Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title
• Copyright
• Brief Contents
• Detailed table of Contents
• Preface
• Guided tour
• Boxed material
• Flexibility chart
• Online resources
• Connect
• Acknowledgements
• About the Authors
• Part One: Introduction
  • 1 Economics and the economy
    • 1.1 How economists think about choices
    • 1.2 Economic issues
    • 1.3 Scarcity and the competing use of resources
    • 1.4 The role of the market
    • 1.5 Positive and normative
    • 1.6 Micro and macro
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 2 Tools of economic analysis
    • 2.1 Economic data
    • 2.2 Economic experiments
    • 2.3 Index numbers
    • 2.4 Nominal and real variables
    • 2.5 Measuring changes in economic variables
    • 2.6 Economic models
    • 2.7 Models and data
    • 2.8 Diagrams, lines and equations
    • 2.9 Another look at ‘other things equal’
    • 2.10 Some popular criticisms of economics and economists
    • Summary
    • Review questions
• Part Two: Positive microeconomics
  • 3 Demand, supply and the market
    • 3.1 The market
    • 3.2 Demand, supply and equilibrium
    • 3.3 Demand and supply curves
    • 3.4 Behind the demand curve
    • 3.5 Shifts in the demand curve
    • 3.6 Behind the supply curve
    • 3.7 Shifts in the supply curve
    • 3.8 Consumer and producer surplus
    • 3.9 Free markets and price controls
    • 3.10 What, how and for whom?
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 4 Elasticities of demand and supply
    • 4.1 The price responsiveness of demand
    • 4.2 Price, quantity demanded and total expenditure
    • 4.3 Further applications of the price elasticity of demand
    • 4.4 Short run and long run
    • 4.5 The cross-price elasticity of demand
    • 4.6 The effect of income on demand
    • 4.7 Inflation and demand
    • 4.8 Elasticity of supply
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 5 Consumer choice and demand decisions
    • 5.1 Demand by a single consumer
    • 5.2 Adjustment to income changes
    • 5.3 Adjustment to price changes
    • 5.4 The market demand curve
    • 5.5 Complements and substitutes
    • 5.6 Transfers in kind
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
      • A1. Consumer choice with measurable utility
      • A2. Utility functions and indifference curves
  • 6 Choice under uncertainty and behavioural economics
    • 6.1 Individual attitudes to risk
    • 6.2 Insurance and risk
    • 6.3 Uncertainty and asset returns
    • 6.4 Portfolio selection
    • 6.5 Behavioural economics
    • 6.6 Prospect theory
    • 6.7 Other behavioural biases and Nudge theory
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 7 Introducing supply decision
    • 7.1 Business organization
    • 7.2 A firm’s accounts
    • 7.3 Firms and profit maximization
    • 7.4 The firm’s supply decision
    • 7.5 Marginal cost and marginal revenue
    • 7.6 Marginal cost and marginal revenue curves
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 8 Production, costs and supply
    • 8.1 Input and output: the production function
    • 8.2 Production in the short run: diminishing marginal returns
    • 8.3 Short-run costs
    • 8.4 A firm’s output decision in the short run
    • 8.5 Production in the long run
    • 8.6 Long-run total, marginal and average costs
    • 8.7 Returns to scale
    • 8.8 The firm’s long-run output decision
    • 8.9 The relationship between short-run and long-run average costs
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
    • A1 Cost minimization in the short run
    • A2 Cost minimization in the long run
  • 9 Perfect competition and pure monopoly
    • 9.1 Perfect competition
    • 9.2 A perfectly competitive firm’s supply decision
    • 9.3 Industry supply curves
    • 9.4 Comparative statics for a competitive industry
    • 9.5 Pure monopoly: the opposite limiting case
    • 9.6 Profit-maximizing output for a monopolist
    • 9.7 Output and price under monopoly and competition
    • 9.8 Price discrimination
    • 9.9 Monopoly and technical change
    • 9.10 Natural monopoly
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 10 Market structure and imperfect competition
    • 10.1 Why market structures differ
    • 10.2 Monopolistic competition
    • 10.3 Oligopoly and interdependence
    • 10.4 Game theory and interdependent decisions
    • 10.5 Reaction functions
    • 10.6 Entry and potential competition
    • 10.7 Strategic entry deterrence
    • 10.8 Summing up
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 11 Labour market
    • 11.1 The firm’s demand for factors in the long run
    • 11.2 The firm’s demand for labour in the short run
    • 11.3 The industry demand curve for labour
    • 11.4 The supply of labour
    • 11.5 Industry labour market equilibrium
    • 11.6 Reservation wages and economic rents
    • 11.7 Do labour markets clear?
    • 11.8 Wage discrimination
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 12 Factor markets, income distribution, and inequality
    • 12.1 Physical capital
    • 12.2 Rentals, interest rates and asset prices
    • 12.3 Saving, investment and the real interest rate
    • 12.4 The demand for capital services
    • 12.5 The supply of capital services
    • 12.6 Equilibrium and adjustment in the market for capital services
    • 12.7 The price of capital assets
    • 12.8 Land and rents
    • 12.9 Income distribution
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 13 The economics of information
    • 13.1 Asymmetric information
    • 13.2 Moral hazard
    • 13.3 Adverse selection
    • 13.4 Information and the digital economy
    • 13.5 Consuming information goods
    • 13.6 Supplying information goods
    • 13.7 Two-sided markets
    • Summary
    • Review questions
• Part Three: Welfare economics
  • 14 Welfare economics
    • 14.1 Equity and efficiency
    • 14.2 Perfect competition and Pareto efficiency
    • 14.3 Distortions and the second-best
    • 14.4 Market failure
    • 14.5 Externalities
    • 14.6 Environmental issues and the economics of climate change
    • 14.7 Other missing markets: time and risk
    • 14.8 Quality, health and safety
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 15 Government spending and revenue
