Efnisyfirlit

• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Table of Contents
• About the Editors�
• Organization of This Book
• Acknowledgments
• Introduction to the ITLS Course
• International Trauma Life Support Courses
• SECTION 1 Essential Information
  • CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Traumatic Disease
    • Chapter Overview
    • Situational Awareness
    • Case Presentation
      • Scene Size-up
      • Standard Precautions
      • Scene Safety
      • Total Number of Patients
      • Essential Equipment and Additional Resources
    • Mechanism of Injury
      • Blunt Trauma
      • Penetrating Trauma
    • Priorities of Trauma Care
      • Trauma Triage Decisions
      • Prevention and Public Education
  • CHAPTER 2 Trauma Assessment and Management
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • ITLS Primary Survey
      • Scene Size-up
      • Initial Assessment
      • Rapid Trauma Survey or Focused Exam
    • ITLS Reassessment Exam
    • ITLS Secondary Survey
    • Adjuncts for Trauma Patient Assessment
    • Transfer of Care
  • CHAPTER 3 Assessment Skills
    • ITLS Primary Survey—Critical Information
      • Scene Size-up
      • Initial Assessment
      • Rapid Trauma Survey
    • ITLS Reassessment Exam—Critical Information
      • Subjective Changes
      • Mental Status
      • Reassess ABCs
    • ITLS Secondary Survey—Critical Information
      • SAMPLE History
      • Vital Signs and Repeat Initial Assessment
      • Neurological Exam
      • Detailed Exam
    • Ground Rules for Teaching and Evaluation
  • CHAPTER 4 Hemorrhage Control and Shock
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Pathophysiology of Shock
      • Evaluation of Tachycardia
      • The Shock Syndromes
      • Management
      • Special Situations in Hypovolemic Shock
      • Obstructive Shock
      • Cardiogenic Shock
      • Current Thinking in the Treatment of Shock
  • CHAPTER 5 Shock and Hemorrhage Control Skills
    • Cannulation of the External Jugular Vein
    • Intraosseous Infusion
      • Indications
      • Contraindications
      • Recommended Sites
      • Potential Complications
      • FAST Responder™ Intraosseous Device
    • Length-Based Resuscitation Tapes
    • Control of Life-Threatening Hemorrhage
      • Application of Tourniquets
      • Use of Hemostatic Agents
  • CHAPTER 6 Airway Management
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Anatomy and Physiology
      • Nasopharynx
      • Oropharynx
      • Hypopharynx
      • Larynx
      • Trachea and Bronchi
      • The Lungs
    • The Patent Airway
      • Observation
      • Suction
      • Airway Adjuncts
    • Supplemental Oxygen
    • Ventilation
      • Normal Ventilation
      • Positive-Pressure (Artificial) Ventilation
      • Compliance
      • Ventilation Techniques
      • Airway Equipment
  • CHAPTER 7 Airway Skills
    • Chapter Overview
    • Basic Airway Management
      • The Pulse Oximeter
      • Supraglottic Airways
    • Advanced Airway Management
      • Preparation for Intubation
    • Face-to-Face Intubation
      • Confirmation of Tube Placement
      • Drug-Assisted Intubation
      • Fiberoptic and Video Intubation
• SECTION 2 Foundational Knowledge
  • CHAPTER 8 Thoracic Trauma
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • The Thorax
      • Anatomy
      • Pathophysiology
    • Emergency Care of Chest Injuries
      • Airway Obstruction
      • Flail Chest
      • Open Pneumothorax
      • Massive Hemothorax
      • Tension Pneumothorax
      • Cardiac Tamponade
      • Myocardial Contusion
      • Traumatic Aortic Rupture
      • Tracheal or Bronchial Tree Injury
      • Diaphragmatic Tears
      • Pulmonary Contusion
    • Blast Injuries
    • Other Chest Injuries
      • Impaled Objects
      • Traumatic Asphyxia
      • Simple Pneumothorax
      • Sternal Fractures
      • Simple Rib Fracture
  • CHAPTER 9 Thoracic Trauma Skills
    • Chapter Overview
    • Chest Decompression
      • Indications to Perform Chest Decompression
      • Performing a Chest Decompression by the Anterior Approach
      • Performing a Chest Decompression by the Lateral Approach
      • Management of Open Pneumothorax
  • CHAPTER 10 Spinal Trauma and Spinal Motion Restriction
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Evolution of Spinal Motion Restriction
      • Relationship to Patient Safety
      • Patient-Specific and Appropriate Spinal Motion Restriction
      • Summary of Patient-Centered Spinal Motion Restriction
    • The Normal Spinal Column and Cord
      • Spinal Column
      • Spinal Cord
    • Spinal Injury
      • Mechanisms of Blunt Spinal Column Injury
      • Pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury
      • Neurogenic Shock
    • Assessment of the Trauma Patient
      • Assessing for Possible Spinal Injury
      • Focused Evaluation of the Spinal Cord
    • Management of the Trauma Patient
      • Minimizing Spinal Movement
      • Spinal Motion Restriction in the Trauma Patient
      • The Log Roll
      • Spinal Motion Restriction Devices
      • Complications of Spinal Motion Restriction
      • Airway Intervention
      • Special Spinal Motion Restriction Situations
  • CHAPTER 11 Spine Management Skills
    • Essential Components of Spinal Motion Restriction
    • Principles of SMR
    • Applying SMR
      • Patients Requiring SMR
      • SMR with a Short Extrication Device
      • Emergency Rescue and Rapid Extrication
      • SMR with the Long Backboard
  • CHAPTER 12 Head Trauma and Traumatic Brain Injury
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Anatomy of the Head
    • Pathophysiology of Head Trauma
      • Primary and Secondary Brain Injuries
      • Intracranial Pressure
      • Cerebral Herniation Syndrome
    • Head Injuries
    • Facial Injuries
      • Scalp Wounds
      • Skull Injuries
      • Brain Injuries
    • Evaluation of the Patient with Traumatic Brain Injury
      • ITLS Primary Survey
      • ITLS Secondary Survey
      • ITLS Reassessment Exam
    • Management of the Patient with TBI
  • CHAPTER 13 Abdominal Trauma
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Anatomy of the Abdomen
    • Types of Abdominal Injuries
    • Assessment and Stabilization
      • Scene Size-up
      • Patient Assessment
      • Stabilization
    • New Trends in Managing Abdominal Trauma
  • CHAPTER 14 Extremity Trauma
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Injuries to Extremities
      • Fractures
      • Dislocations
      • Open Wounds
      • Amputations
      • Neurovascular Injuries
      • Sprains and Strains
      • Impaled Objects
      • Compartment Syndrome
      • Crush Injury and Crush Syndrome
    • Assessment and Management
      • Scene Size-up and History
      • Assessment
      • Management of Extremity Injuries
      • Management of Specific Injuries
  • CHAPTER 15 Extremity Trauma Skills
    • Traction Splints
    • Pelvic Stabilization Techniques
  • CHAPTER 16 Trauma Arrest
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • The Unsalvageable Patient
    • Airway and Breathing Problems
    • Circulatory Problems
    • Approach to Trauma Patients in Cardiac Arrest
      • General Plan of Action
      • Considerations in Traumatic Cardiac Arrest Management
• SECTION 3 Special Populations
  • CHAPTER 17 Burns
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Anatomy and Pathophysiology
      • The Skin
      • Classifying Burns by Depth
      • Determining the Severity of Burns
    • Patient Assessment and Management
      • ITLS Primary Survey
      • ITLS Secondary Survey
      • Patient Management
      • Special Problems in Burn Management
  • CHAPTER 18 Pediatric Trauma
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Communication with the Child and Family
    • Parental Consent
    • Assessment and Care
      • Pediatric Equipment
      • Common Mechanisms of Injury
      • General Assessment
      • Rapid Trauma Survey or Focused Exam
      • Critical Trauma Situation
      • ITLS Secondary Survey
    • Potentially Life-Threatening Injuries
      • Hemorrhagic Shock
      • Fluid Resuscitation
      • Head Trauma
      • Chest Injury
      • Abdominal Injury
      • Spine Injury
    • Child Restraint Seats
  • CHAPTER 19 Geriatric Trauma
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Pathophysiology of Aging
      • The Aging Body
      • Medications
      • Aging and Injury
    • Assessment and Management
      • ITLS Primary Survey
      • Reassessment Exams
  • CHAPTER 20 Trauma in Pregnancy
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Pregnancy
      • Fetal Development
      • Physiologic Changes During Pregnancy
      • Responses to Hypovolemia
    • Assessment and Management
      • Special Considerations
      • Types of Trauma
    • Trauma Prevention in Pregnancy
  • CHAPTER 21 The Impaired Patient
    • Chapter Overview
    • Case Presentation
    • Substance Abuse
    • Assessment and Management
    • The Uncooperative Patient
    • Excited Delirium
• GLOSSARY
• INDEX
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E
  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P
  • Q
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
  • V
  • W
  • Z
• APPENDIX A Standard Precautions
• APPENDIX B Analgesia and Pain Control for the Trauma Patient
• APPENDIX C Multicasualty Incidents and Triage

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