Race, Ethnicity, and Health: A Public Health Reader
Lýsing:
Race, Ethnicity and Health, Second Edition, is a new and critical selection of hallmark articles that address health disparities in America. It effectively documents the need for equal treatment and equal health status for minorities. Intended as a resource for faculty and students in public health as well as the social sciences, it will be also be valuable to public health administrators and frontline staff who serve diverse racial and ethnic populations.
The book brings together the best peer reviewed research literature from the leading scholars and faculty in this growing field, providing a historical and political context for the study of health, race, and ethnicity, with key findings on disparities in access, use, and quality. This volume also examines the role of health care providers in health disparities and discusses the issue of matching patients and doctors by race.
There has been considerable new research since the original manuscript’s preparation in 2001 and publication in 2002, and reflecting this, more than half the book is new content. New chapters cover: reflections on demographic changes in the US based on the current census; metrics and nomenclature for disparities; theories of genetic basis for disparities; the built environment; residential segregation; environmental health; occupational health; health disparities in integrated communities; Latino health; Asian populations; stress and health; physician/patient relationships; hospital treatment of minorities; the slavery hypertension hypothesis; geographic disparities; and intervention design.
Annað
- Höfundar: Thomas A. LaVeist, Lydia A. Isaac
- Útgáfa:2
- Útgáfudagur: 2012-09-26
- Hægt að prenta út 10 bls.
- Hægt að afrita 2 bls.
- Format:ePub
- ISBN 13: 9781118086988
- Print ISBN: 9781118049082
- ISBN 10: 1118086988
Efnisyfirlit
- Cover
- Note from the Publisher
- Title
- Copyright
- Sources
- The Editors
- The Authors
- Introduction: The Ethnic Demographic Transition
- Chapter 1: Defining Health and Health Care Disparities and Examining Disparities Across the Life Span
- History of Health Disparities
- Health Disparity Versus Health Inequality Versus Health Inequity
- Health Status Disparities and Health Care Disparities
- Summary
- References
- Part 1: Historical and Political Considerations
- Chapter 2: The Color Line: Race Matters in the Elimination of Health Disparities
- Race Matters
- The Historical Perspective
- References
- Chapter 3: Health Care Disparities—Science, Politics, and Race
- References
- Chapter 2: The Color Line: Race Matters in the Elimination of Health Disparities
- Chapter 4: Why Genes Don’t Count (for Racial Differences in Health)
- The Myth of Race as Biology
- The Double Error Inherent in Genetic Explanations of Racial Differences
- Why Race-as-Genes Fails in Practice
- From Studies of Race-as-Genetics to Studies of Racialism and Racism
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 5: Using “Socially Assigned Race” to Probe White Advantages in Health Status
- Introduction
- Methods
- Data Analysis
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Author Contributions
- Chapter 6: Racism as a Stressor for African Americans: A Biopsychosocial Model
- Conceptualizations of Racism
- Evidence of Racism
- Biopsychosocial Effects of Perceived Racism in African Americans: A Contextual Model
- Conclusions and Recommendations
- References
- Chapter 7: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research on Self-Reported Racism and Health
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 8: Stress, Coping, and Health Outcomes Among African-Americans: A Review of the John Henryism Hypothesis
- John Henryism
- References
- Chapter 9: Race and Unhealthy Behaviors: Chronic Stress, the HPA Axis, and Physical and Mental Health Disparities Over the Life Course
- Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
- The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenalcortical Axis
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 10: Epigenetics and the Embodiment of Race: Developmental Origins of U.S. Racial Disparities in Cardiovascular Health
- Background
- An Epigenetic Model of Black-White Disparities in CVD
- Discussion
- Literature Cited
- Chapter 11: Acculturation and Latino Health in the United States: A Review of the Literature and Its Sociopolitical Context
- Introduction
- Acculturation and Assimilation: A History of the Concepts
- Definitions of Acculturation Used in the Public Health Literature
- Current Evidence Regarding the Effects of Acculturation on Latino Health Outcomes
- Recommendations for Public Health Practice and Research
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- Literature Cited
- Chapter 12: Measuring Culture: A Critical Review of Acculturation and Health in Asian Immigrant Populations
- Introduction
- Background
- Method
- Literature Review
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix A
- Notes
- References
- Chapter 13: Racial Influences Associated with Weight-Related Beliefs in African American and Caucasian Women
- Introduction
- Method
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Author Contributions
- Chapter 14: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Differences Between U.S.- and Foreign-Born Women in Major U.S. Racial and Ethnic Groups
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 15: Levels of Racism: A Theoretic Framework and a Gardener’s Tale
- Levels of Racism
- Levels of Racism: A Gardener’s Tale
- References
- Chapter 16: Racial Residential Segregation: A Fundamental Cause of Racial Disparities in Health
- Nature and Origins of Residential Segregation
- Segregation and Health Status: Individual and Household SES
- Segregation and Educational Opportunity
- Segregation and Employment Opportunities
- Consequences of Segregation: Racial Differences in SES
- Race, SES, and Health
- Segregation and the Effects of Place
- Segregation and Neighborhood and Housing Quality
- Segregation and Health Behaviors
- Segregation and Medical Care
- Segregation and Crime, Homicide, and Social Context
- Research Directions
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 17: Life Course Theories of Race Disparities: A Comparison of the Cumulative Dis/Advantage Theory Perspective and the Weathering Hypothesis
- Introduction
- Overview
- How Social Disadvantage Affects Health
- Similarities and Distinctions Between the CDA Perspective and the Weathering Hypothesis
- Future Directions for the CDA Perspective and the Weathering Hypothesis in Health Disparities Research
- Summary
- References
- Chapter 18: U.S. Socioeconomic and Racial Differences in Health: Patterns and Explanations
- Introduction
- Socioeconomic Status and Health
- Racial/Ethnic Differences in Health Status
- Mechanisms Underlying SES and Racial Differences in Health
- Are Inequalities in Health Inevitable?
