Impressed Force; Anticipations of Laws of Motion (Def. 4)
    • 4.10 Centripetal Force and Its Three Measures (Defs. 5, 6-8)
    • 4.11 Time and Space in the Principia; Newton's Concept of Absolute and Relative Space and Time and of Absolute Motion; The Rotating-Bucket Experiment
  • Chapter Five: Axioms, or the Laws of Motion
    • 5.1 Newton's Laws of Motion or Laws of Nature
    • 5.2 The First Law; Why Both a First Law and a Second Law?
    • 5.3 The Second Law: Force and Change in Motion
    • 5.4 From Impulsive Forces to Continually Acting Forces: Book 1, Prop. 1; Is the Principia Written in the Manner of Greek Geometry?
    • 5.5 The Third Law: Action and Reaction
    • 5.6 Corollaries and Scholium: The Parallelogram Rule, Simple Machines, Elastic and Inelastic Impact
    • 5.7 Does the Concept of Energy and Its Conservation Appear in the Principia?
    • 5.8 Methods of Proof versus Method of Discovery; The "New Analysis" and Newton's Allegations about How the Principia Was Produced; The Use of Fluxions in the Principia
  • Chapter Six: The Structure of Book 1
    • 6.1 The General Structure of the Principia
    • 6.2 Sec. 1: First and Ultimate Ratios
    • 6.3 Secs. 2-3: The Law of Areas, Circular Motion, Newton's Dynamical Measure of Force; The Centripetal Force in Motion on an Ellipse, on a Hyperbola, and on a Parabola
    • 6.4 The Inverse Problem: The Orbit Produced by an Inverse-Square Centripetal Force
    • 6.5 Secs. 4-5: The Geometry of Conics
    • 6.6 Problems of Elliptical Motion (Sec. 6); Kepler's Problem
    • 6.7 The Rectilinear Ascent and Descent of Bodies (Sec. 7)
    • 6.8 Motion under the Action of Any Centripetal Forces (Sec. 8); Prop. 41
    • 6.9 Specifying the Initial Velocity in Prop. 41; The Galileo-Plato Problem
    • 6.10 Moving Orbits (Sec. 9) and Motions on Smooth Planes and Surfaces (Sec. 10)
    • 6.11 The Mutual Attractions of Bodies (Sec. 11) and the Newtonian Style
    • 6.12 Sec. 11: The Theory of Perturbations (Prop. 66 and Its Twenty-Two Corollaries)
    • 6.13 Sec. 12 (Some Aspects of the Dynamics of Spherical Bodies); Sec. 13 (The Attraction of Nonspherical Bodies); Sec. 14 (The Motion of "Minimally Small" Bodies)
  • Chapter Seven: The Structure of Book 2
    • 7.1 Some Aspects of Book 2
    • 7.2 Secs. 1, 2, and 3 of Book 2: Motion under Various Conditions of Resistance
    • 7.3 Problems with Prop. 10
    • 7.4 Problems with the Diagram for the Scholium to Prop. 10
    • 7.5 Secs. 4 and 5: Definition of a Fluid; Newton on Boyle's Law; The Definition of "Simple Pendulum"
    • 7.6 Secs. 6 and 7: The Motion of Pendulums and the Resistance of Fluids to the Motions of Pendulums and Projectiles; A General Scholium (Experiments on Resistance to Motion)
    • 7.7 The Solid of Least Resistance; The Design of Ships; The Efflux of Water
    • 7.8 Sec. 8: Wave Motion and the Motion of Sound
    • 7.9 The Physics of Vortices (Sec. 9, Props. 51—53); Vortices Shown to Be Inconsistent with Keplerian Planetary Motion
    • 7.10 Another Way of Considering Book 2: Some Achievements of Book 2 (by George E. Smith)
  • Chapter Eight: The Structure of Book 3
    • 8.1 The Structure of Book 3
    • 8.2 From Hypotheses to Rules and Phenomena
    • 8.3 Newton's "Rules for Natural Philosophy"
    • 8.4 Newton's "Phenomena"
    • 8.5 Newton's Hyp. 3
    • 8.6 Props. 1-5: The Principles of Motion of Planets and of Their Satellites; The First Moon Test
    • 8.7 Jupiter's Perturbation of Saturn as Evidence for Universal Gravity
    • 8.8 Planetary Perturbations: The Interaction of Jupiter and Saturn (by George E. Smith)
    • 8.9 Props. 6 and 7: Mass and Weight
    • 8.10 Prop. 8 and Its Corollaries (The Masses and Densities of the Sun, Jupiter, Saturn, and the Earth)
    • 8.11 Props. 9-20: The Force of Gravity within Planets, the Duration of the Solar System, the Effects of the Inverse-Square Force of Gravity (Further Aspects of Gravity and the System of the World): Newton's Hyp. 1
    • 8.12 Prop. 24: Theory of the Tides; The First Enunciation of the Principle of Interference
    • 8.13 Props. 36-38: The Tidal Force of the Sun and the Moon; The Mass and Density (and Dimensions) of the Moon
    • 8.14 Props. 22, 25-35: The Motion of the Moon
    • 8.15 Newton and the Problem of the Moon's Motion (by George E. Smith)
    • 8.16 The Motion of the Lunar Apsis (by George E. Smith)
    • 8.17 Prop. 39: The Shape of the Earth and the Precession of the Equinoxes
    • 8.18 Comets (The Concluding Portion of Book 3)
  • Chapter Nine: The Concluding General Scholium
    • 9.1 The General Scholium: "Hypotheses non fingo"
    • 9.2 "Satis est": Is It Enough?
