Efnisyfirlit

• Copyright
• Contents
• Figures, Tables, and Exhibits
• Special Features
• Preface
  • Medical Anthropology’s Perspectives
  • Chapter Overviews
  • Special Features of the Text
• Dedication
• The Author
• Acknowledgments
• Chapter One: APPLIED MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND HEALTH CARE
  • Culture and Health
  • Culture, Ethnomedicines, and Biomedicine
    • Ethnomedicines as Subcultures
  • Cultural Competence in the Health Professions
    • Areas of Applied Medical Anthropology
  • Concepts of Health
    • What Is Health?
  • Systems Approaches to Health
    • Biopsychosocial Model of Health
    • Cultural Systems Models
    • Sociocultural Theories of Disease
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Two: DISEASE, ILLNESS, SICKNESS, AND THE SICK ROLE
  • Experience of Maladies
  • Biomedical Assumptions About Disease
    • Biological and Cultural Aspects of Disease
    • Deviation from Normal Biological Functioning
    • Assumption of Generic Disease
    • Doctrine of Specific Etiology
    • Scientific Presumptions of Medicine
  • Social Models of Maladies and Diagnoses
    • Social Construction of Disease
    • Diagnoses as Construction
  • Illness and Sickness Accounts
    • Illness Narratives
  • The Sick Role and Sickness Career
    • Expansion of the Sick Role
    • Sequences in Sickness Experiences
    • Sickness Career
  • AIDS as Disease, Sickness, and Illness
    • AIDS as Disease
    • AIDS as Sickness
    • AIDS as Illness
    • Political and Economic Aspects of AIDS Treatment
  • Health Beliefs and Explanatory Models
    • Clinical Adaptations to Illness
    • Health Beliefs Model
    • Explanatory Model
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Three: CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN HEALTH CARE
  • Cross-Cultural Adaptations in Health Care
  • Cultural Competence
    • Levels of Cross-Cultural Competence
    • Organizational Cultural Competence
  • Anthropological Perspectives on Cross-Cultural Adaptation
  • Concepts of Culture
    • Effective Cross-Cultural Adaptations
  • Interpersonal Skills for Intercultural Relations
    • Language Barriers
    • Listening and Attending
    • Behavioral and Social Relations
    • Cultural Communication Style
  • Specialty Cross-Cultural Applications of Medical Anthropology
    • Cross-Cultural Training and Mediation
    • Researcher
    • Community Advocacy and Empowerment
    • Applications in Public Health Prevention Programs
    • Administrative and Organizational Change
    • Clinically Applied Anthropology
  • Using Culture to Care for Patients and Providers
    • Patient-Provider Relationship Building
    • Cultural Effects on Care
    • Using Culture to Care for Biomedical Practitioners
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Four: CULTURAL SYSTEMS MODELS
  • Cultural Models for Health Assessment
  • Cultural Systems Approaches to Health
  • Cultural Infrastructure, Structure, and Superstructure
  • Infrastructure
    • Diet and Nutrition
    • Sex, Conception, and Pregnancy
  • Family Influences on Health and Development
    • Gender and Health
    • Family Roles in Care and Therapy
  • Understanding Worldview and Symbolic Resources
    • Religion as an Ideological Cultural Resource
    • Curing, Healing, and Care
    • Culture Care
    • Witch-Doctor’s Legacy
  • Community Health Assessment
    • Implementing Model Standards
    • Evaluating Community Health
    • Formative Evaluation
    • Process Evaluations
    • Outcome Evaluations
  • Rapid Assessment, Response, and Evaluation (RARE)
    • RARE Sequences
    • RARE Community Teams
    • RARE Assessment Modules
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Five: ETHNOMEDICAL SYSTEMS AND HEALTH CARE SECTORS
  • Popular, Folk, and Professional Health Care Sectors
  • Popular-Sector Health Resources
    • Culture and Symptoms
    • Culture, Ethnicity, and Pain Responses
    • Cultural Conceptions of the Body
  • Folk Sectors and Ethnomedicines
    • Alternative Medicine Use in North America
    • Unconventional Medicine in the United States
    • Appeal of Alternative Medicine
    • Evaluating Biomedicine and Alternative Medicine
    • Complementary or Alternative Medicine?
