Efnisyfirlit

• Periodic Table of the Elements
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Pearson’s Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
• Contents
• About the Authors
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Chapter 1. Matter: Its Properties and Measurement
  • 1-1 The Scientific Method
  • 1-2 Properties of Matter
  • 1-3 Classification of Matter
  • 1-4 Measurement of Matter: SI (Metric) Units
  • 1-5 Density and Percent Composition: Their Use in Problem Solving
  • 1-6 Uncertainties in Scientific Measurements
  • 1-7 Significant Figures
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 2. Atoms and the Atomic Theory
  • 2-1 Early Chemical Discoveries and the Atomic Theory
  • 2-2 Electrons and Other Discoveries in Atomic Physics
  • 2-3 The Nuclear Atom
  • 2-4 Chemical Elements
  • 2-5 Atomic Mass
  • 2-6 Introduction to the Periodic Table
  • 2-7 The Concept of the Mole and the Avogadro Constant
  • 2-8 Using the Mole Concept in Calculations
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 3. Chemical Compounds
  • 3-1 Types of Chemical Compounds and Their Formulas
  • 3-2 The Mole Concept and Chemical Compounds
  • 3-3 Composition of Chemical Compounds
  • 3-4 Oxidation States: A Useful Tool in Describing Chemical Compounds
  • 3-5 Naming Compounds: Organic and Inorganic Compounds
  • 3-6 Names and Formulas of Inorganic Compounds
  • 3-7 Names and Formulas of Organic Compounds
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 4. Chemical Reactions
  • 4-1 Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations
  • 4-2 Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry
  • 4-3 Chemical Reactions in Solution
  • 4-4 Determining the Limiting Reactant
  • 4-5 Other Practical Matters in Reaction Stoichiometry
  • 4-6 The Extent of Reaction
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 5. Introduction to Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
  • 5-1 The Nature of Aqueous Solutions
  • 5-2 Precipitation Reactions
  • 5-3 Acid–Base Reactions
  • 5-4 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions: Some General Principles
  • 5-5 Balancing Oxidation–Reduction Equations
  • 5-6 Oxidizing and Reducing Agents
  • 5-7 Stoichiometry of Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: Titrations
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 6. Gases
  • 6-1 Properties of Gases: Gas Pressure
  • 6-2 The Simple Gas Laws
  • 6-3 Combining the Gas Laws: The Ideal Gas Equation and the General Gas Equation
  • 6-4 Applications of the Ideal Gas Equation
  • 6-5 Gases in Chemical Reactions
  • 6-6 Mixtures of Gases
  • 6-7 Kinetic–Molecular Theory of Gases
  • 6-8 Gas Properties Relating to the Kinetic–Molecular Theory
  • 6-9 Nonideal (Real) Gases
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 7. Thermochemistry
  • 7-1 Getting Started: Some Terminology
  • 7-2 Heat
  • 7-3 Heats of Reaction and Calorimetry
  • 7-4 Work
  • 7-5 The First Law of Thermodynamics
  • 7-6 Application of the First Law to Chemical and Physical Changes
  • 7-7 Indirect Determination of ΔrH: Hess’s Law
  • 7-8 Standard Enthalpies of Formation
  • 7-9 Fuels as Sources of Energy
  • 7-10 Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes: An Introduction
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 8. Electrons in Atoms
  • 8-1 Electromagnetic Radiation
  • 8-2 Prelude to Quantum Theory
  • 8-3 Energy Levels, Spectrum, and Ionization Energy of the Hydrogen Atom
  • 8-4 Two Ideas Leading to Quantum Mechanics
  • 8-5 Wave Mechanics
  • 8-6 Quantum Theory of the Hydrogen Atom
  • 8-7 Interpreting and Representing the Orbitals of the Hydrogen Atom
  • 8-8 Electron Spin: A Fourth Quantum Number
  • 8-9 Multielectron Atoms
  • 8-10 Electron Configurations
  • 8-11 Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 9. The Periodic Table and Some Atomic Properties
  • 9-1 Classifying the Elements: The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table
  • 9-2 Metals and Nonmetals and Their Ions
  • 9-3 Sizes of Atoms and Ions
  • 9-4 Ionization Energy
  • 9-5 Electron Affinity
  • 9-6 Magnetic Properties
  • 9-7 Polarizability
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 10. Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts
  • 10-1 Lewis Theory: An Overview
  • 10-2 Covalent Bonding: An Introduction
  • 10-3 Polar Covalent Bonds and Electrostatic Potential Maps
  • 10-4 Writing Lewis Structures
  • 10-5 Resonance
  • 10-6 Exceptions to the Octet Rule
  • 10-7 Shapes of Molecules
  • 10-8 Bond Order and Bond Lengths
  • 10-9 Bond Energies
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 11. Chemical Bonding II: Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital Theories
  • 11-1 What a Bonding Theory Should Do
  • 11-2 Introduction to the Valence Bond Method
  • 11-3 Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals
  • 11-4 Multiple Covalent Bonds
  • 11-5 Molecular Orbital Theory
  • 11-6 Delocalized Electrons: An Explanation Based on Molecular Orbital Theory
  • 11-7 Some Unresolved Issues: Can Electron Density Plots Help?
