Economics, European edition
Höfundar: Michael Parkin, Melanie Powell, Kent Matthews
5.490 kr.
Lýsing:
Take your first learning steps in the essential Principles of Economics and follow in the footsteps of all leading economists! Economics touches almost every aspect of life: from climate change to terrorism, taxes to house prices, and wages to how much time one spends studying! Economics 11th edition retains the hallmarks of previous editions, providing a detailed overview of the principles of economics, showcasing how economic theories apply to real-world data, recent events, and examples.
Specific features such as 'Economics in Action' and 'Economics in the News' incorporate the latest developments in Eurozone and UK policy, including Brexit and the impact of COVID-19 on the economy. The text aims at helping you think like an economist, enabling you to evaluate economic policies, understand human behaviour, develop critical thinking skills and make more informed decisions. Take your first learning steps like all leading economists once did with a course in the principles of economics, and learn to think like an economist with this comprehensive text! Personalise learning with MyLab® Economics.
By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, MyLab Economics personalises the learning experience and improves results for each student. Parkin, Powell & Matthews, Economics (European), 11th edition PLUS MyLab Economics with eText access card Pack (9781292424767) consists of: 9781292424750 Economics, 11e (print book) 9781292424774 MyLab Economics Instant Access Card 9781292424781 MyLab Economics eText Pearson, the world's learning company.
NOTE: Before purchasing, check with your instructor to confirm the correct ISBN. Several versions of the MyLab® and Mastering® platforms exist for each title, and registrations are not transferable. To register for and use MyLab or Mastering, you may also need a Course ID, which your instructor will provide. If purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson, the access codes for the MyLab platform may not be included, may be incorrect, or may be previously redeemed.
Annað
- Höfundar: Michael Parkin, Melanie Powell, Kent Matthews
- Útgáfa:11
- Útgáfudagur: 2021-11-25
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- Format:Page Fidelity
- ISBN 13: 9781292424798
- Print ISBN: 9781292424750
- ISBN 10: 1292424796
Efnisyfirlit
- Half Title
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Brief Contents
- Contents
- Part 1 The Scope of Economics
- Chapter 1 What Is Economics?
- A Definition of Economics
- Two Big Economic Questions
- What, How and For Whom?
- Do Choices Made in the Pursuit of Self-interest also Promote the Social Interest?
- The Economic Way of Thinking
- A Choice Is a Trade-Off
- Making a Rational Choice
- Benefit: What You Gain
- Cost: What You Must Give Up
- How Much? Choosing at the Margin
- Choices Respond to Incentives
- Economics as a Social Science and Policy Tool
- Economist as Social Scientist
- Economist as Policy Adviser
- Economics in the News The Internet for Everyone
- Summary (Key Points and Key Terms), a Worked Problem, Study Plan Problems and Applications, and Addi
- Chapter 1 Appendix: Graphs in Economics
- Graphing Data
- Scatter Diagrams
- Breaks in the Axes
- Misleading Graphs
- Correlation and Causation
- Graphs Used in Economic Models
- Variables That Move in the Same Direction
- Variables That Move in Opposite Directions
- Variables That Have a Maximum or a Minimum
- Variables That Are Unrelated
- Slope of a Relationship
- Slope of a Straight Line
- Slope of a Curved Line
- Graphing Relationships Among More Than Two Variables
- Ceteris Paribus
- When Other Things Change
- Mathematical Note Equations of Straight Lines
- Chapter 2 The Economic Problem
- Production Possibilities and Opportunity Cost
- Production Possibilities Frontier
- Production Efficiency
- Trade-Off Along the PPF
- Opportunity Cost
- Using Resources Efficiently
- The PPF and Marginal Cost
- Preferences and Marginal Benefit
- Efficient Use of Resources
- Economic Growth
- The Cost of Economic Growth
- Gains from Trade
- Comparative Advantage and Absolute Advantage
- Achieving the Gains from Trade
- Economic Coordination
- Firms
- Markets
- Property Rights
- Money
- Circular Flows Through Markets
- Coordinating Decisions
- Economics in the News Expanding Production Possibilities
- Production Possibilities and Opportunity Cost
- Chapter 1 What Is Economics?