    • 15.1 Taxation and government spending
    • 15.2 The government in the market economy
    • 15.3 The principles of taxation
    • 15.4 Taxation and supply-side economics
    • 15.5 Local government
    • 15.6 Economic sovereignty
    • 15.7 Political economy: how governments decide
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 16 Governing the market
    • 16.1 Competition policy and market power
    • 16.2 Mergers
    • 16.3 Regulation of natural monopoly
    • 16.4 Liberalization and privatization in natural monopolies
    • 16.5 Industrial policy
    • 16.6 Government failures
    • Summary
    • Review questions
• Part Four: Macroeconomics
  • 17 Introduction to macroeconomics
    • 17.1 Macroeconomics: the big issues
    • 17.2 Some facts and economic history
    • 17.3 The circular flow
    • 17.4 National income accounting
    • 17.5 What GDP measures
    • 17.6 The economics of happiness
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 18 Supply-side economics and economic growth
    • 18.1 Supply-side economics
    • 18.2 Economic growth: preliminary remarks
    • 18.3 Growth: an overview
    • 18.4 Technical knowledge
    • 18.5 Growth and accumulation
    • 18.6 Growth through technical progress
    • 18.7 Growth in the OECD
    • 18.8 Endogenous growth
    • 18.9 The costs of growth
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 19 Output and aggregate demand
    • 19.1 Components of aggregate demand
    • 19.2 Aggregate demand
    • 19.3 Equilibrium output
    • 19.4 Planned saving equals planned investment
    • 19.5 A fall in aggregate demand
    • 19.6 The multiplier
    • 19.7 The paradox of thrift
    • 19.8 The role of confidence
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 20 Fiscal policy and foreign trade
    • 20.1 The scope of government activity
    • 20.2 Expanding the model of aggregate demand
    • 20.3 Fiscal policy and equilibrium output
    • 20.4 The government budget
    • 20.5 Measuring the fiscal stance
    • 20.6 The national debt and the deficit
    • 20.7 Foreign trade
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 21 Money, banking and financial markets
    • 21.1 Money and its functions
    • 21.2 Modern banking
    • 21.3 How banks create money
    • 21.4 The traditional theory of money supply
    • 21.5 The central bank
    • 21.6 Financial crises
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 22 Money demand, interest rates and monetary transmission
    • 22.1 The demand for money
    • 22.2 Money market equilibrium
    • 22.3 Monetary control
    • 22.4 Targets and instruments of monetary policy
    • 22.5 The transmission mechanism
    • 22.6 Quantitative easing
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 23 Monetary and fiscal policy
    • 23.1 Monetary policy
    • 23.2 The IS–MP model
    • 23.3 The IS–MP model in action
    • 23.4 Shocks to money demand
    • 23.5 The policy mix
    • 23.6 The effect of future taxes
    • 23.7 Demand management revisited
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 24 Aggregate supply, prices and adjustment to shocks
    • 24.1 Inflation and aggregate demand
    • 24.2 Aggregate supply
    • 24.3 Equilibrium inflation
    • 24.4 The labour market and wage behaviour
    • 24.5 Short-run aggregate supply
    • 24.6 The adjustment process
    • 24.7 Sluggish adjustment to shocks
    • 24.8 Trade-offs in monetary objectives
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 25 Inflation, expectations and credibility
    • 25.1 Money and inflation
    • 25.2 Inflation and interest rates
    • 25.3 Inflation, money and deficits
    • 25.4 Inflation, unemployment and output
    • 25.5 The costs of inflation
    • 25.6 Controlling inflation
    • 25.7 Monetary Policy Committees
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 26 Unemployment
    • 26.1 The labour market
    • 26.2 Analysing unemployment
    • 26.3 Explaining changes in unemployment
    • 26.4 Cyclical fluctuations in unemployment
    • 26.5 The cost of unemployment
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 27 Exchange rates and the balance of payments
    • 27.1 The foreign exchange market
    • 27.2 Exchange rate regimes
    • 27.3 The balance of payments
    • 27.4 The real exchange rate
    • 27.5 Determinants of the current account
    • 27.6 The financial account
    • 27.7 Internal and external balance
    • 27.8 The long-run equilibrium real exchange rate
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 28 Open economy macroeconomics
    • 28.1 Fixed exchange rates
    • 28.2 Macroeconomic policy under fixed exchange rates
    • 28.3 Devaluation
    • 28.4 Floating exchange rates
    • 28.5 Monetary and fiscal policy under floating exchange rates
    • Summary
    • Review questions
  • 29 Business cycles
    • 29.1 Trend and cycle: statistics or economics?
    • 29.2 Theories of the business cycle
    • 29.3 Real business cycles
    • 29.4 Supply-side effects of the financial crash
    • 29.5 An international business cycle?
    • 29.6 Summing up: schools of macroeconomic thought
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
• Part Five: The world economy
  • 30 International trade
    • 30.1 Trade patterns
    • 30.2 Comparative advantage
    • 30.3 Intra-industry trade
    • 30.4 The economics of tariffs
    • 30.5 Good and bad arguments for tariffs
    • 30.6 Other trade policies
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 31 Exchange rate regimes
    • 31.1 The gold standard
    • 31.2 An adjustable peg
    • 31.3 Floating exchange rates
    • 31.4 Speculative attacks on fixed exchange rates
    • 31.5 Antecedents of the Eurozone
    • 31.6 The economics of the euro
    • Summary
    • Review questions
    • Appendix
  • 32 Globalization, national sovereignty and the world economy
    • 32.1 A brief history of globalization
    • 32.2 Benefits and costs of globalization
    • 32.3 The nation state in the world economy
    • 32.4 The European Union
    • 32.5 Brexit
    • 32.6 From NAFTA to USMCA
    • 32.7 ASEAN
    • 32.8 China and India
    • 32.9 Representation in multilateral bodies
    • Summary
    • Review questions
• Appendix: Answers to activity and maths questions
• Glossary
• Index