- Conclusion
- Literature Cited
- Chapter 19: Exploring Health Disparities in Integrated Communities
- Introduction
- Exploring Health Disparities in Integrated Communities—EHDIC
- Analysis Strategy
- Findings from the EHDIC-SWB Study
- Race Inequalities, Health Policy, and Social Conditions
- References
- Chapter 20: Race/Ethnicity, the Social Environment, and Health
- Perceptions of Race/Ethnicity and Socio-Economic Status
- Understanding the Social Context of Health
- Reasons for Racial/Ethnic Differences in Health
- Methodological Issues in Studying Race/Ethnicity and the Social Environment
- Importance of Research on Race/Ethnicity and the Social Environment
- References
- Chapter 21: Built Environments and Obesity in Disadvantaged Populations
- Introduction
- Background
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 22: Health Risk and Inequitable Distribution of Liquor Stores in African American Neighborhoods
- Background
- Methods
- Results
- Summary and Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 23: Environmental Health Disparities: A Framework Integrating Psychosocial and Environmental Concepts
- Health Disparities and the Environment
- The Stress-Exposure Disease Framework
- The Exposure-Disease Paradigm
- Race and Residential Location
- Environmental Hazards and Pollutants
- Structural Factors
- Community Stressors
- Neighborhood Resources
- Community Stress
- Future Directions
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 24: Sick and Tired of Being Sick and Tired: Scientific Evidence, Methods, and Research Implications for Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Occupational Health
- People of Color in the US Workforce
- Classic Case Studies
- Disproportionate Exposure, Disproportionate Disease
- Methodological Issues
- Strategies to Decrease Injury and Disease
- Research and Surveillance Agenda
- References
- Chapter 25: Attitudes About Racism, Medical Mistrust, and Satisfaction with Care Among African American and White Cardiac Patients
- New Contribution
- Conceptual Framework
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Appendix
- References
- Chapter 26: The Legacy of Tuskegee and Trust in Medical Care: Is Tuskegee Responsible for Race Differences in Mistrust of Medical Care?
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 27: Patient Race/Ethnicity and Quality of Patient–Physician Communication During Medical Visits
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 28: Implicit Bias Among Physicians and Its Prediction of Thrombolysis Decisions for Black and White Patients
- Background
- Methods
- Results
- Comment
- Appendix
- References
- Chapter 29: The Effect of Patient Race and Socio-Economic Status on Physicians’ Perceptions of Patients
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Summary of Results
- Discussion
- Limitations
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 30: Ethnicity and Analgesic Practice
- Introduction
- Materials and Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 31: The Effect of Race and Sex on Physicians’ Recommendations for Cardiac Catheterization
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 32: Advancing Health Disparities Research Within the Health Care System: A Conceptual Framework
- Three Phases of Health Disparities Research
- Phase 1: Detection
- Phase 2: Understanding
- Phase 3: Reducing Disparities
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 33: Linking Cultural Competence Training to Improved Health Outcomes: Perspectives from the Field
- The Evolution and Key Principles of Cultural Competence
- Evaluating Cultural Competence and Linking It to Health Care Outcomes
- Summing Up
- References
- Chapter 34: “We Don’t Carry That”—Failure of Pharmacies in Predominantly Nonwhite Neighborhoods to Stock Opioid Analgesics
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 35: Do Hospitals Provide Lower-Quality Care to Minorities Than to Whites?
- Study Data And Methods
- Study Results
- Discussion
- Notes
- Chapter 36: Linking Science and Policy Through Community-Based Participatory Research to Study and Address Health Disparities
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 37: The National Health Plan Collaborative to Reduce Disparities and Improve Quality
- Genesis of the NHPC
- Design of the NHPC
- Progress to Date
- Challenges and Lessons Learned
- Next Steps
- Summary and Conclusions
- Epilogue
- References
- Chapter 38: Interventions to Reduce Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care
- New Contribution
- Conceptual Model of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care
- Key Questions
- Lessons Learned from Each Paper
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Diabetes
- Depression
- Breast Cancer
- Culture
- Performance Incentive Programs: Pay-for-Performance and Public Reporting
- Summary Conclusions
- References
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- Gerð : 208
- Höfundur : 12572
- Útgáfuár : 2012
- Leyfi : 380