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 12. Intermolecular Forces: Liquids and Solids
  • 12-1 Intermolecular Forces
  • 12-2 Some Properties of Liquids
  • 12-3 Some Properties of Solids
  • 12-4 Phase Diagrams
  • 12-5 The Nature of Bonding in Solids
  • 12-6 Crystal Structures
  • 12-7 Energy Changes in the Formation of Ionic Crystals
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 13. Spontaneous Change: Entropy and Gibbs Energy
  • 13-1 Entropy: Boltzmann’s View
  • 13-2 Entropy Change: Clausius’s View
  • 13-3 Combining Boltzmann’s and Clausius’s Ideas: Absolute Entropies
  • 13-4 Criterion for Spontaneous Change: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  • 13-5 Gibbs Energy Change of a System of Variable Composition: ΔrG° and ΔrG
  • 13-6 ΔrG° and K as Functions of Temperature
  • 13-7 Coupled Reactions
  • 13-8 Chemical Potential and Thermodynamics of Spontaneous Chemical Change
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 14. Solutions and Their Physical Properties
  • 14-1 Types of Solutions: Some Terminology
  • 14-2 Solution Concentration
  • 14-3 Intermolecular Forces and the Solution Process
  • 14-4 Solution Formation and Equilibrium
  • 14-5 Solubilities of Gases
  • 14-6 Vapor Pressures of Solutions
  • 14-7 Osmotic Pressure
  • 14-8 Freezing-Point Depression and Boiling-Point Elevation of Nonelectrolyte Solutions
  • 14-9 Solutions of Electrolytes
  • 14-10 Colloidal Mixtures
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 15. Chemical Kinetics
  • 15-1 Rate of a Chemical Reaction
  • 15-2 Measuring Reaction Rates
  • 15-3 Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rates: The Rate Law
  • 15-4 Zero-Order Reactions
  • 15-5 First-Order Reactions
  • 15-6 Second-Order Reactions
  • 15-7 Reaction Kinetics: A Summary
  • 15-8 Theoretical Models for Chemical Kinetics
  • 15-9 The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rates
  • 15-10 Reaction Mechanisms
  • 15-11 Catalysis
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 16. Principles of Chemical Equilibrium
  • 16-1 The Nature of the Equilibrium State
  • 16-2 The Equilibrium Constant Expression
  • 16-3 Relationships Involving Equilibrium Constants
  • 16-4 The Magnitude of an Equilibrium Constant
  • 16-5 Predicting the Direction of Net Chemical Change
  • 16-6 Altering Equilibrium Conditions: Le Châtelier’s Principle
  • 16-7 Equilibrium Calculations: Some Illustrative Examples
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 17. Acids and Bases
  • 17-1 Acids, Bases, and Conjugate Acid–Base Pairs
  • 17-2 Self-Ionization of Water and the pH Scale
  • 17-3 Ionization of Acids and Bases in Water
  • 17-4 Strong Acids and Strong Bases
  • 17-5 Weak Acids and Weak Bases
  • 17-6 Polyprotic Acids
  • 17-7 Simultaneous or Consecutive Acid–Base Reactions: A General Approach
  • 17-8 Ions as Acids and Bases
  • 17-9 Qualitative Aspects of Acid–Base Reactions
  • 17-10 Molecular Structure and Acid–Base Behavior
  • 17-11 Lewis Acids and Bases
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 18. Additional Aspects of Acid–Base Equilibria
  • 18-1 Common-Ion Effect in Acid–Base Equilibria
  • 18-2 Buffer Solutions
  • 18-3 Acid–Base Indicators
  • 18-4 Neutralization Reactions and Titration Curves
  • 18-5 Solutions of Salts of Polyprotic Acids
  • 18-6 Acid–Base Equilibrium Calculations: A Summary
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 19. Solubility and Complex-Ion Equilibria
  • 19-1 Solubility Product Constant, Ksp
  • 19-2 Relationship Between Solubility and Ksp
  • 19-3 Common-Ion Effect in Solubility Equilibria
  • 19-4 Limitations of the Ksp Concept
  • 19-5 Criteria for Precipitation and Its Completeness
  • 19-6 Fractional Precipitation
  • 19-7 Solubility and pH
  • 19-8 Equilibria Involving Complex Ions
  • 19-9 Qualitative Cation Analysis
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 20. Electrochemistry
  • 20-1 Electrode Potentials and Their Measurement
  • 20-2 Standard Electrode Potentials
  • 20-3 Ecell, ΔrG, and K
  • 20-4 Ecell as a Function of Concentrations
  • 20-5 Batteries: Producing Electricity Through Chemical Reactions
  • 20-6 Corrosion: Unwanted Voltaic Cells
  • 20-7 Electrolysis: Causing Nonspontaneous Reactions to Occur
  • 20-8 Industrial Electrolysis Processes
