Efnisyfirlit

• front endpaper
• title page
• Copyright
• CONTENTS
• 1 An Introduction to Chemistry
  • 1.1 The Nature of Chemistry
    • Thinking Like a Chemist
  • 1.2 A Scientific Approach to Problem Solving
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Egyptians, the First Medicinal Chemists
    • The Scientific Method
  • 1.3 The Particulate Nature of Matter
    • Physical States of Matter
  • 1.4 Classifying Matter
    • Distinguishing Mixtures from Pure Substances
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises
  • Answers to Practice Exercises
• 2 Standards for Measurement
  • 2.1 Scientific Notation
  • 2.2 Measurement and Uncertainty
  • 2.3 Significant Figures
    • Rounding Off Numbers
  • 2.4 Significant Figures in Calculations
    • Multiplication or Division
    • Addition or Subtraction
  • 2.5 The Metric System
    • Measurement of Length
    • Unit Conversions
    • Measurement of Mass
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Keeping track of Units
    • Measurement of Volume
  • 2.6 Dimensional Analysis: A Problem-Solving Method
  • 2.7 Measurement of Temperature
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Setting Standards
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Taking the Temperature of Old Faithful
  • 2.8 Density
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 3 Elements and Compounds
  • 3.1 Elements
    • Natural States of the Elements
    • Distribution of Elements
    • Names of the Elements
    • Symbols of the Elements
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Naming Elements
  • 3.2 Introduction to the Periodic Table
    • Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
    • Diatomic Elements
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Atomic Oxygen, Friend or Foe?
  • 3.3 Compounds and Formulas
    • Molecular and Ionic Compounds
    • Writing Formulas of Compounds
    • Composition of Compounds
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 4 Properties of Matter
  • 4.1 Properties of Substances
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Making Money
  • 4.2 Physical and Chemical Changes
  • 4.3 Learning to Solve Problems
  • 4.4 Energy
    • Energy in Chemical Changes
    • Conservation of Energy
  • 4.5 Heat: Quantitative Measurement
  • 4.6 Energy in the Real World
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Popping Popcorn
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 1–4 REVIEW
• 5 Early Atomic Theory and Structure
  • 5.1 Dalton’s Model of the Atom
  • 5.2 Electric Charge
    • Discovery of Ions
  • 5.3 Subatomic Parts of the Atom
  • 5.4 The Nuclear Atom
    • General Arrangement of Subatomic Particles
    • Atomic Numbers of the Elements
  • 5.5 Isotopes of the Elements
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Isotope Detectives
  • 5.6 Atomic Mass
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 6 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds
  • 6.1 Common and Systematic Names
  • 6.2 Elements and Ions
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: What’s in a Name?
  • 6.3 Writing Formulas from Names of Ionic Compounds
  • 6.4 Naming Binary Compounds
    • Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal Forming Only One Type of Cation
    • Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal That Can Form Two or More Types of Cations
    • Binary Compounds Containing Two Nonmetals
  • 6.5 Naming Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions
  • 6.6 Acids
    • Binary Acids
    • Naming Oxy-Acids
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 5–6 REVIEW
• 7 Quantitative Composition of Compounds
  • 7.1 The Mole
  • 7.2 Molar Mass of Compounds
  • 7.3 Percent Composition of Compounds
    • Percent Composition from Formula
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Vanishing Coins?