- Chapter 3 Demand and Supply
- Markets and Prices
- Competitive Market
- Demand
- The Law of Demand
- Demand Curve and Demand Schedule
- Change in Demand
- Change in the Quantity Demanded versus Change in Demand
- Supply
- The Law of Supply
- Supply Curve and Supply Schedule
- Change in Supply
- Change in the Quantity Supplied versus Change in Supply
- Market Equilibrium
- Price as a Regulator
- Price Adjustments
- Predicting Changes in Price and Quantity
- Increase in Demand
- Decrease in Demand
- Increase in Supply
- Decrease in Supply
- Changes in Both Demand and Supply
- Economics in the News Demand and Supply of Hand Sanitiser
- Mathematical Note Demand, Supply and Equilibrium
- Markets and Prices
- Chapter 4 Elasticity
- Price Elasticity of Demand
- Calculating the Price Elasticity of Demand
- Inelastic and Elastic Demand
- Factors That Influence the Elasticity of Demand
- Elasticity Along a Linear Demand Curve
- Total Revenue and Elasticity
- Your Expenditure and Your Elasticity
- More Elasticities of Demand
- Income Elasticity of Demand
- Cross Elasticity of Demand
- Elasticity of Supply
- Calculating the Elasticity of Supply
- Factors That Influence the Elasticity of Supply
- Economics in the News The Elasticity of Supply of Face Masks
- Price Elasticity of Demand
- Chapter 5 Efficiency and Equity
- Resource Allocation Methods
- Market Price
- Command
- Majority Rule
- Contest
- First-Come, First-Served
- Lottery
- Personal Characteristics
- Force
- Benefit, Cost and Surplus
- Demand, Willingness to Pay and Value
- Individual Demand and Market Demand
- Consumer Surplus
- Supply and Marginal Cost
- Supply, Cost and Minimum Supply-Price
- Individual Supply and Market Supply
- Producer Surplus
- Is the Competitive Market Efficient?
- Efficiency of Competitive Equilibrium
- Market Failure
- Sources of Market Failure
- Alternatives to the Market
- Is the Competitive Market Fair?
- It's Not Fair if the Result Isn't Fair
- It's Not Fair if the Rules Aren't Fair
- Case Study: A Shortage of Hotel Rooms in a Natural Disaster
- Economics in the News Covid-19 Price Gouging
- Resource Allocation Methods
- Chapter 6 Government Actions in Markets
- A Housing Market with a Rent Ceiling
- A Housing Shortage
- Increased Search Activity
- A Black Market
- Inefficiency of Rent Ceilings
- Are Rent Ceilings Fair?
- Allocating Housing Among Demanders
- A Labour Market with a Minimum Wage
- Minimum Wage Brings Unemployment
- Is the Minimum Wage Fair?
- Inefficiency of a Minimum Wage
- Taxes
- Tax Incidence
- A Tax on Sellers
- A Tax on Buyers
- Equivalence of Tax on Buyers and Sellers
- Tax Incidence and Elasticity of Demand
- Tax Incidence and Elasticity of Supply
- Taxes and Efficiency
- Taxes and Fairness
- Production Quotas and Subsidies and Price Supports
- Production Quotas
- Production Subsidies
- Price Supports
- Markets for Illegal Goods
- Economics in the News Inefficient Rent Ceilings
- A Housing Market with a Rent Ceiling
- Chapter 7 Global Markets in Action
- How Global Markets Work
- International Trade Today
- What Drives International Trade?