    • 9.3 Newton's "Electric and Elastic" Spirit
    • 9.4 A Gloss on Newton's "Electric and Elastic" Spirit: An Electrical Conclusion to the Principia
  • Chapter Ten: How to Read the Principia
    • 10.1 Some Useful Commentaries and Reference Works; Newton's Directions for Reading the Principia
    • 10.2 Some Features of Our Translation; A Note on the Diagrams
    • 10.3 Some Technical Terms and Special Translations (including Newton's Use of "Rectangle" and "Solid")
    • 10.4 Some Trigonometric Terms ("Sine," "Cosine," "Tangent," "Versed Sine" and "Sagitta," "Subtense," "Subtangent"); "Ratio" versus "Proportion"; "Q.E.D.," "Q.E.F.," "Q.E.I.," and "Q.E.O."
    • 10.5 Newton's Way of Expressing Ratios and Proportions
    • 10.6 The Classic Ratios (as in Euclid's Elements, Book 5)
    • 10.7 Newton's Proofs; Limits and Quadratures; More on Fluxions in the Principia
    • 10.8 Example No. 1: Book 1, Prop. 6 (Newton's Dynamical Measure of Force), with Notes on Prop. 1 (A Centrally Directed Force Acting on a Body with Uniform Linear Motion Will Produce Motion according to the Law of Areas)
    • 10.9 Example No. 2: Book 1, Prop. 11 (The Direct Problem: Given an Ellipse, to Find the Force Directed toward a Focus)
    • 10.10 Example No. 3: A Theorem on Ellipses from the Theory of Conics, Needed for Book 1, Props. 10 and 11
    • 10.11 Example No. 4: Book 1, Prop. 32 (How Far a Body Will Fall under the Action of an Inverse-Square Force)
    • 10.12 Example No. 5: Book 1, Prop. 41 (To Find the Orbit in Which a Body Moves When Acted On by a Given Centripetal Force and Then to Find the Orbital Position at Any Specified Time)
    • 10.13 Example No. 6: Book 1, Lem. 29 (An Example of the Calculus or of Fluxions in Geometric Form)
    • 10.14 Example No. 7: Book 3, Prop. 19 (The Shape of the Earth)
    • 10.15 Example No. 8: A Theorem on the Variation of Weight with Latitude (from Book 3, Prop. 20)
    • 10.16 Example No. 9: Book 1, Prop. 66, Corol. 14, Needed for Book 3, Prop. 37, Corol. 3
    • 10.17 Newton's Numbers: The "Fudge Factor"
    • 10.18 Newton's Measures
    • 10.19 A Puzzle in Book 1, Prop. 66, Corol. 14 (by George E. Smith)
  • Chapter Eleven: Conclusion
  • Notes to the Guide
• The Principia
  • Halley's Ode to Newton
  • Newton's Preface to the First Edition
  • Newton's Preface to the Second Edition
  • Cotes's Preface to the Second Edition
  • Newton's Preface to the Third Edition
  • Definitions
  • Axioms, or The Laws of Motion
  • Book 1: The Motion of Bodies
    • Section 1
      • Lemma 1
      • Lemma 2
      • Lemma 3
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Lemma 4
        • Corollary
      • Lemma 5
      • Lemma 6
      • Lemma 7
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Lemma 8
        • Corollary
      • Lemma 9
      • Lemma 10
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
      • Scholium
      • Lemma 11
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
      • Scholium
    • Section 2
      • Proposition 1, Theorem 1
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
      • Proposition 2, Theorem 2
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 3 Theorem 3
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 4, Theorem 4
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 5, Problem 1
      • Proposition 6, Theorem 5
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
      • Proposition 7, Problem 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 8, Problem 3
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 9, Problem 4
      • Lemma 12
      • Proposition 10, Problem 5
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Scholium
    • Section 3
      • Proposition 11, Problem 6
      • Proposition 12, Problem 7
      • Lemma 13
      • Lemma 14
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 13, Problem 8
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 14, Theorem 6
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 15, Theorem 7
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 16, Theorem 8
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
      • Proposition 17, Problem 9
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Scholium
    • Section 4
      • Lemma 15
      • Proposition 18, Problem 10
      • Proposition 19, Problem 11
      • Proposition 20, Problem 12
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Case 4
      • Lemma 16
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
      • Proposition 21, Problem 13
      • Scholium
    • Section 5
      • Lemma 17
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
      • Lemma 18
        • Corollary
      • Scholium
      • Lemma 19
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Lemma 20
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Lemma 21
      • Proposition 22, Problem 14
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 23, Problem 15
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
      • Proposition 24, Problem 16
      • Lemma 22