  • 7.4 Calculating Empirical Formulas
  • 7.5 Calculating the Molecular Formula from the Empirical Formula
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 8 Chemical Equations
  • 8.1 The Chemical Equation
    • Conservation of Mass
  • 8.2 Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
    • Information in a Chemical Equation
  • 8.3 Types of Chemical Equations
    • Combination Reaction
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: CO Poisoning—A Silent Killer
    • Decomposition Reaction
    • Single-Displacement Reaction
    • Double-Displacement Reaction
  • 8.4 Heat in Chemical Reactions
  • 8.5 Global Warming: The Greenhouse Effect
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Decreasing Carbon Footprints
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 9 Calculations from Chemical Equations
  • 9.1 Introduction to Stoichiometry
    • A Short Review
  • 9.2 Mole–Mole Calculations
  • 9.3 Mole–Mass Calculations
  • 9.4 Mass–Mass Calculations
  • 9.5 Limiting Reactant and Yield Calculations
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: A Shrinking Technology
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 7–9 REVIEW
• 10 Modern Atomic Theory and the Periodic table
  • 10.1 Electromagnetic Radiation
    • Electromagnetic Radiation
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: You Light Up My Life
  • 10.2 The Bohr Atom
  • 10.3 Energy Levels of Electrons
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Atomic Clocks
  • 10.4 Atomic Structures of the First 18 Elements
  • 10.5 Electron Structures and the Periodic Table
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Collecting the Elements
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 11 Chemical Bonds: The Formation of Compounds from Atoms
  • 11.1 Periodic Trends in Atomic Properties
    • Metals and Nonmetals
    • Atomic Radius
    • Ionization Energy
  • 11.2 Lewis Structures of Atoms
  • 11.3 The Ionic Bond: Transfer of Electrons from One Atom to Another
  • 11.4 Predicting Formulas of Ionic Compounds
  • 11.5 The Covalent Bond: Sharing Electrons
  • 11.6 Electronegativity
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Trans-forming Fats
  • 11.7 Lewis Structures of Compounds
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Strong Enough to Stop a Bullet?
  • 11.8 Complex Lewis Structures
  • 11.9 Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Chemistry or Art?
  • 11.10 Molecular Shape
    • The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Model
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises
  • Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 10–11 REVIEW
• 12 The Gaseous State of Matter
  • 12.1 Properties of Gases
    • Measuring the Pressure of a Gas
    • Pressure Dependence on the Number of Molecules and the Temperature
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: What the Nose Knows
  • 12.2 Boyle’s Law
  • 12.3 Charles’ Law
  • 12.4 Avogadro’s Law
  • 12.5 Combined Gas Laws
    • Mole–Mass–Volume Relationships of Gases
  • 12.6 Ideal Gas Law
    • The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
    • Real Gases
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Air Quality
  • 12.7 Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Getting High to Lose Weight?
  • 12.8 Density of Gases
  • 12.9 Gas Stoichiometry
    • Mole–Volume and Mass–Volume Calculations
    • Volume–Volume Calculations
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 13 Liquids
  • 13.1 States of Matter: A Review
  • 13.2 Properties of Liquids
    • Surface Tension
    • Evaporation
    • Vapor Pressure
  • 13.3 Boiling Point and Melting Point
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Chemical Eye Candy
  • 13.4 Changes of State
  • 13.5 Intermolecular Forces
    • Dipole–Dipole Attractions
    • The Hydrogen Bond
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: How Sweet It Is!
    • London Dispersion Forces
  • 13.6 Hydrates
  • 13.7 Water, a Unique Liquid
    • Physical Properties of Water
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Reverse Osmosis?
    • Structure of the Water Molecule
    • Sources of Water for a Thirsty World
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 14 Solutions
  • 14.1 General Properties of Solutions
  • 14.2 Solubility
    • The Nature of the Solute and Solvent
    • The Effect of Temperature on Solubility
    • The Effect of Pressure on Solubility
    • Saturated, Unsaturated, and Supersaturated Solutions
  • 14.3 Rate of Dissolving Solids
  • 14.4 Concentration of Solutions
