Efnisyfirlit

• INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLINGUISTICS: UNDERSTANDING LANGUAGE SCIENCE
• CONTENTS
• List of Illustrations
• Acknowledgments
• Preface
• 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO LANGUAGE SCIENCE
  • Language Characteristics
  • Grammar, Language Origins, and Non-Human Communication Systems
    • Research on communication abilities in apes
    • “Monkeys don’t talk”
    • Language origins
  • Language and Thought
    • Whorf, linguistic determinism, and linguistic relativity
    • Whorf makes a comeback
  • A Description of the Language-Processing System
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 2 SPEECH PRODUCTION AND COMPREHENSION
  • Speech Production
    • Speech errors
    • Access interruptus: Tip-of-the-tongue experiences
    • Picture naming and picture–word interference studies
    • The spreading activation model of speech production
    • Potential limitations of lemma theory
    • Self-monitoring and self-repair
  • Articulation
  • Foreign Accent Syndrome Revisited
  • Speech Perception
    • Coarticulation effects on speech perception
    • The motor theory of speech perception
    • The McGurk effect: Visual gestures affect speech perception
    • Mirror neurons: The motor theory enjoys a renaissance
    • The mirror neuron theory of speech perception jumps the shark
    • Other problems for mirror neuron/motor theory
    • The general auditory approach to speech perception
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 3 WORD PROCESSING
  • The Anatomy of a Word: How We Mentally Represent Word Form
  • Lexical Semantics
    • Associationist accounts of word meaning: HAL and LSA
    • The symbol grounding problem
    • Embodied semantics
  • Lexical Access
    • First-generation models
    • Second-generation models
    • Third-generation models: Distributed features and distributed cohort
  • Lexical Ambiguity Resolution
    • Does context influence meaning selection for ambiguous words?
  • The Neural Basis of Lexical Representation and Lexical Access
    • How are word meanings represented in the brain?
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 4 SENTENCE PROCESSING
  • Models of Parsing: Two-Stage Models
  • Models of Parsing: Constraint-Based Models
    • Story context effects
    • Subcategory frequency effects
    • Cross-linguistic frequency data
    • Semantic effects
    • Prosody
    • Visual context effects
  • Interim Summary
  • Argument Structure Hypothesis
  • Limitations, Criticisms, and Some Alternative Parsing Theories
    • Construal
    • Race-based parsing
    • Good-enough parsing
  • Parsing Long-Distance Dependencies
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 5 DISCOURSE PROCESSING
  • Construction–Integration Theory
    • Construction and integration
  • The Structure Building Framework
  • The Event Indexing Model
    • Modeling space, time, protagonists, and motivation
  • Causation, Cohesion, and Coherence in Discourse Encoding and Memory
  • The Role of General World Knowledge in Discourse Processing
  • Building Situation Models
  • Inferencing: Memory-Based Account of Discourse Processing: Minimalist vs. Constructionist Inferencin
  • The Neural Basis of Discourse Comprehension
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 6 REFERENCE
  • Characteristics of Referents That Make Co-Reference Easier
  • Characteristics of Anaphors That Make Co-Reference Easier
  • The Relationship between an Anaphor and Possible Referents Affects Anaphor Resolution
  • Binding Theory
  • Psycholinguistic Theories of Anaphoric Reference
    • The memory focus model
    • Centering theory
    • Informational load hypothesis
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 7 NON-LITERAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
  • Types of Non-Literal Language
  • The Standard Pragmatic View
  • Metaphor
    • Class inclusion and dual reference
    • Conceptual mapping and meaning
    • The structural similarity view
    • The career of metaphor hypothesis
  • Why Metaphor?
  • Metonymy and Underspecification
  • Idioms and Frozen Metaphors
  • Embodiment and the Interpretation of Non-Literal Language
  • The Neural Basis of Non-Literal Language Interpretation
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 8 DIALOGUE
  • Gricean Maxims
  • Dialogue is Interactive
  • Common Ground
  • Audience Design
    • Egocentric production
  • Effects of Listeners’ Perspective-Taking on Comprehension
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 9 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD
  • Prenatal Learning
    • Babies suck
  • Infant Perception and Categorization of Phonemes
  • Solving the Segmentation Problem
    • Infant-directed speech
  • Statistical Learning and Speech Segmentation
  • Interim Summary
  • Learning Word Meanings
    • Syntactic bootstrapping
  • Acquisition of Morphological and Syntactic Knowledge
    • Acquisition of word category knowledge
    • Acquisition of morphological knowledge
    • Acquisition of phrase structure knowledge
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 10 READING
  • Speed Reading?
  • Eye Movement Control and Reading
    • The perceptual span
  • Oculomotor and Cognitive Control Theories of Reading
    • E-Z reader
    • Parallel attention models and parafoveal-on-foveal effects
  • Cognitive Processing in Reading I
    • Different writing systems and scripts
    • Learning to read
  • Cognitive Processing in Reading II: Visual Word Processing
    • Dual-route and DRC models
    • Single-route models
    • Neighborhood effects
    • Non-word pronunciation
  • Dyslexia: Single-Deficit Models
  • Dyslexia: Dual-Route and Single-Route Explanations
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 11 BILINGUAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
  • Mary Potter and the Secrets of Bilingualism
  • Languages Are Simultaneously Active During Comprehension and Production
    • Competition in production
    • Effects of fluency, balance, and language similarity on competition
    • Shared syntactic structure representations
  • Models of Language Control in Bilingual Speakers
    • BIA+
    • Inhibitory control
    • Context effects and the zooming in hypothesis
  • Bilingualism and Executive Control
  • Teaching Techniques and Individual Differences in Second Language Learning
  • The Neural Bases of Bilingualism
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 12 SIGN LANGUAGE
  • Characteristics of Signed Languages
    • Sign language morphology
  • Lexical Access in Sign Language
  • Sign Language Acquisition and Language Evolution
  • Reading in Deaf Signers
  • The Neural Basis of Sign Language: Left-Hemisphere Contributions to Production and Comprehension
  • Does the Right Hemisphere Play a Special Role in Sign Language?
    • Why is language left lateralized?
  • The Effects of Deafness and Learning Sign Language on Cognitive Processing
    • Perspective taking and sign language
  • Cochlear Implants
    • Outcomes for CI users
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 13 APHASIA
  • Aphasiology: What Happens to Language When the Brain Is Damaged?
    • The classic WLG model
    • Problems with the classic WLG model
  • Broca’s Aphasia, Wernicke’s Aphasia, and Syntactic Parsing
    • The trace deletion hypothesis
    • Evidence against the trace deletion hypothesis
    • The mapping hypothesis
    • The resource restriction hypothesis
    • The slowed syntax hypothesis
  • Treatment and Recovery from Aphasia
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• 14 RIGHT-HEMISPHERE LANGUAGE FUNCTION
  • Speech Perception and Production
  • Word Processing
    • The coarse coding hypothesis
  • Right-Hemisphere Contributions to Discourse Comprehension and Production
  • Right-Hemisphere Contributions to Non-Literal Language Understanding
  • What You Can Do with One Hemisphere
  • Why Lateralization?
  • Summary and Conclusions
  • Test Yourself
• Name Index
• Subject Index

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