Human Behavior in the Social Environment: Theories for Social Work Practice
Lýsing:
An accessible and engaging guide to the study of human behavior in the social environment, covering every major theoretical approach Providing an overview of the major human behavioral theories used to guide social work practice with individuals, families, small groups, and organizations, Human Behavior in the Social Environment examines a different theoretical approach in each chapterfrom its historical and conceptual origins to its relevance to social work and clinical applications.
Each chapter draws on a theoretical approach to foster understanding of normative individual human development and the etiology of dysfunctional behavior, as well as to provide guidance in the application of social work intervention. Edited by a team of scholars, Human Behavior in the Social Environment addresses the Council on Social Work Education's required competencies for accreditation (EPAS) and explores: Respondent Learning theory Operant Learning theory Cognitive-Behavioral theory Attachment theory Psychosocial theory Person-Centered theory Genetic theory Ecosystems theory Small Group theory Family Systems theory Organizational theory.
Annað
- Höfundur: Bruce Thyer
- Útgáfa:1
- Útgáfudagur: 2012-07-23
- Blaðsíður: 552
- Hægt að prenta út 10 bls.
- Hægt að afrita 2 bls.
- Format:Page Fidelity
- ISBN 13: 9781118227251
- Print ISBN: 9781118176948
- ISBN 10: 1118227255
Efnisyfirlit
- Human Behavior in the Social Environment
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- About the Editors
- Contributors
- Chapter 1 Human Behavior and the Social Environment: Exploring Conceptual Foundations
- Scholarly and Professional Dilemmas Related to Human Behavior and the Social Environment
- Development of the Social Work Knowledge Base
- The Utility of Middle Range Theory
- Issues Related to Levels of Analysis
- Characterizing the Nature of the Relationship Between Persons and Their Environments
- Development of the Human Behavior and Social Environment Construct
- General Background
- Council on Social Work Education Standards
- Empirical Perspectives
- Debates Around the Human Behavior and the Social Environment Curriculum
- A Selection of Frameworks That Address Linkages Between Human Behavior and the Social Environment
- Life Course Perspectives
- Extensions of Life Course Approaches
- Life Course Approach: An Application
- Highlighting Historical Time and Place: Mid- and Late Adulthood
- Adolescence and Early Adulthood: Timing, Agency, and Opportunity
- Linked Lives: Infants and Young Children
- Cultural Understanding of Human Development
- Opportunity Framework
- Social Capital Theory
- Neighborhood Effects
- Institutional Theory
- The Social Environment: Key Concepts
- Structure and Process
- Elements of Structure
- Elements of Process
- Practitioner–Environment Interaction
- Frameworks for Linking Knowledge to Practice
- Risk and Resilience
- Stress and Coping
- Conclusion
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Scholarly and Professional Dilemmas Related to Human Behavior and the Social Environment
- Chapter 2 Respondent Learning Theory
- Respondent Learning Processes
- Unconditioned Stimuli
- Conditioned Stimuli
- Timing Is Everything!