- Why the UK Imports Cars
- Why the UK Exports Chemicals
- Winners, Losers and the Net Gain from Trade
- Gains and Losses from Imports
- Gains and Losses from Exports
- Gains for All
- International Trade Restrictions
- Tariffs
- Import Quotas
- Export Subsidies
- Other Import Barriers
- The Case Against Protection
- Helps an Infant Industry Grow
- Counteracts Dumping
- Saves Domestic Jobs
- Allows the UK to Compete with Cheap Foreign Labour
- Penalises Lax Environmental Standards
- Prevents Rich Countries from Exploiting Developing Countries
- Reduces Offshore Outsourcing that Sends Good UK Jobs Abroad
- Avoiding Trade Wars
- Why Is International Trade Restricted?
- Compensating Losers
- Economics in the News Brexit: Free Trade in Raw Sugar
- How Global Markets Work
- Chapter 8 Households' Choices
- Consumption Possibilities
- Budget Line
- Budget Equation
- Preferences and Indifference Curves
- Marginal Rate of Substitution
- Degree of Substitutability
- Predicting Consumer Behaviour
- Best Affordable Choice
- Price Effect
- Income Effect
- Substitution Effect and Income Effect
- New Ways of Explaining Household's Choices
- Behavioural Economics
- Neuroeconomics
- Controversy
- Economics in the News Preferences and Choices
- Consumption Possibilities
- Chapter 9 Organising Production
- The Firm and Its Economic Problem
- The Firm's Goal
- Accounting Profit
- Economic Accounting
- Opportunity Cost of Production
- Economic Accounting: A Summary
- The Firm's Decisions
- The Firm's Constraints
- Technological and Economic Efficiency
- Technological Efficiency
- Economic Efficiency
- Information and Organisation
- Command Systems
- Incentive Systems
- The Principal-Agent Problem
- Coping with the Principal-Agent Problem
- Types of Business Organisations
- Pros and Cons of Different Types of Firms
- Markets and the Competitive Environment
- Identifying Market Structure
- UK Market Structures
- Produce or Outsource? Firms and Markets
- Firm Coordination
- Market Coordination
- Why Firms?
- Economics in the News Competition in Markets for Internet Advertising
- The Firm and Its Economic Problem
- Chapter 10 Output and Costs
- Time Frames for Decisions
- Short Run
- Long Run
- Short-Run Technology Constraint
- Product Schedules and Curves
- Total Product Curve
- Marginal Product Curve
- Average Product Curve
- Short-Run Cost
- Total Cost
- Marginal Cost
- Average Cost
- Cost Curves and Product Curves
- Shifts in the Cost Curves
- Long-Run Cost
- Production Function
- Short-Run Cost and Long-Run Cost
- Long-Run Average Cost Curve
- Economies and Diseconomies of Scale
- Economics in the News Expanding Capacity at Amazon
- Chapter 10 Appendix: Producing at Least Cost
- Isoquants and Factor Substitution
- Isoquant Map
- Marginal Rate of Substitution
- Isocost Lines
- Isocost Equation
- Isocost Map
- The Effect of Factor Prices
- Least-Cost Technique
- Marginal Rate of Substitution and Marginal Products
- Marginal Cost
- Making Connections
- Time Frames for Decisions
- What Is Perfect Competition?
- How Perfect Competition Arises
- Price Takers
- Economic Profit and Revenue
- The Firm's Decisions
- The Firm's Output Decision
- Marginal Analysis
- Temporary Shutdown Decision
- Firm's Short-Run Supply Curve
- Output, Price and Profit in the Short Run
- Market Supply in the Short Run
- Short-Run Equilibrium
- Change in Demand
- Profits and Losses in the Short Run
- Output, Price and Profit in the Long Run
- Entry and Exit
- Closer Look at Entry
- Closer Look at Exit
- Long-Run Equilibrium
- Changes in Demand and Supply as Technology Advances
- Increase in Demand
- Decrease in Demand
- Technological Advances Change Supply
- Competition and Efficiency
- Efficient Use of Resources
- Choices, Equilibrium and Efficiency
- Economics in the News Perfect Competition in Hand Sanitiser
- Monopoly and How It Arises
- How Monopoly Arises
- Monopoly Price-Setting Strategies
- Single-Price Monopoly's Output and Price Decision
- Price and Marginal Revenue
- Marginal Revenue and Elasticity
- Price and Output Decision
- Single-Price Monopoly and Competition Compared
- Comparing Price and Output
- Efficiency Comparison
- Redistribution of Surpluses
- Rent Seeking
- Rent-Seeking Equilibrium
- Price Discrimination
- Two Ways of Price Discriminating
- Increase Profit and Producer Surplus
- Profiting by Price Discriminating
- Perfect Price Discrimination
- Efficiency and Rent Seeking with Price Discrimination
- Monopoly Regulation
- Efficient Regulation of a Natural Monopoly
- Second-Best Regulation of a Natural Monopoly
- Economics in the News Is Google Misusing Monopoly Power?