UM RAFBÆKUR Á HEIMKAUP.IS

Bókahillan þín er þitt svæði og þar eru bækurnar þínar geymdar. Þú kemst í bókahilluna þína hvar og hvenær sem er í tölvu eða snjalltæki. Einfalt og þægilegt!

Rafbók til eignar
Rafbók til eignar þarf að hlaða niður á þau tæki sem þú vilt nota innan eins árs frá því bókin er keypt.

Þú kemst í bækurnar hvar sem er
Þú getur nálgast allar raf(skóla)bækurnar þínar á einu augabragði, hvar og hvenær sem er í bókahillunni þinni. Engin taska, enginn kyndill og ekkert vesen (hvað þá yfirvigt).

Auðvelt að fletta og leita
Þú getur flakkað milli síðna og kafla eins og þér hentar best og farið beint í ákveðna kafla úr efnisyfirlitinu. Í leitinni finnur þú orð, kafla eða síður í einum smelli.

Glósur og yfirstrikanir
Þú getur auðkennt textabrot með mismunandi litum og skrifað glósur að vild í rafbókina. Þú getur jafnvel séð glósur og yfirstrikanir hjá bekkjarsystkinum og kennara ef þeir leyfa það. Allt á einum stað.

Hvað viltu sjá? / Þú ræður hvernig síðan lítur út
Þú lagar síðuna að þínum þörfum. Stækkaðu eða minnkaðu myndir og texta með multi-level zoom til að sjá síðuna eins og þér hentar best í þínu námi.



Fleiri góðir kostir
- Þú getur prentað síður úr bókinni (innan þeirra marka sem útgefandinn setur)
- Möguleiki á tengingu við annað stafrænt og gagnvirkt efni, svo sem myndbönd eða spurningar úr efninu
- Auðvelt að afrita og líma efni/texta fyrir t.d. heimaverkefni eða ritgerðir
- Styður tækni sem hjálpar nemendum með sjón- eða heyrnarskerðingu