- Respondent Extinction
- Vicarious Conditioning
- Spontaneous Recovery
- Respondent Discrimination
- Sensitization
- Second-Order Conditioning (or Higher-Order Conditioning)
- Naturally Occurring Examples of Respondent Learning in Real Life
- Experimental Examples of Respondent Learning
- Experimentally Induced Pupillary Constriction
- Conditioned Sucking in Newborn Babies
- Respondent Conditioning of Private Events
- Examples of Respondent Learning of Psychosocial Problems
- Learned Social Anxiety
- Anticipatory Nausea Among Cancer Chemotherapy Patients
- Phobic Disorders
- Sexual Paraphilias
- Racism
- Using Respondent Learning in Social Work Practice
- Using Respondent Extinction
- Masturbatory Reconditioning
- Creating Conditioned Reactions
- Lamaze Training for Pregnant Women
- The Bell and Pad Device to Treat Enuresis
- Aversion Therapies
- Philosophical Foundations of Respondent Learning
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Respondent Learning Processes
- Chapter 3 Operant Learning Theory
- Historical and Conceptual Origins
- Basic Theoretical Principles
- Reinforcement
- Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Reinforcement
- Secondary or Conditioned Reinforcement
- Schedules of Reinforcement
- Recent Research on Schedules of Reinforcement With Humans
- Extinction
- Punishment
- Stimulus Control
- Building Behavior by Shaping and Chaining
- Modeling and Imitative Behavior
- Advanced Theoretical Principles
- Rule-Governed Behavior
- Self-Control
- Recent Theoretical Developments
- Functional Analysis of Problem Behaviors
- Matching Law
- Stimulus Equivalence and Relational Frame Theory
- Relevance to Social Work Practice
- Uses in Assessment
- Uses in Intervention
- Critiques of the Operant Learning Approach
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Chapter 4 Cognitive-Behavioral Theory
- Relevance to Contemporary Practitioners
- Overview of Cognitive-Behavioral Theory
- Historical and Conceptual Origins
- Basic Theoretical Principles
- Mediational Model
- Information Processing
- Self-Regulation
- The Importance of Environment
- Advanced Theoretical Principles
- Core Beliefs
- Cognitive Errors
- Recent Theoretical Developments
- Relevance to Social Work Practice
- Uses in Assessment
- Uses in Intervention
- Evidence-Based Foundations
- Critiques of This Approach
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Chapter 5 Attachment Theory
- Historical and Conceptual Origins
- Advanced Theoretical Principles
- Recent Theoretical Developments
- Relevance to Social Work Practice
- Uses in Assessment
- Uses in Intervention
- Critiques of This Approach
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Chapter 6 Psychosocial Theory
- Developmental Theory
- Historical and Conceptual Origins
- Freudian Origins
- Erikson’s Historical View
- Basic Theoretical Principles
- Psychosocial Theory
- Epigenetic Principle
- Psychosocial Crisis
- Ego Qualities Versus Core Pathologies
- Radii of Significant Relationships
- Psychosocial Stage Theory
- Advanced Theoretical Principles
- Recent Theoretical Developments
- Identity Formation
- Critical Life Events
- Relevance to Social Work Practice
- Uses in Assessment
- Uses in Intervention
- Life Review
- Evidence-Based Foundations: Erikson on Erikson
- Critiques of This Approach
- Gilligan on Erikson
- Paradigm Shifts
- A Social Work Context on Development
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Chapter 7 Person-Centered Theory
- Historical and Conceptual Origins
- Basic Theoretical Principles
- Human Nature
- The Three Core Conditions Sustaining Person-Centered Theory and the Role of the Therapist
- Personality
- Stages of the Therapeutic Process
- Advanced Theoretical Principles
- Conceptual Constructs
- Personality
- Stages of the Therapeutic Process
- Recent Theoretical Developments
- Relevance to Social Work
- Assessment
- Intervention
- Evidence-Based Foundations
- Theory
- Practice
- Research
- Critiques of This Approach
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Chapter 8 Genetic Theory
- The Eukaryotic Cell
- Chromosomes
- Reproduction
- Mitosis
- Mendelian Genetics
- The Process of Meiosis
- Meiosis I
- Meiosis II
- Pedigrees
- DNA and RNA
- The Hereditary Information Molecules
- The Genetics of Gender
- Sex-Linked Genetics
- Genetic Counseling
- Genetic Engineering
- The Human Genome Project
- Conclusion
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Chapter 9 Ecosystems Theory
- The Ecosystems Perspective in Social Work
- Origins of the Perspective
- The Rationale for Ecosystems in Social Work
- Systemic Versus Linear Perspectives
- The Conceptual Roots of the Ecosystems Perspective
- Ecosystems: Science or Metaphor?