- What Is Monopolistic Competition?
- Large Number of Firms
- Product Differentiation
- Competing on Quality, Price and Marketing
- Entry and Exit
- Examples of Monopolistic Competition
- Price and Output in Monopolistic Competition
- The Firm's Short-Run Output and Price Decision
- Profit Maximising Might Be Loss Minimising
- Long Run: Zero Economic Profit
- Monopolistic Competition and Perfect Competition
- Is Monopolistic Competition Efficient?
- Product Development and Marketing
- Innovation and Product Development
- Advertising
- Using Advertising to Signal Quality
- Brand Names
- Efficiency of Advertising and Brand Names
- Economics in the News Product Differentiation in Robot Barista Coffee
- What Is Oligopoly?
- Barriers to Entry
- Small Number of Firms
- Examples of Oligopoly
- Oligopoly Games
- What Is a Game?
- The Prisoners' Dilemma
- An Oligopoly Price-Fixing Game
- Game of Chicken
- Repeated Games and Sequential Games
- Repeated Duopoly Game
- Sequential Entry Game in a Contestable Market
- Antitrust Law
- UK and EU Antitrust Laws
- Price Fixing Always Illegal
- Three Antitrust Policy Debates
- Mergers and Acquisitions
- Economics in the News Collusion in Airbags
- Chapter 15 Public Choices and Public Goods
- Public Choices
- Why Governments?
- Political Equilibrium
- What Is a Public Good?
- A Fourfold Classification
- Mixed Goods
- Inefficiencies that Require Public Choices
- Providing Public Goods
- Free-Rider Problem
- Marginal Social Benefit from a Public Good
- Marginal Social Cost of a Public Good
- Efficient Quantity of a Public Good
- Inefficient Private Provision
- Efficient Public Provision
- Principle of Minimum Differentiation
- Inefficient Public Overprovision
- Positive Externalities: Education and Healthcare
- Positive Externalities
- Public Choices in Education
- Healthcare Services
- Economics in the News Developing a Covid-19 Vaccine
- Public Choices
- Chapter 16 Economics of the Environment
- Negative Externalities: Pollution
- Negative Externalities
- Establish Property Rights
- Mandate Clean Technology
- Tax or Cap and Price Pollution
- Coping with Global Emissions
- The Tragedy of the Commons
- Unsustainable Use of a Common Resource
- Inefficient Use of a Common Resource
- Achieving an Efficient Outcome
- Economics in the News Onshore Wind Subsidies Boost the Move to Net Zero
- Negative Externalities: Pollution
- Chapter 17 Markets for Factors of Production
- Anatomy of Factor Markets
- Markets for Labour Services
- Markets for Capital Services
- Markets for Land Services and Natural Resources
- Entrepreneurship
- Demand for a Factor of Production
- Value of Marginal Product
- Firm's Demand for Labour
- Firm's Demand for Labour Curve
- Changes in the Demand for Labour
- Labour Markets
- Competitive Labour Market
- Differences and Trends in Wage Rates
- Immigration and the Labour Market
- Labour Market with a Union
- Capital and Natural Resource Markets
- Capital Rental Markets
- Land Rental Markets
- Non-Renewable Natural Resource Markets
- Economics in the News Gig and Sharing Economy
- Mathematical Note Present Value and Discounting
- Anatomy of Factor Markets
- Chapter 18 Economic Inequality and Redistribution
- Economic Inequality in the UK
- Distribution of Income
- Income Lorenz Curve
- Distribution of Wealth
- Wealth or Income?
