Efnisyfirlit

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Biographies
• List of Contributors
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Introduction—Opportunities and Challenges
  • References
• Section I: Creativity Theory and Performing Artists
  • Chapter 1. Microarrays in the Brain: Can They Be Used for Brain–Machine Interface Control?
    • Abstract
    • Building a Brain–Machine Interface
    • The Architecture of a Brain–Machine Interface
    • What Does the Motor Cortex Do?
    • Low Performance Level and Limited Ability to Generalize
    • So the Answer to What the Motor Cortex Does Is…
    • Future Possibilities
    • Direct Control Versus Indirect Decoding
    • Concluding Remarks
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
  • Chapter 2. Feedback-Sensitive and Closed-Loop Solutions
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Cranial Nerve Electrical Stimulation for Seizure Control
    • Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy: Historical Perspective
    • Brain Stimulation In Vitro and In Vivo
    • Thalamic Brain Stimulation
    • Location of Brain Stimulation
    • Electrical Parameters for Brain Stimulation
    • Possible Mechanisms of Action
    • Closed-Loop Brain Stimulation
    • Clinical Applications
    • The RNS System: Pivotal and Long-Term Results
    • Seizure Prediction
    • Adverse Effects and Technical Challenges
    • Summary
    • References
  • Chapter 3. Directional Deep Brain Stimulation
    • Abstract
    • Deep Brain Stimulation Inhibits Neuronal Firing
    • DBS Hardware
    • Accurate DBS Lead Targeting and Placement is Critical for Success of the Therapy
    • Directional DBS Leads Confer Several Benefits
    • Directional DBS in Parkinson’s Disease and Essential Tremor
    • Directional DBS Clinical Proof of Concept
    • Application of Directional DBS to Other Diseases
    • References
  • Chapter 4. Waveform Variation in Neuromodulation
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Modifications of Traditional Waveform Parameters and Shapes
    • Deep Brain Stimulation
    • Spinal Cord Stimulation
    • Other Considerations
    • References
• Section II: New Modes of Therapy
  • Chapter 5. Ultrasound Neuromodulation: A Chapter for Innovative Neuromodulation
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Physics of Ultrasound
    • Historical Perspective of Ultrasonic Neuromodulation
    • Experimental Cortical Neuromodulation
    • Neuromodulation of Visual-Evoked Potentials
    • Experimental Neuromodulation of Deep Cerebral Structures
    • Hippocampal Neuromodulation With Ultrasound
    • Cortical Neuromodulation in Large Animals and Humans
    • Mechanisms of Ultrasonic Neuromodulation
    • Clinical Applications of FUS Neuromodulation
    • Future Clinical Applications of FUS Neuromodulation
    • Conclusions
    • References
  • Chapter 6. Optogenetics
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Opsins
    • In Vivo Optogenetic Applications
    • Outlook: Nonhuman Primates and Human Tissue
    • References
  • Chapter 7. Introduction to Basic Mechanisms of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
    • Basic Principles of Nerve Stimulation With Magnetic Pulses
    • Effect of TMS on Motor Cortex
    • I-Waves
    • TMS of Motor Cortex Excites Inhibitory as Well as Excitatory Neurons: Paired Pulse Evidence
    • Models
    • Synaptic Plasticity
    • References
  • Chapter 8. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: From Historical Foundations to Future Directions
    • Abstract
    • History
    • Technical Aspects
    • Parameters of Stimulation
    • Safety
    • Clinical Application
    • Future Directions
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • Chapter 9. Viral Vectors and Other Modulatory Biologics
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Viral Vectors
    • Adenovirus
    • Adeno-Associated Virus
    • Herpes Simplex Virus
    • Lentivirus (Retrovirus)
    • Nonviral Vector-Mediated Gene Therapy
    • Viral-Mediated Neuromodulation and Gene Therapy for Neurological Disease
    • Parkinson Disease
    • Chronic Pain
    • Epilepsy
    • Psychiatric Disorders
    • Conclusions
    • References
• Section III: Innovative Thinking
  • Chapter 10. Neuroprosthetic Advances
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • From an Electrophysiological “Brace” Toward a Neuroprosthetic Device
    • Neuroprosthetic Devices for Control of Movement via Peripheral Sensory Nerve Stimulation
    • Neuroprosthetic Devices Based on Spinal Cord Stimulation of Posterior Structures of the Spinal Cord
    • Neuroprosthesis for Motor Control Available Today
    • References
  • Chapter 11. Neuromodulation for Memory
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Validation of Hemispheric Encoding-Retrieval Asymmetry (HERA) Model
    • Motor Memory—Interhemispheric Competition Model
    • Recovery of Motor Memory After Stroke
    • Deep Brain Stimulation for Declarative Memory and Dementia
    • Optogenetic Isolation of Memory Engrams
    • Conclusion
    • Key Questions
    • References
  • Chapter 12. Deep Brain Stimulation for Vegetative State and Minimally Conscious State
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Patients and Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion and Conclusions
    • References
  • Chapter 13. Neuromodulation as a Bypass—Spinal Cord Injury
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Recording
    • Proof of Concept
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Conclusion
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
  • Chapter 14. Neuromodulation for Psychiatric Disorders
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Accepted Indications
    • Experimental
    • Neuromodulation in Other Psychiatric Indications
    • Conclusion
    • References
• Index

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