The Life and Death of Ancient Cities
Lýsing:
The human race is on a 10,000 year urban adventure. Our ancestors wandered the planet or lived scattered in villages, yet by the end of this century almost all of us will live in cities. But that journey has not been a smooth one and urban civilizations have risen and fallen many times in history. The ruins of many of them still enchant us. This book tells the story of the rise and fall of ancient cities from the end of the Bronze Age to the beginning of the Middle Ages.
It is a tale of war and politics, pestilence and famine, triumph and tragedy, by turns both fabulous and squalid. Its focus is on the ancient Mediterranean: Greeks and Romans at the centre, but Phoenicians and Etruscans, Persians, Gauls, and Egyptians all play a part. The story begins with the Greek discovery of much more ancient urban civilizations in Egypt and the Near East, and charts the gradual spread of urbanism to the Atlantic and then the North Sea in the centuries that followed.
The ancient Mediterranean, where our story begins, was a harsh environment for urbanism. So how were cities first created, and then sustained for so long, in these apparently unpromising surroundings? How did they feed themselves, where did they find water and building materials, and what did they do with their waste and their dead? Why, in the end, did their rulers give up on them? And what it was like to inhabit urban worlds so unlike our own - cities plunged into darkness every night, cities dominated by the temples of the gods, cities of farmers, cities of slaves, cities of soldiers.
Ultimately, the chief characters in the story are the cities themselves. Athens and Sparta, Persepolis and Carthage, Rome and Alexandria: cities that formed great families. Their story encompasses the history of the generations of people who built and inhabited them, whose short lives left behind monuments that have inspired city builders ever since - and whose ruins stand as stark reminders to the 21st century of the perils as well as the potential rewards of an urban existence.
Annað
- Höfundur: Greg Woolf
- Útgáfudagur: 2020-07-17
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- Format:ePub
- ISBN 13: 9780191641824
- Print ISBN: 9780199664740
- ISBN 10: 0191641820
Efnisyfirlit
- Cover page
- Halftitle page
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Dedication page
- Contents
- List of Illustrations
- Figures
- Maps
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Part I: An Urban Animal
- 1. To the City
- The Long View
- The Mediterranean Story
- An Urban Mirage
- 2. Urban Apes
- The Great Disconnect
- Apes on the Move
- Accidentally Urban
- Urban Appetites
- Urban Bodies
- Urban Brains
- 3. Settling Down
- Into the Holocene
- From Foragers to Farmers
- Staying Put
- A World of Villages
- 4. Uruk
- Gilgamesh the King
- The King and the City
- The Uruk Phenomenon
- Why Uruk?
- 5. First Cities
- Where Cities Grew
- The Earliest Urban Experiments
- Inventions, Collapses, Reinventions
- What Were Early Cities Like?
- 6. Cities of Bronze
- Connected Cities
- A Bronze Age World-System
- Early Experiments
- The Expansion of Multispecies Societies
- The Bronze Age World-System Expands
- Europe and the Mediterranean in Late Prehistory
- 1. To the City
- 7. The First Mediterranean Cities
- A Sea in Fragments
- Farmers Moving West
- The Copper Island
- Crete and the Cyclades
- Mycenaean Greece
- Collapse
- Bronze Age Urbanisms in the Mediterranean World
- 8. Mariners and Chieftains
- Interlude
- Experiments
- The Kindness of Strangers
- The West Awakens
- 9. Western Pioneers
- A Different Road to Urbanism
- Cities of the Dead
- Etruscan Cities
- An Urban Network
- Myths of Origin
- The Early History of the Western Greeks
- The Contact Zone
- 10. A Greek Lake
- The Thirsty Greeks
- Dreams of the City
- The Widening Horizon
- Greeks and Others
- An Urban Mediterranean, a Greek Mediterranean
- 11. Networking the Mediterranean
- A Networked World
- Myths of the Net
- Information Exchange
- Cities of Stone
- 12. Cities, States, and Kings
- Getting Political
- Thinking It Through
- Kings
- Empire
- City-States and Kings
- 13. City and Empire
- A World in Pieces
- Tributary Empires in Western Eurasia
- Tyrant Cities
- Hegemonies
- 14. Europe Awakes
- Beyond the Mediterranean
- Hungry Cities
- Macedon
- Empire Resurgent
- 15. Cities of Marble
- Wandering the Ruins
- Civic Patriotism
- The Monuments of Athens
- Marbling the Med
- Urban Essentials
- All the City’s a Stage
- 16. Founding New Cities
- Classical Foundations
- Royal Founders
- Colonization Under the Roman Republic
- 17. Ruling Through Cities
- Garrison Cities
- The Triumph of the Polis
- Government Without Cities
- The City and Its Advantages
- 18. The Ecology of Roman Urbanism
- The Roman Urban Apogee
- An Unplanned Urban Civilization
- Urban Networks of the Roman World
- Counting Cities
- Urban Scale
- The Contours of Roman Urbanism
- Ecology and Urbanism
- 19. The Megalopoleis
- Cypresses Among Willows
- The Growth of Cities
- Building Megalopoleis
- Sustaining the Megalopolis
- Urban Risk
- Megalopolitan Societies
- 20. Postclassical
- The Network Changes
- Explaining Change
- Resilience and Legacy
- Mediterranean Antiquity, an Urban Episode
- A World Without Cities
- Early Urbanisms
- The Last and First Millennia in the Mediterranean and Ancient Near East
- Chapter 1
- Chapter 2
- Chapter 3
- Chapter 4
- Chapter 5
- Chapter 6
- Chapter 7
- Chapter 8
- Chapter 9
- Chapter 10
- Chapter 11
- Chapter 12
- Chapter 13
- Chapter 14
- Chapter 15
- Chapter 16
- Chapter 17
- Chapter 18
- Chapter 19
- Chapter 20
- Afterword
- Further Reading
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- Gerð : 208
- Höfundur : 16363
- Útgáfuár : 2020
- Leyfi : 380