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 21. Chemistry of the Main-Group Elements I: Groups 1, 2, 13, and 14
  • 21-1 Periodic Trends and Charge Density
  • 21-2 Group 1: The Alkali Metals
  • 21-3 Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals
  • 21-4 Group 13: The Boron Family
  • 21-5 Group 14: The Carbon Family
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 22. Chemistry of the Main-Group Elements II: Groups 18, 17, 16, 15, and Hydrogen
  • 22-1 Periodic Trends in Bonding
  • 22-2 Group 18: The Noble Gases
  • 22-3 Group 17: The Halogens
  • 22-4 Group 16: The Oxygen Family
  • 22-5 Group 15: The Nitrogen Family
  • 22-6 Hydrogen: A Unique Element
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 23. The Transition Elements
  • 23-1 General Properties
  • 23-2 Principles of Extractive Metallurgy
  • 23-3 Metallurgy of Iron and Steel
  • 23-4 First-Row Transition Metal Elements: Scandium to Manganese
  • 23-5 The Iron Triad: Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel
  • 23-6 Group 11: Copper, Silver, and Gold
  • 23-7 Group 12: Zinc, Cadmium, and Mercury
  • 23-8 Lanthanides
  • 23-9 High-Temperature Superconductors
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 24. Complex Ions and Coordination Compounds
  • 24-1 Werner’s Theory of Coordination Compounds: An Overview
  • 24-2 Ligands
  • 24-3 Nomenclature
  • 24-4 Isomerism
  • 24-5 Bonding in Complex Ions: Crystal Field Theory
  • 24-6 Magnetic Properties of Coordination Compounds and Crystal Field Theory
  • 24-7 Color and the Colors of Complexes
  • 24-8 Aspects of Complex-Ion Equilibria
  • 24-9 Acid–Base Reactions of Complex Ions
  • 24-10 Some Kinetic Considerations
  • 24-11 Applications of Coordination Chemistry
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 25. Nuclear Chemistry
  • 25-1 Radioactivity
  • 25-2 Naturally Occurring Radioactive Isotopes
  • 25-3 Nuclear Reactions and Artificially Induced Radioactivity
  • 25-4 Transuranium Elements
  • 25-5 Rate of Radioactive Decay
  • 25-6 Energetics of Nuclear Reactions
  • 25-7 Nuclear Stability
  • 25-8 Nuclear Fission
  • 25-9 Nuclear Fusion
  • 25-10 Effect of Radiation on Matter
  • 25-11 Applications of Radioisotopes
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problems
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 26. Structures of Organic Compounds
  • 26-1 Organic Compounds and Structures: An Overview
  • 26-2 Alkanes
  • 26-3 Cycloalkanes
  • 26-4 Stereoisomerism in Organic Compounds
  • 26-5 Alkenes and Alkynes
  • 26-6 Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  • 26-7 Organic Compounds Containing Functional Groups
  • 26-8 From Molecular Formula to Molecular Structure
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problem
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 27. Reactions of Organic Compounds
  • 27-1 Organic Reactions: An Introduction
  • 27-2 Introduction to Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
  • 27-3 Introduction to Elimination Reactions
  • 27-4 Reactions of Alcohols
  • 27-5 Introduction to Addition Reactions: Reactions of Alkenes
  • 27-6 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
  • 27-7 Reactions of Alkanes
  • 27-8 Polymers and Polymerization Reactions
  • 27-9 Synthesis of Organic Compounds
  • Summary
  • Integrative Example
  • Exercises
  • Integrative and Advanced Exercises
  • Feature Problem
  • Self-Assessment Exercises
• Chapter 28. Chemistry of the Living State
  • 28-1 Chemical Structure of Living Matter: An Overview
  • 28-2 Lipids
  • 28-3 Carbohydrates
  • 28-4 Proteins
  • 28-5 Aspects of Metabolism
  • 28-6 Nucleic Acids
• Appendices
  • Appendix A. Mathematical Operations
  • Appendix B. Some Basic Physical Concepts
  • Appendix C. SI Units
  • Appendix D. Data Tables
  • Appendix E. Concept Maps
  • Appendix F. Glossary
  • Appendix G. Answers to Practice Examples and Selected Exercises
  • Appendix H. Answers to Concept Assessment Questions
• Index
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E
  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P
  • Q
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
  • V
  • W
  • X
  • Y
  • Z
• The Elements
• Constants, Factors, and Formulas
• Locations of Important Data and Other Useful Information

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