The Insects: An Outline of Entomology
Námskeið
- LÍF633G Skordýr
.
Lýsing:
Insects represent over half of the planet’s biological diversity. This popular textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to this extraordinary diversity, and places entomology central to the theory and practice of evolutionary and ecological studies. Fully revised, this fifth edition opens with a chapter concerning the popular side of insect studies, including insects in citizen science, zoos and butterfly houses, and insects as food for humans and animals.
Key features of insect structure, function, behaviour, ecology and classification are integrated with appropriate molecular studies. Much of the book is organized around major biological themes: living on the ground, in water, on plants, in colonies, and as predators, parasites/parasitoids and prey insects. A strong evolutionary theme is maintained throughout. There is major revision to the chapter on systematics and a new chapter, Insects in a Changing World, includes insect responses to, and the consequences of, both climate change and human-assisted global alterations to distributions.
Updated ‘Taxoboxes’ demonstrate topical issues and provide concise information on all aspects of each of the 28 major groupings (orders) of insects, plus the three orders of non-insect hexapods. New boxes describe a worrying increase in insect threats to landscape and commercial trees (including eucalypts, palms and coffee) and explain the value of genetic data, including evolutionary developmental biology and DNA barcoding, in insect biodiversity studies.
The authors maintain the clarity and conciseness of earlier editions, and extend the profuse illustrations with new hand-drawn figures. Over 50 colour photographs, together with the informative text and an accompanying website with links to video clips, appendices, textboxes and further reading lists, encourage a deeper scientific study of insects. The book is intended as the principal text for students studying entomology, as well as a reference text for undergraduate and graduate courses in the fields of ecology, agriculture, fisheries and forestry, palaeontology, zoology, and medical and veterinary science.
Annað
- Höfundar: P. J. Gullan, P. S. Cranston
- Útgáfa:5
- Útgáfudagur: 2014-08-26
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- Format:ePub
- ISBN 13: 9781118846162
- Print ISBN: 9781118846155
- ISBN 10: 1118846168
Efnisyfirlit
- Title Page
- Copyright
- List of Colour Plates
- List of Boxes
- Preface to the Fifth Edition
- Preface to the Fourth Edition
- Preface to the Third Edition
- Preface to the Second Edition
- Preface and Acknowledgments for First Edition
- About the Companion Website
- Chapter 1: The Importance, Diversity and Conservation of Insects
- 1.1 WHAT IS ENTOMOLOGY?
- 1.2 The importance of insects
- 1.3 Insect biodiversity
- 1.4 Naming and classification of insects
- 1.5 Insects in popular culture and commerce
- 1.6 Culturing insects
- 1.7 Insect conservation
- 1.8 Insects as food
- Further Reading
- Chapter 2: External Anatomy
- 2.1 The cuticle
- 2.2 Segmentation and tagmosis
- 2.3 The head
- 2.4 The thorax
- 2.5 The abdomen
- Further Reading
- Chapter 3: Internal Anatomy and Physiology
- 3.1 Muscles and locomotion
- 3.2 The nervous system and co-ordination
- 3.3 The endocrine system and the function of hormones
- 3.4 The circulatory system
- 3.5 The tracheal system and gas exchange
- 3.6 The gut, digestion and nutrition
- 3.7 The excretory system and waste disposal
- 3.8 Reproductive organs
- Further Reading
- Chapter 4: Sensory Systems and Behaviour
- 4.1 Mechanical stimuli
- 4.2 Thermal stimuli
- 4.3 Chemical stimuli
- 4.4 Insect vision
- 4.5 Insect behaviour
- Further Reading
- Chapter 5: Reproduction
- 5.1 Bringing the sexes together
- 5.2 Courtship
- 5.3 Sexual selection
- 5.4 Copulation
- 5.5 Diversity in genitalic morphology
- 5.6 Sperm storage, fertilization and sex determination
- 5.7 Sperm competition
- 5.8 Oviparity (egg-laying)
- 5.9 Ovoviviparity and viviparity
- 5.10 Other modes of reproduction
- 5.11 Physiological control of reproduction
- Further Reading
- Chapter 6: Insect Development and Life Histories
- 6.1 Growth
- 6.2 Life-history patterns and phases
- 6.3 Process and control of moulting
- 6.4 Voltinism
- 6.5 Diapause
- 6.6 Dealing with environmental extremes
- 6.7 Migration
- 6.8 Polymorphism and polyphenism
- 6.9 Age-grading
- 6.10 Environmental effects on development
- Further Reading
- Chapter 7: Insect Systematics: Phylogeny and Classification
- 7.1 Systematics
- 7.2 The extant hexapoda
- 7.3 Informal group Entognatha: collembola (springtails), diplura (diplurans) and protura (proturans)
- 7.4 Class insecta (true insects)
- Further Reading
- Chapter 8: Insect Evolution and Biogeography
- 8.1 Relationships of the hexapoda to other arthropoda
- 8.2 The antiquity of insects
- 8.3 Were the first insects aquatic or terrestrial?