    • Dilute and Concentrated Solutions
    • Mass Percent Solution
    • Mass/Volume Percent (m/v)
    • Volume Percent
    • Molarity
    • Dilution Problems
  • 14.5 Colligative Properties of Solutions
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: The Scoop on Ice Cream
  • 14.6 Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 12–14 REVIEW
• 15 Acids, Bases, and Salts
  • 15.1 Acids and Bases
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Drug Delivery: An Acid–Base Problem
  • 15.2 Reactions of Acids and Bases
    • Acid Reactions
    • Base Reactions
  • 15.3 Salts
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: A Cool Fizz
  • 15.4 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
    • Dissociation and Ionization of Electrolytes
    • Strong and Weak Electrolytes
    • Colligative Properties of Electrolyte Solutions
    • Ionization of Water
  • 15.5 Introduction to pH
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Ocean Corals Threatened by Increasing Atmospheric CO2 Levels
  • 15.6 Neutralization
  • 15.7 Writing Net Ionic Equations
  • 15.8 Acid Rain
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 16 Chemical Equilibrium
  • 16.1 Rates of Reaction
  • 16.2 Chemical Equilibrium
    • Reversible Reactions
  • 16.3 Le Châtelier’s Principle
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: New Ways in Fighting Cavities and Avoiding the Drill
    • Effect of Concentration on Equilibrium
    • Effect of Volume on Equilibrium
    • Effect of Temperature on Equilibrium
    • Effect of Catalysts on Equilibrium
  • 16.4 Equilibrium Constants
  • 16.5 Ion Product Constant for Water
  • 16.6 Ionization Constants
  • 16.7 Solubility Product Constant
  • 16.8 Buffer Solutions: The Control of pH
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Blood
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 17 Oxidation–Reduction
  • 17.1 Oxidation Number
    • Oxidation–Reduction
  • 17.2 Balancing Oxidation–Reduction Equations
  • 17.3 Balancing Ionic Redox Equations
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Sensitive Sunglasses
  • 17.4 Activity Series of Metals
  • 17.5 Electrolytic and Voltaic Cells
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Superbattery Uses Hungry Iron Ions
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 15–17 REVIEW
• 18 Nuclear Chemistry
  • 18.1 Discovery of Radioactivity
    • Natural Radioactivity
  • 18.2 Alpha Particles, Beta Particles, and Gamma Rays
    • Alpha Particles
    • Beta Particles
    • Gamma Rays
  • 18.3 Radioactive Disintegration Series
    • Transmutation of Elements
    • Artificial Radioactivity
    • Transuranium Elements
  • 18.4 Measurement of Radioactivity
  • 18.5 Nuclear Energy
    • Nuclear Fission
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Does Your Food Glow in the Dark?
    • Nuclear Power
    • The Atomic Bomb
    • Nuclear Fusion
  • 18.6 Mass–Energy Relationship in Nuclear Reactions
  • 18.7 Biological Effects of Radiation
    • Acute Radiation Damage
    • Long-Term Radiation Damage
    • Genetic Effects
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: A Window into Living Organisms
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTER 18 REVIEW
• 19 Organic Chemistry: Saturated Hydrocarbons
  • 19.1 Organic Chemistry: History and Scope
  • 19.2 The Carbon Atom: Bonding, Shape, and Hybridization
    • Hybridization for Singly Bonded Carbon
  • 19.3 Classifying Organic Compounds
  • 19.4 Hydrocarbons
  • 19.5 Saturated Hydrocarbons: Alkanes
  • 19.6 Structural Formulas
  • 19.7 Isomerism
  • 19.8 Naming Organic Compounds
  • 19.9 Introduction to the Reactions of Carbon
  • 19.10 Reactions of Alkanes
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health, Anesthesia, and Alkyl Halides
    • Free-Radical Mechanism for Halogenation of Alkanes
  • 19.11 Cycloalkanes
    • Naming Cycloalkanes
  • 19.12 Gasoline: A Major Petroleum Product
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Renewable Gasoline?
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 20 Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  • 20.1 Bonding in Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
  • 20.2 Nomenclature of Alkenes
  • 20.3 Geometric Isomerism in Alkenes
  • 20.4 Cycloalkenes
  • 20.5 Preparation and Properties of Alkenes
    • Preparation
    • Physical Properties
    • Chemical Properties
    • Oxidation
  • 20.6 Nomenclature and Properties of Alkynes
    • Nomenclature
    • Preparation
    • Physical Properties
    • Chemical Properties