- Annual or Lifetime Income and Wealth?
- Trends in Inequality
- Poverty
- Inequality in the World Economy
- Income Distributions in Selected Countries
- Global Inequality and Its Trends
- Sources of Economic Inequality
- Human Capital
- Discrimination
- Contests Among Superstars
- Unequal Wealth
- Income Redistribution
- Income Taxes
- Benefit Payments
- Subsidised Welfare Services
- The Big Trade-Off
- Economics in the News Covid-19: Impact on Inequality
- Economic Inequality in the UK
- Chapter 19 Uncertainty and Information
- Decisions in the Face of Uncertainty
- Expected Wealth
- Risk Aversion
- Utility of Wealth
- Expected Utility
- Making a Choice with Uncertainty
- Buying and Selling Risk
- Insurance Markets
- Graphical Analysis of Insurance
- Risk that Can't Be Insured
- Private Information
- Asymmetric Information: Examples and Problems
- Market for Used Cars
- Market for Loans
- Market for Insurance
- Uncertainty, Information and the Invisible Hand
- Information as a Good
- Monopoly in Markets that Cope with Uncertainty
- Economics in the News Grades as Signals
- Decisions in the Face of Uncertainty
- Chapter 20 Measuring GDP and Economic Growth
- Gross Domestic Product
- GDP Defined
- Circular Flow of Expenditure and Income
- Taxes, Market Price and Factor Cost
- Gross and Net
- Measuring UK GDP
- Expenditure Approach
- Income Approach
- Nominal GDP and Real GDP
- Calculating Real GDP
- Uses and Limitations of Real GDP
- Standard of Living Over Time
- Standard of Living Across Countries
- Limitations of Real GDP
- The Bottom Line
- Economics in the News Real GDP Through the Covid-19 Recession
- Chapter 20 Appendix: Graphs in Macroeconomics
- Time-Series Graph
- Making a Time-Series Graph
- Reading a Time-Series Graph
- Ratio Scale Reveals Trend
- A Time Series with a Trend
- Graph That Uses a Ratio Scale
- Mathematical Note Chain Volume Measure of Real GDP
- Time-Series Graph
- Gross Domestic Product
- Employment and Unemployment
- Why Unemployment Is a Problem
- Labour Force Survey
- Three Labour Market Indicators
- Other Definitions of Economic Inactivity and Unemployment
- Most Costly Unemployment
- Other Measures of Unemployment
- Unemployment and Full Employment
- Frictional Unemployment
- Structural Unemployment
- Cyclical Unemployment
- 'Natural' Unemployment
- Real GDP and Unemployment Over the Business Cycle
- Price Level, Inflation and Deflation
- Why Inflation and Deflation Are Problems
- Consumer Prices Index
- Reading the CPI Numbers
- Constructing the CPI
- Older Price Indexes
- Measuring the Inflation Rate
- Distinguishing High Inflation from a High Price Level
- Biased Price Indexes
- Magnitude of the Bias
- Some Consequences of Bias in the CPI
- Alternative Price Indexes
- The Alternatives Compared
- Real Variables in Macroeconomics
- Economics in the News Inflation in Lockdown
- Chapter 22 Economic Growth
- Basics of Economic Growth
- Calculating Growth Rates
- Economic Growth versus Business Cycle Expansion
- Magic of Sustained Growth
- Applying the Rule of 70
- Long-Term Growth Trends
- Long-Term Growth in the UK Economy
- Real GDP Growth in the World Economy
- How Potential GDP Grows
- What Determines Potential GDP?
- What Makes Potential GDP Grow?