- 8.4 Evolution of wings
- 8.5 Evolution of metamorphosis
- 8.6 Insect diversification
- 8.7 Insect biogeography
- 8.8 Insect evolution in the pacific
- Further Reading
- Chapter 9: Ground-Dwelling Insects
- 9.1 Insects of litter and soil
- 9.2 Insects and dead trees or decaying wood
- 9.3 Insects and dung
- 9.4 Insect–carrion interactions
- 9.5 Insect–fungal interactions
- 9.6 Cavernicolous insects
- 9.7 Environmental monitoring using ground-dwelling hexapods
- Further Reading
- Chapter 10: Aquatic Insects
- 10.1 Taxonomic distribution and terminology
- 10.2 The evolution of aquatic lifestyles
- 10.3 Aquatic insects and their oxygen supplies
- 10.4 The aquatic environment
- 10.5 Environmental monitoring using aquatic insects
- 10.6 Functional feeding groups
- 10.7 Insects of temporary waterbodies
- 10.8 Insects of the marine, intertidal and littoral zones
- Further Reading
- Chapter 11: Insects and Plants
- 11.1 Coevolutionary interactions between insects and plants
- 11.2 Phytophagy (or herbivory)
- 11.3 Insects and plant reproductive biology
- 11.4 Insects that live mutualistically in specialized plant structures
- Further Reading
- Chapter 12: Insect Societies
- 12.1 Subsociality in insects
- 12.2 Eusociality in insects
- 12.3 Inquilines and parasites of social insects
- 12.4 Evolution and maintenance of eusociality
- 12.5 Success of social insects
- Further Reading
- Chapter 13: Insect Predation and Parasitism
- 13.1 Prey/host location
- 13.2 Prey/host acceptance and manipulation
- 13.3 Prey/host selection and specificity
- 13.4 Population biology—predator/parasitoid and prey/host abundance
- 13.5 The evolutionary success of insect predation and parasitism
- Further Reading
- Chapter 14: Insect Defence
- 14.1 Defence by hiding
- 14.2 Secondary lines of defence
- 14.3 Mechanical defences
- 14.4 Chemical defences
- 14.5 Defence by mimicry
- 14.6 Collective defences in gregarious and social insects
- Further Reading
- Chapter 15: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
- 15.1 Insects as causes and vectors of disease
- 15.2 Generalized disease cycles
- 15.3 Pathogens
- 15.4 Forensic entomology
- 15.5 Insect nuisance and phobia
- 15.6 Venoms and allergens
- Further Reading
- Chapter 16: Pest Management
- 16.1 Insects as pests
- 16.2 The effects of insecticides
- 16.3 Integrated pest management
- 16.4 Chemical control
- 16.5 Biological control
- 16.6 Host-plant resistance to insects
- 16.7 Physical control
- 16.8 Cultural control
- 16.9 Pheromones and other insect attractants
- 16.10 Genetic manipulation of insect pests
- Further Reading
- Chapter 17: Insects in a Changing World
- 17.1 Models of change
- 17.2 Economically significant insects under climate change
- 17.3 Implications of climate change for insect biodiversity and conservation
- 17.4 Global trade and insects
- Further Reading
- Chapter 18: Methods in Entomology: Collecting, Preservation, Curation and Identification
- 18.1 Collection
- 18.2 Preservation and curation
- 18.3 Identification
- Further Reading
- Taxoboxes
- Glossary
- Further Reading
- References
- Index
- Appendix: A Reference Guide to Orders
- Supplemental Images
- Plate 1
- Plate 2
- Plate 3
- Plate 4
- Plate 5
- Plate 6
- Plate 7
- Plate 8
- End User License Agreement
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- Höfundur : 5701
- Útgáfuár : 2014
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