  • 20.7 Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Structure of Benzene
  • 20.8 Naming Aromatic Compounds
    • Monosubstituted Benzenes
    • Disubstituted Benzenes
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health and Sunscreens
    • Polysubstituted Benzenes
  • 20.9 Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Graphene—A Revolution in the Making
  • 20.10 Sources and Properties of Aromatic Hydrocarbons
    • Substitution Reactions
    • Side-Chain Oxidation
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercises
  • Answers to Practice Exercises
• 21 Polymers: Macromolecules
  • 21.1 Macromolecules
  • 21.2 Synthetic Polymers
  • 21.3 Polymer Types
  • 21.4 Addition Polymerization
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Microwaves, Plastics, and Your Health
  • 21.5 Recycling Plastics
  • 21.6 Butadiene Polymers
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: A Plastic Dilemma: Polyethylene
  • 21.7 Geometric Isomerism in Polymers
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 19–21 REVIEW
• 22 Alcohols, Ethers, Phenols, and Thiols
  • 22.1 Structure and Classification of Alcohols
  • 22.2 Naming Alcohols
  • 22.3 Physical Properties of Alcohols
  • 22.4 Chemical Properties of Alcohols
    • Acidic and Basic Properties
    • Oxidation
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Hand Sanitizers—Alcohol in Action
    • Dehydration
    • Esterification (Conversion of Alcohols to Esters)
    • Utility of the Hydroxyl Functional Group
  • 22.5 Common Alcohols
    • Methanol
    • Ethanol
    • 2-Propanol (Isopropanol, Isopropyl Alcohol)
    • Ethylene Glycol (1,2-Ethanediol)
    • Glycerol (1,2,3-Propanetriol)
  • 22.6 Phenols
    • Naming Phenols
    • Common Phenols
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health and Polyphenols
  • 22.7 Properties and Preparation of Phenols
  • 22.8 Ethers
    • Naming Ethers
  • 22.9 Properties and Preparation of Ethers
  • 22.10 Thiols
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercises
  • Answers to Practice Exercises
• 23 Aldehydes and Ketones
  • 23.1 Structures of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • 23.2 Naming Aldehydes and Ketones
    • Aldehydes
    • Ketones
  • 23.3 Bonding and Physical Properties
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Cheese: Organic Chemistry in Action
  • 23.4 Chemical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
    • Oxidation
    • Reduction
    • Addition Reactions
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Microbial Chemical Warfare and Antibiotic Resistance
  • 23.5 Common Aldehydes and Ketones
  • 23.6 Condensation Polymers
    • Phenol–Formaldehyde Polymers
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise
  • Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 22–23 REVIEW
• 24 Carboxylic Acids and Esters
  • 24.1 Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature and Sources of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids
  • 24.2 Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
  • 24.3 Classification of Carboxylic Acids
    • Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids
    • Aromatic Carboxylic Acids
    • Dicarboxylic Acids
    • Hydroxy Acids
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health and MSG
    • Amino Acids
  • 24.4 Preparation and Chemical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
  • 24.5 Nomenclature of Esters
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Food-Spoiling Microbes Stopped by a Trojan Horse
  • 24.6 Occurrence and Physical Properties of Esters
  • 24.7 Polyesters: Condensation Polymers
  • 24.8 Chemical Properties of Esters
    • Acid Hydrolysis
    • Alkaline Hydrolysis (Saponification)
  • 24.9 Glycerol Esters
  • 24.10 Soaps and Synthetic Detergents
    • Soaps
    • Synthetic Detergents
    • Biodegradability
    • Soap and Fighting Infection
  • 24.11 Esters and Anhydrides of Phosphoric Acid
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercises
  • Answers to Practice Exercises
• 25 Amides and Amines: Organic Nitrogen Compounds
  • 25.1 Amides: Nomenclature and Physical Properties
  • 25.2 Chemical Properties of Amides
  • 25.3 Polyamides: Condensation Polymers
  • 25.4 Urea
  • 25.5 Amines: Nomenclature and Physical Properties
    • Naming Amines
  • 25.6 Preparation of Amines
  • 25.7 Chemical Properties of Amines
    • Alkaline Properties of Amines
    • Salt Formation
    • Formation of Amides
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Truth in Truth Serum?