    • Cultural Expropriation and Indigenous Property Rights
  • Professional Healers
    • Cultures of Biomedicine
    • Nursing, Biomedicine, and Anthropology
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Six: TRANSCULTURAL PSYCHIATRY AND INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY
  • Culture and Personality
  • Cultural Concepts of Normalcy and Abnormalcy
    • Labeling Theory of Deviance
    • Culture and Personality Disorders
  • Personality and Self in Indigenous Psychology
    • Personality and Indigenous Psychology
    • Self: Status and Roles
  • Possession in Clinical and Cross-Cultural Perspectives
    • Possession and Dissociative Disorders
    • Multiple Personality or Dissociative Identity Disorders
    • Possession as Normal Behavior
  • Biocultural Approaches to Indigenous Psychology
    • Culture’s Developmental Effects on Brain Plasticity
    • Psychocultural Adaptations to Universal Biological Features
    • Ethnic Identity
    • Psychocultural Model of Human Development
  • Ethnomedical Theories of Illness
    • Culture-Bound Syndromes
    • Biobehavioral Perspective on Ethnomedical Syndromes
  • Cross-Cultural Ethnomedical Syndromes
    • Natural Disease Causation
    • Personalistic Theories of Supernatural Causation
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Seven: MEDICAL- ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO HEALTH
  • Medical Ecology and Disease
  • Evolutionary Adaptations and Health
    • Environment in Adaptation and Natural Selection
  • Genetic, Individual, and Cultural Adaptations to the Environment
    • Natural Selection and Adaptation in Disease and Health
    • Nutrition in an Evolutionary and Cultural Perspective
    • Individual Physiological Adaptations
    • Cultural Adaptations and Health
    • Disease in Ecological Context
  • Epidemiology of Disease
    • Measuring Disease
    • Identifying Causes of Disease
    • Cultural Systems Approaches in Epidemiology
  • Racial and Ethnic Categories and Health
    • Racial Categories as Cultural Concepts
    • Skin Coloration as Ecological Adaptation
    • Rejecting the Race Concept
  • Triune Brain Structures and Functions
    • Ancient Brains and Health
  • Evolution of the Sickness-and-Healing Responses
    • Shamanism as an Evolved Healing Response
    • Foundations for Innate Healing Capacities
  • Emotions in Biocultural Perspective
    • Human Emotions: Universal or Culturally Specific?
    • Evolutionary and Physiological Perspectives
    • Constructionist Perspectives and Biocultural Correctives
    • Cultural Production of Emotions
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Eight: POLITICAL ECONOMY AND CRITICAL MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
  • Political Economy Approaches to Health
  • Critical Medical Anthropology
    • Biomedicine as Capitalist Medicine
    • The Pharmaceutical Industry and Disease Production
    • Biomedical Science as Cultural and Political Activity
  • Social Conditions as Causes of Disease and Health
    • Economic Status as a Cause of Poor Health
    • Individual Versus Social Interventions to Promote Health
  • Social Networks and Support
    • Social Networks, Social Support, and Mortality
    • Social Influences on Health
  • Macrolevel Social Effects on Clinical Health
    • Drinking Problems from a Critical Medical Anthropology Perspective
    • The “War on Drugs” Versus the Medical Marijuana Movement
  • Changing Health Through Public Policy and Community Involvement
    • Community Health Development
    • Advocacy for Health Improvement
    • Public Policy and Coalition Development
    • Coalition-Building Processes
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Nine: PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL DYNAMICS OF HEALTH
  • Cultural Healing
  • Religion, Ritual, and Symbolic Healing
    • Medicine’s Symbolic Reality
    • Biosocialization
    • Ritual as Technical Activity
    • Religion’s Effects on Health
    • Meaning as a Mechanism of Religious Healing
  • Stress Response
    • Anatomical Basis of Stress
    • General Adaptation Syndrome
  • Placebos and Placebo Effects
    • Placebos Versus Nocebos
    • History of the Placebo Effect
    • What Placebos Affect
    • Placebos and Total Drug Effects
    • Total Drug Effects in the Social Dynamics of Psychedelics
    • Cultural Effects on Drug Dependence and Addiction
    • Theories of Placebo Mechanisms
    • Information and Meaning as Placebo Mechanisms
  • Psychoneuroimmunology
    • Self
    • Body and Embodiment
    • Mimesis
    • Social Context
    • Emotional Empathy and Contagion
    • Elicitation of Psychoneuroimmunological Responses
  • Metaphoric Processes in Symbolic Healing
  • Chapter Summary
• Chapter Ten: THE SHAMANIC PARADIGM OF ETHNOMEDICINE
  • What Is Shamanism?
    • Ecstasy, Spirit World, and Community
    • Shamanism as a Cross-Cultural Phenomenon
  • The Integrative Mode of Consciousness
    • ASCs in the Integrative Mode of Consciousness
    • A Physiological Model
    • Dreams and Shamanic Consciousness
    • Functions of Shamanic ASCs
  • Neurognostic Structures
    • Animism: Spirits as Self and Other
    • Visionary Experiences and Healing
    • Shamanic Flight as a Body-Based Experience
    • Shamanic Initiatory Crisis: Death and Rebirth
  • Bases for Shamanistic Therapies
    • Physiological Basis of Shamanistic Therapies
    • Opioid Release and Emotional Healing Through Community Bonding
    • Spirit Relations and Self
  • Shamanic Roots in Contemporary Religious Experiences and Healing
    • Contemporary Religious Experiences
    • Shamanic Techniques in Contemporary Psychotherapy
    • ASC Therapy for Drug Rehabilitation
    • “Drumming Out Drugs”
  • Chapter Summary
• Glossary
• References
• Name Index
• Subject Index

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