      • Proposition 25, Problem 17
      • Proposition 26, Problem 18
      • Lemma 23
        • Corollary
      • Lemma 24
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Lemma 25
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 27, Problem 19
      • Scholium
      • Lemma 26
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 28, Problem 20
      • Lemma 27
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 29, Problem 21
      • Scholium
    • Section 6
      • Proposition 30, Problem 22
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Lemma 28
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 31, Problem 23
      • Scholium
    • Section 7
      • Proposition 32, Problem 24
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
      • Proposition 33, Theorem 9
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 34, Theorem 10
      • Proposition 35, Theorem 11
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
      • Proposition 36, Problem 25
      • Proposition 37, Problem 26
      • Proposition 38, Theorem 12
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 39, Problem 27
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
    • Section 8
      • Proposition 40, Theorem 13
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 41, Problem 28
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 42, Problem 29
    • Section 9
      • Proposition 43, Problem 30
      • Proposition 44, Theorem 14
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
      • Proposition 45, Problem 31
        • Example 1
        • Example 2
        • Example 3
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
    • Section 10
      • Proposition 46, Problem 32
      • Proposition 47, Theorem 15
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 48, Theorem 16
      • Proposition 49, Theorem 17
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 50, Problem 33
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 51, Theorem 18
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 52, Problem 34
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 53, Problem 35
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 54, Problem 36
      • Proposition 55, Theorem 19
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 56, Problem 37
    • Section 11
      • Proposition 57, Theorem 20
      • Proposition 58, Theorem 21
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 59, Theorem 22
      • Proposition 60, Theorem 23
      • Proposition 61, Theorem 24
      • Proposition 62, Problem 38
      • Proposition 63, Problem 39
      • Proposition 64, Problem 40
      • Proposition 65, Theorem 25
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 66, Theorem 26
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
        • Corollary 10
        • Corollary 11
        • Corollary 12
        • Corollary 13
        • Corollary 14
        • Corollary 15
        • Corollary 16
        • Corollary 17
        • Corollary 18
        • Corollary 19
        • Corollary 20
        • Corollary 21
        • Corollary 22
      • Proposition 67, Theorem 27
      • Proposition 68, Theorem 28
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 69, Theorem 29
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Scholium
    • Section 12
      • Proposition 70, Theorem 30
      • Proposition 71, Theorem 31
      • Proposition 72, Theorem 32
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 73, Theorem 33
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 74, Theorem 34
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 75, Theorem 35
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Proposition 76, Theorem 36
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
      • Proposition 77, Theorem 37
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Case 4
        • Case 5
        • Case 6
      • Proposition 78, Theorem 38
        • Corollary
      • Scholium
      • Lemma 29
      • Proposition 79, Theorem 39
      • Proposition 80, Theorem 40
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Proposition 81, Problem 41
        • Example 1
        • Example 2
        • Example 3
      • Proposition 82, Theorem 41
      • Proposition 83, Problem 42
      • Proposition 84, Problem 43
      • Scholium
    • Section 13
      • Proposition 85, Theorem 42
      • Proposition 86, Theorem 43
      • Proposition 87, Theorem 44
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 88, Theorem 45
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 89, Theorem 46
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 90, Problem 44
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 91, Problem 45
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 92, Problem 46
      • Proposition 93, Theorem 47
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Scholium
    • Section 14
      • Proposition 94, Theorem 48
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
      • Proposition 95, Theorem 49
      • Proposition 96, Theorem 50