  • 25.8 Sources and Uses of Selected Amines
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health, Caffeine, and Learning
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 24–25 REVIEW
• 26 Stereoisomerism
  • 26.1 Review of Isomerism
  • 26.2 Plane-Polarized Light and Optical Activity
    • Specific Rotation
    • Optical Activity
  • 26.3 Fischer Projection Formulas
  • 26.4 Enantiomers
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Chirality Makes a Difference
  • 26.5 Racemic Mixtures
  • 26.6 Diastereomers and Meso Compounds
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 27 Carbohydrates
  • 27.1 Carbohydrates: A First Class of Biochemicals
  • 27.2 Classification of Carbohydrates
  • 27.3 Importance of Carbohydrates for Life
  • 27.4 Common Monosaccharides
    • Glucose
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health and the “Sugar High”
    • Galactose
    • Fructose
  • 27.5 Structure of Glucose and Other Aldoses
  • 27.6 Cyclic Structures of Common Hexoses
  • 27.7 Hemiacetals and Acetals
  • 27.8 Pentoses
  • 27.9 Structures and Properties of Disaccharides
  • 27.10 Sweeteners and Diet
  • 27.11 Redox Reactions of Monosaccharides
    • Oxidation
    • Reduction
    • Redox Tests for Carbohydrates
  • 27.12 Polysaccharides
    • Polysaccharides Derived from Glucose
    • Starch
    • Glycogen
    • Cellulose
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Nature’s Armor of Slime
    • More Complex Polysaccharides
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercises
  • Answers to Practice Exercises
• 28 Lipids
  • 28.1 Lipid Characteristics and Classification
  • 28.2 Simple Lipids
    • Fatty Acids
    • Eicosanoids
    • Fats and Oils
    • Waxes
  • 28.3 Fats in Metabolism
  • 28.4 Compound Lipids
    • Phospholipids
    • Sphingolipids
    • Glycolipids
  • 28.5 Steroids
  • 28.6 Hydrophobic Lipids and Biology
    • Atherosclerosis
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Is “Good” Cholesterol Not Quite So Good?
    • Biological Membranes
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health, Skin, and Transdermal Patches
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 26–28 REVIEW
• 29 Amino Acids, Polypeptides, and Proteins
  • 29.1 The Structure–Function Connection
  • 29.2 The Nature of Amino Acids
    • Essential Amino Acids
    • D-Amino Acids and L-Amino Acids
    • Amphoterism
  • 29.3 Formation of Polypeptides
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health, Growth Factors, and Cancer
  • 29.4 Protein Structure
  • 29.5 Protein Functions
  • 29.6 Some Examples of Proteins and Their Structures
    • Fibrous Proteins
    • Globular Proteins
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Proteins Gone Wrong
  • 29.7 Loss of Protein Structure
  • 29.8 Tests for Proteins and Amino Acids
    • Chromatographic Separation
    • Electrophoresis
  • 29.9 Determination of the Primary Structure of Polypeptides
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 30 Enzymes
  • 30.1 Molecular Accelerators
  • 30.2 Rates of Chemical Reactions
  • 30.3 Enzyme Kinetics
  • 30.4 Industrial-Strength Enzymes
    • Food Processing
    • Technology
    • Consumer Goods
    • Medical Uses
  • 30.5 Enzyme Active Site
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health and Cytochrome P450
  • 30.6 Temperature and pH Effects on Enzyme Catalysis
  • 30.7 Enzyme Regulation
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Aspirin and Stroke: A Very Potent Enzyme Inhibitor
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 31 Nucleic Acids and Heredity
  • 31.1 Molecules of Heredity—Bases and Nucleosides
  • 31.2 Nucleotides: Phosphate Esters
  • 31.3 High-Energy Nucleotides
  • 31.4 Polynucleotides; Nucleic Acids
  • 31.5 Structure of DNA
  • 31.6 DNA Replication
    • DNA, Cell Division, and Cloning
    • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: The Double Helix Revisited
    • DNA, Cancer, and Chemotherapy
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Fingerprints in the Genes
  • 31.7 RNA: Genetic Transcription
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health and RNA
    • RNA and Genetic Control
  • 31.8 The Genetic Code—Genes and Medicine
    • Cancer
    • Human Genome Project
  • 31.9 Biosynthesis of Proteins
  • 31.10 Changing the Genome: Mutations and Genetic Engineering
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 29–31 REVIEW
• 32 NUTRITION
  • 32.1 Nutrients and Diet
  • 32.2 Energy in the Diet
  • 32.3 Macronutrients
    • Carbohydrates in the Diet
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Mediterranean Diet, A Diet We Can Stick With?