- Why Labour Productivity Grows
- Preconditions for Labour Productivity Growth
- Physical Capital Growth
- Human Capital Growth
- Technological Advances
- Growth Theories, Evidence and Policies
- Classical Growth Theory
- Neoclassical Growth Theory
- New Growth Theory
- New Growth Theory versus Malthusian Theory
- Sorting Out the Theories
- Empirical Evidence on the Causes of Economic Growth
- Policies for Achieving Faster Growth
- Economics in the News UK Growth, Covid and Brexit
- Basics of Economic Growth
- Chapter 23 Finance, Saving and Investment
- Financial Institutions and Financial Markets
- Finance and Money
- Physical Capital and Financial Capital
- Capital and Investment
- Wealth and Saving
- Financial Capital Markets
- Financial Institutions
- Insolvency and Illiquidity
- Interest Rates and Asset Prices
- Funds that Finance Investment
- Real Interest Rate
- Loanable Funds Market
- Demand for Loanable Funds
- Supply of Loanable Funds
- Equilibrium in the Loanable Funds Market
- Changes in Demand and Supply
- Government in the Loanable Funds Market
- Government Budget Surplus
- Government Budget Deficit
- Economics in the News Lowering Borrowing Costs
- Financial Institutions and Financial Markets
- Chapter 24 Money, the Price Level and Inflation
- What Is Money?
- Medium of Exchange
- Unit of Account
- Store of Value
- Money in the UK Today
- Monetary Financial Institutions
- Types of Monetary Financial Institutions
- What Monetary Financial Institutions Do
- Economic Benefits Provided by Monetary Financial Institutions
- How Monetary Financial Institutions Are Regulated
- Financial Innovation
- Central Banking
- European Central Bank
- Bank of England
- Bank of England's Balance Sheet
- Bank of England's Policy Tools
- How Banks Create Money
- Creating Deposits by Making Loans
- Money Creation Process
- Money Multiplier
- Money Market
- Demand for Money
- Changes in the Demand for Money
- Supply of Money
- Quantity Theory of Money
- Economics in the News Covid Monetary Policy
- Mathematical Note Money Multiplier
- What Is Money?
- Chapter 25 International Finance
- Foreign Exchange Market
- Foreign Currencies
- Trading Currencies
- Exchange Rates
- An Exchange Rate is a Price
- Demand for One Money Is the Supply of Another Money
- Demand in the Foreign Exchange Market
- Law of Demand for Foreign Exchange
- Demand Curve for Pounds Sterling
- Supply in the Foreign Exchange Market
- Law of Supply of Foreign Exchange
- Supply Curve of Pounds Sterling
- Market Equilibrium
- Changes in the Demand for Pounds
- Changes in the Supply of Pounds
- Changes in the Exchange Rate
- Arbitrage, Speculation and Market Fundamentals
- Arbitrage
- Speculation
- Market Fundamentals
- Exchange Rate Policy
- Flexible Exchange Rate
- Fixed Exchange Rate
- Crawling Peg
- European Monetary Union
- Benefits of the Euro
- Economic Costs of the Euro
- Optimum Currency Area
- Financing International Trade
- Balance of Payments Accounts
- Borrowers and Lenders
- Global Loanable Funds Market
- Debtors and Creditors
- Is Net Borrowing a Problem?
- Current Account Balance
- Where Is the Exchange Rate?
- Economics in the News Will China's Currency Keep Rising?