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 97, Problem 47
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 98, Problem 48
      • Scholium
  • Book 2: The Motion of Bodies
    • Section 1
      • Proposition 1, Theorem 1
        • Corollary
      • Lemma 1
      • Proposition 2, Theorem 2
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 3, Problem 1
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Proposition 4, Problem 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
    • Section 2
      • Proposition 5, Theorem 3
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
      • Proposition 6, Theorem 4
      • Proposition 7, Theorem 5
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
      • Lemma 2
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Case 4
        • Case 5
        • Case 6
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 8, Theorem 6
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 9, Theorem 7
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
      • Proposition 10, Problem 3
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Example 1
        • Example 2
        • Example 3
        • Example 4
      • Scholium
        • Rule 1
        • Rule 2
        • Rule 3
        • Rule 4
        • Rule 5
        • Rule 6
        • Rule 7
        • Rule 8
    • Section 3
      • Proposition 11, Theorem 8
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 12, Theorem 9
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 13, Theorem 10
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Corollary
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 14, Theorem 11
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Corollary
      • Scholium
    • Section 4
      • Lemma 3
      • Proposition 15, Theorem 12
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
      • Proposition 16, Theorem 13
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 17, Problem 4
      • Proposition 18, Problem 5
    • Section 5
      • Definition of a Fluid
      • Proposition 19, Theorem 14
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Case 4
        • Case 5
        • Case 6
        • Case 7
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 20, Theorem 15
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
      • Proposition 21, Theorem 16
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 22, Theorem 17
        • Corollary
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 23, Theorem 18
      • Scholium
    • Section 6
      • Proposition 24, Theorem 19
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
      • Proposition 25, Theorem 20
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 26, Theorem 21
      • Proposition 27, Theorem 22
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 28, Theorem 23
      • Proposition 29, Problem 6
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 30, Theorem 24
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 31, Theorem 25
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
      • General Scholium
    • Section 7
      • Proposition 32, Theorem 26
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 33, Theorem 27
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
      • Proposition 34, Theorem 28
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 35, Problem 7
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 36, Problem 8
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Case 4
        • Case 5
        • Case 6
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
        • Corollary 10
      • Lemma 4
      • Proposition 37, Theorem 29
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Scholium
      • Lemma 5
      • Lemma 6
      • Lemma 7
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 38, Theorem 30
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Proposition 39, Theorem 31
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 40, Problem 9
      • Scholium
        • Experiment 1
        • Experiment 2
        • Experiment 3
        • Experiment 4
        • Experiment 5
        • Experiment 6
        • Experiment 7
        • Experiment 8
        • Experiment 9
        • Experiment 10
        • Experiment 11
        • Experiment 12
        • Experiment 13
        • Experiment 14
    • Section 8
      • Proposition 41, Theorem 32
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 42, Theorem 33
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
      • Proposition 43, Theorem 34
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 44, Theorem 35
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 45, Theorem 36
      • Proposition 46, Problem 10
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 47, Theorem 37
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 48, Theorem 38
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
      • Proposition 49, Problem 11
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 50, Problem 12
      • Scholium
    • Section 9
      • Hypothesis
      • Proposition 51, Theorem 39