- Ecological Theory
- General Systems Theory
- Recent Advances in Systems Thought
- Evaluating the Ecosystems Perspective
- Connectedness and the Transactional Focus
- Utility for Assessment
- Returning to the Science
- Mapping Practice
- Conclusion
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- The Ecosystems Perspective in Social Work
- Chapter 10 Small Group Theory
- Definitions
- History and Conceptual Origins
- Small Group Practice and Professionalization
- Theoretical Underpinnings of Small Group Work
- Basic Theoretical Principles
- Systems Theory
- Psychoanalytic Theory
- Social Learning Theory
- Recent Theoretical Developments
- Cognitive-Behavioral Model
- Mutual Aid Model
- Relevance to Social Work Practice
- Uses in Assessment
- Uses in Intervention
- Multicultural Group Work
- Evidence-Based Foundations
- Critiques of This Approach
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Chapter 11 Family Systems Theory
- Historical and Conceptual Origins
- Basic Theoretical Principles
- Advanced Theoretical Principles
- Recent Theoretical Developments
- Relevance to Social Work Practice
- Uses in Assessment
- Uses in Intervention
- Evidence-Based Foundations
- Critiques of This Theory
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Chapter 12 Organizational Theory
- Organizational Behavior
- Social Organization
- Social Organizations
- Levels of Social Organization
- Formal Organization
- The Importance of Formal Organizations
- Historical and Conceptual Origins
- Early 20th Century
- 1940s and 1950s
- 1980s and 1990s
- Basic Theoretical Principles
- Principle 1: Organizations Are Social Institutions
- Principle 2: Organizations Have a Structure
- Principle 3: Organizations Have Formal and Informal Systems
- Principle 4: Organizations Have a Culture
- Principle 5: Organizations Have a Life Cycle
- Principle 6: Organizations Require Leadership and Management
- Principle 7: Organizations Are of Different Focal Types
- Principle 8: Organizations Sometimes Produce the Opposite of Their Intended Goal
- Principle 9: Organizations Are Central to Meaning Making for Citizens in Industrial Societies
- Advanced Theoretical Principles
- Interorganizational Theory of Organizational Differentiation
- Organizational Environments
- Issues of Organizational Effectiveness
- Linear (More) Versus Multivariate Concepts of Success and Excellence
- The Problems of Organization Superperformance and Malperformance
- Organizations Can Enhance or Exhaust the Human System
- Positive Organizational Scholarship
- Sick Organizations
- Recent Theoretical Developments
- Emotion Work in the Workplace
- New Approaches to Imagining Organizations
- Organizational Kaleidoscopes: Disciplinary Perspectives
- Executive Derailment and Calamity
- Organizational Decision Making
- Diversity and Organizations
- Relevance to Social Work Practice
- Overall Social Work Demographics
- Nonprofit Sector
- Trends in the Nonprofit Social Service Sector
- Uses in Assessment and Intervention
- Evidence-Based Foundations
- Critiques of This Approach
- Conclusion
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Organizational Behavior
- Chapter 13 The Potentially Harmful Effects of Theory in Social Work
- Some Harmful Effects of Bad Theory
- Teaching Bad Theory Wastes Time in Education and Training
- Teaching Bad Theory Detracts From Time Spent Teaching Evidence-Based Content
- Investigating Bad Theory Wastes Researchers’ Time and Resources
- Basing Practice on Bad Theory Can Result in Ineffective or Harmful Practices
- Theory Can Place Intellectual Blinders on Practitioners and Researchers
- Legitimate Research Aimed at Testing Theory May Degenerate Into Attempting to Prove That a Given The
- These authors bluntly concluded:
- Theory Can Promote the Rise of Authority Figures and of Cult-Like Phenomena
- Theory Can Promote Division Between Researchers and Practitioners
- Where Can We Go From Here?
- What Are Alternatives to Basing Education, Practice, and Research Primarily on Theory?
- Alternatives in Social Work Education
- Alternatives in Social Work Practice and Research
- Conclusion
- Key Terms
- Review Questions for Critical Thinking
- Online Resources
- References
- Some Harmful Effects of Bad Theory
- Author Index
- Subject Index
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