- Foreign Exchange Market
- Chapter 26 Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand
- Aggregate Supply
- Quantity Supplied and Supply
- Aggregate Supply Time Frames
- Long-Run Aggregate Supply
- Short-Run Aggregate Supply
- Changes in Aggregate Supply
- Aggregate Demand
- Aggregate Demand Curve
- Changes in Aggregate Demand
- Explaining Macroeconomic Trends and Fluctuations
- Short-Run Macroeconomic Equilibrium
- Long-Run Macroeconomic Equilibrium
- Economic Growth and Inflation in the AS-AD Model
- The Business Cycle in the AS-AD Model
- Fluctuations in Aggregate Demand
- Fluctuations in Aggregate Supply
- Macroeconomic Schools of Thought
- Classical View
- Keynesian View
- Monetarist View
- The Way Ahead
- Economics in the News Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand Through Covid
- Aggregate Supply
- Chapter 27 Expenditure Multipliers
- Fixed Prices and Expenditure Plans
- Expenditure Plans
- Consumption and Saving Plans
- Marginal Propensities
- Slopes and Marginal Propensities
- Consumption and Real GDP
- Import Function
- Real GDP with a Fixed Price Level
- Aggregate Planned Expenditure
- Actual Expenditure, Planned Expenditure and Real GDP
- Equilibrium Expenditure
- Convergence to Equilibrium
- The Multiplier
- Basic Idea of the Multiplier
- Multiplier Effect
- Why Is the Multiplier Greater Than 1?
- Size of the Multiplier
- The Multiplier and the Slope of the AE Curve
- Imports and Income Taxes
- Multiplier Process
- Business Cycle Turning Points
- The Multiplier and the Price Level
- Adjusting Quantities and Prices
- Aggregate Expenditure and Aggregate Demand
- Deriving the Aggregate Demand Curve
- Changes in Aggregate Expenditure and Aggregate Demand
- Equilibrium Real GDP and the Price Level
- Economics in the News The Keynesian Model in Action
- Mathematical Note The Algebra of the Multiplier
- Fixed Prices and Expenditure Plans
- Chapter 28 The Business Cycle, Inflation and Deflation
- The Business Cycle
- Mainstream Business Cycle Theory
- Real Business Cycle Theory
- Inflation Cycles
- Demand-Pull Inflation
- Cost-Push Inflation
- Expected Inflation
- Forecasting Inflation
- Inflation and the Business Cycle
- Deflation
- What Causes Deflation?
- What Are the Consequences of Deflation?
- How Can Deflation Be Ended?
- The Phillips Curve
- Short-Run Phillips Curve
- Long-Run Phillips Curve
- Economics in the News Covid Recession and Recovery in the Eurozone
- The Business Cycle
- Chapter 29 Fiscal Policy
- Government Budgets
- Highlights of the UK Budget in 2021/22
- UK Budget in Historical Perspective
- UK and EU Budget Balances and Debt in a Global Perspective
- Supply-Side Effects of Fiscal Policy
- Full Employment and Potential GDP
- Effects of the Income Tax
- Taxes on Expenditure and the Tax Wedge
- Taxes and the Incentive to Save and Invest
- Tax Revenues and the Laffer Curve
- Supply-Side Debate
- Generational Effects of Fiscal Policy
- Generational Accounting and Present Value
- UK Welfare State and the Pensions Time Bomb
- Generational Imbalance
- International Debt
- Fiscal Stimulus
- Automatic Fiscal Policy and Cyclical and Structural Budget Balances
- Discretionary Fiscal Stimulus
- Economics in the News Fiscal Policy in the UK
- Government Budgets
- Chapter 30 Monetary Policy
- Monetary Policy Objectives and Framework
- Monetary Policy Objectives
- Remit for the Monetary Policy Committee
- Actual Inflation and the Inflation Target
- Conduct of Monetary Policy
- Monetary Policy Instruments
- Monetary Policy Decisions
- Implementing the Policy Decision
- Monetary Policy Transmission
- Quick Overview
- Interest Rate Changes
- Exchange Rate Fluctuations
- Money and Bank Loans
- Long-Term Real Interest Rate
- Expenditure Plans
- Change in Aggregate Demand, Real GDP and the Price Level
- The Bank Fights Recession
- The Bank Fights Inflation
- Loose Links and Long and Variable Lags
- Financial Crisis: Cure and Prevention
- Anatomy of the Financial Crisis
- The 2007–2008 Crisis
- Policy Actions
- Economics in the News Monetary Policy Dilemma
- Monetary Policy Objectives and Framework
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