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
      • Proposition 52, Theorem 40
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Case 3
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
        • Corollary 10
        • Corollary 11
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 53, Theorem 41
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Scholium
  • Book 3: The System of the World
    • Rules for the Study of Natural Philosophy
      • Rule 1
      • Rule 2
      • Rule 3
      • Rule 4
    • Phenomena
      • Phenomenon 1
      • Phenomenon 2
      • Phenomenon 3
      • Phenomenon 4
      • Phenomenon 5
      • Phenomenon 6
    • Propositions
      • Proposition 1, Theorem 1
      • Proposition 2, Theorem 2
      • Proposition 3, Theorem 3
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 4, Theorem 4
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 5, Theorem 5
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 6, Theorem 6
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
      • Proposition 7, Theorem 7
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 8, Theorem 8
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Proposition 9, Theorem 9
      • Proposition 10, Theorem 10
      • Hypothesis 1
      • Proposition 11, Theorem 11
      • Proposition 12, Theorem 12
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 13, Theorem 13
      • Proposition 14, Theorem 14
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 15, Problem 1
      • Proposition 16, Problem 2
      • Proposition 17, Theorem 15
      • Proposition 18, Theorem 16
      • Proposition 19, Problem 3
      • Proposition 20, Problem 4
      • Proposition 21, Theorem 17
      • Proposition 22, Theorem 18
      • Proposition 23, Problem 5
      • Proposition 24, Theorem 19
      • Proposition 25, Problem 6
      • Proposition 26, Problem 7
      • Proposition 27, Problem 8
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 28, Problem 9
      • Proposition 29, Problem 10
      • Proposition 30, Problem 11
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
      • Proposition 31, Problem 12
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 32, Problem 13
      • Proposition 33, Problem 14
        • Corollary
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 34, Problem 15
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Proposition 35, Problem 16
      • Scholium
      • Proposition 36, Problem 17
        • Corollary
      • Proposition 37, Problem 18
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
        • Corollary 5
        • Corollary 6
        • Corollary 7
        • Corollary 8
        • Corollary 9
        • Corollary 10
      • Proposition 38, Problem 19
        • Corollary
      • Lemma 1
      • Lemma 2
      • Lemma 3
      • Hypothesis 2
      • Proposition 39, Problem 20
      • Lemma 4
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
      • Proposition 40, Theorem 20
        • Corollary 1
        • Corollary 2
        • Corollary 3
        • Corollary 4
      • Lemma 5
        • Case 1
        • Case 2
        • Corollary
      • Lemma 6
      • Lemma 7
      • Lemma 8
        • Corollary
      • Scholium
      • Lemma 9
      • Lemma 10
        • Corollary
      • Lemma 11
      • Proposition 41, Problem 21
        • Example
      • Proposition 42, Problem 22
        • Operation 1
        • Operation 2
        • Operation 3
  • General Scholium
  • Notes to the Principia
• Notes Added in Second Printing
• Index

UM RAFBÆKUR Á HEIMKAUP.IS

Bókahillan þín er þitt svæði og þar eru bækurnar þínar geymdar. Þú kemst í bókahilluna þína hvar og hvenær sem er í tölvu eða snjalltæki. Einfalt og þægilegt!

Rafbók til eignar
Rafbók til eignar þarf að hlaða niður á þau tæki sem þú vilt nota innan eins árs frá því bókin er keypt.

Þú kemst í bækurnar hvar sem er
Þú getur nálgast allar raf(skóla)bækurnar þínar á einu augabragði, hvar og hvenær sem er í bókahillunni þinni. Engin taska, enginn kyndill og ekkert vesen (hvað þá yfirvigt).

Auðvelt að fletta og leita
Þú getur flakkað milli síðna og kafla eins og þér hentar best og farið beint í ákveðna kafla úr efnisyfirlitinu. Í leitinni finnur þú orð, kafla eða síður í einum smelli.

Glósur og yfirstrikanir
Þú getur auðkennt textabrot með mismunandi litum og skrifað glósur að vild í rafbókina. Þú getur jafnvel séð glósur og yfirstrikanir hjá bekkjarsystkinum og kennara ef þeir leyfa það. Allt á einum stað.

Hvað viltu sjá? / Þú ræður hvernig síðan lítur út
Þú lagar síðuna að þínum þörfum. Stækkaðu eða minnkaðu myndir og texta með multi-level zoom til að sjá síðuna eins og þér hentar best í þínu námi.



Fleiri góðir kostir
- Þú getur prentað síður úr bókinni (innan þeirra marka sem útgefandinn setur)
- Möguleiki á tengingu við annað stafrænt og gagnvirkt efni, svo sem myndbönd eða spurningar úr efninu
- Auðvelt að afrita og líma efni/texta fyrir t.d. heimaverkefni eða ritgerðir
- Styður tækni sem hjálpar nemendum með sjón- eða heyrnarskerðingu