    • Fats in the Diet
    • Proteins in the Diet
  • 32.4 Vitamins, Vital Micronutrients
  • 32.5 Minerals
  • 32.6 Water
  • 32.7 Nutrition Content Labeling
  • 32.8 Food Additives
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Longevity and Diet
  • 32.9 A Balanced Diet
  • 32.10 Human Digestion
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 33 Bioenergetics
  • 33.1 Metabolism and Cell Structure
  • 33.2 Biological Oxidation–Reduction: An Important Energy Source
  • 33.3 Molecular Oxygen and Metabolism
  • 33.4 High-Energy Phosphate Bonds
  • 33.5 Phosphorylation: Energy Transfer
  • 33.6 ATP Use and Muscle Contraction
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health, Muscles, and Creatine
  • 33.7 Photosynthesis
  • Review
  • Review Questions
  • Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercises, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 34 Carbohydrate Metabolism
  • 34.1 Metabolic Pathways, Carbohydrates, and Cooperation
    • Energy Metabolism
    • Carbohydrate Metabolism: Organs Working Together
    • Carbohydrate Metabolism: Metabolic Pathways Working Together
  • 34.2 Anaerobic Sequence
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health, Carbohydrate Metabolism, and Cancer
  • 34.3 Citric Acid Cycle (Aerobic Sequence)
  • 34.4 Gluconeogenesis
  • 34.5 Overview of Complex Metabolic Pathways
  • 34.6 Hormones
  • 34.7 Blood Glucose and Hormones
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises
  • Challenge Exercise, Answers to Practice Exercises
• 35 Metabolism of Lipids and Proteins
  • 35.1 Metabolic Energy Sources: Organs Working Together for the Common Good
  • 35.2 Fatty Acid Oxidation (Beta Oxidation)
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Health and Abdominal Fat
  • 35.3 Fat Storage and Biosynthesis (Lipogenesis)
  • 35.4 Ketone Bodies
  • CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: Kwashiorkor: When a Full Plate Isn’t Enough
  • 35.5 Metabolic Nitrogen Fixation
  • 35.6 Amino Acids and Metabolic Nitrogen Balance
  • 35.7 Amino Acids and Nitrogen Transfer
  • 35.8 Nitrogen Excretion and the Urea Cycle
  • 35.9 Acetyl-CoA, A Central Molecule in Metabolism
  • Review
  • Review Questions, Paired Exercises
  • Additional Exercises, Challenge Exercise
  • Answers to Practice Exercises
  • PUTTING IT TOGETHER: CHAPTERS 32–35 REVIEW
• APPENDICES
  • I. Mathematical Review
  • II. Using a Scientific Calculator
  • III. Units of Measurement
  • IV. Vapor Pressure of Water at Various Temperatures
  • V. Solubility Table
  • VI. Answers to Selected Exercises
  • VII. Answers to Putting It Together Review Exercises
• GLOSSARY
• INDEX
• back endpapers

UM RAFBÆKUR Á HEIMKAUP.IS

Bókahillan þín er þitt svæði og þar eru bækurnar þínar geymdar. Þú kemst í bókahilluna þína hvar og hvenær sem er í tölvu eða snjalltæki. Einfalt og þægilegt!

Rafbók til eignar
Rafbók til eignar þarf að hlaða niður á þau tæki sem þú vilt nota innan eins árs frá því bókin er keypt.

Þú kemst í bækurnar hvar sem er
Þú getur nálgast allar raf(skóla)bækurnar þínar á einu augabragði, hvar og hvenær sem er í bókahillunni þinni. Engin taska, enginn kyndill og ekkert vesen (hvað þá yfirvigt).

Auðvelt að fletta og leita
Þú getur flakkað milli síðna og kafla eins og þér hentar best og farið beint í ákveðna kafla úr efnisyfirlitinu. Í leitinni finnur þú orð, kafla eða síður í einum smelli.

Glósur og yfirstrikanir
Þú getur auðkennt textabrot með mismunandi litum og skrifað glósur að vild í rafbókina. Þú getur jafnvel séð glósur og yfirstrikanir hjá bekkjarsystkinum og kennara ef þeir leyfa það. Allt á einum stað.

Hvað viltu sjá? / Þú ræður hvernig síðan lítur út
Þú lagar síðuna að þínum þörfum. Stækkaðu eða minnkaðu myndir og texta með multi-level zoom til að sjá síðuna eins og þér hentar best í þínu námi.



Fleiri góðir kostir
- Þú getur prentað síður úr bókinni (innan þeirra marka sem útgefandinn setur)
- Möguleiki á tengingu við annað stafrænt og gagnvirkt efni, svo sem myndbönd eða spurningar úr efninu
- Auðvelt að afrita og líma efni/texta fyrir t.d. heimaverkefni eða ritgerðir
- Styður tækni sem hjálpar nemendum með sjón- eða heyrnarskerðingu