Efnisyfirlit

• Front Matter
  • BPS Student Guides
  • Brief Contents
  • Contents
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgements
• 1 Getting Started on Critical Thinking
  • WHAT IS CRITICAL THINKING?
    • Defining critical thinking
  • PSYCHOLOGY AND CRITICAL THINKING
    • CHAPTER 1 – CRITICAL QUESTIONS
• 2 Logic and the Philosophy of Critical Thinking
  • Non sequitur
  • Slippery slope
  • Tu quoque
  • Post hoc ergo propter hoc
  • Argument from ignorance
  • Shifting the burden of proof
  • Special pleading
  • The straw person
  • False binary opposition
  • Ad hominem fallacy
  • Begging the question
  • Appeal to questionable authority
  • SOCRATIC QUESTIONING: THE ANCIENT ART OF ‘BUT WHY?’
    • Questions of clarification
    • Questions to probe assumptions
    • Questions about points of view
    • Questions about evidence
    • Questions about implications and consequences
    • Questions about the question
  • WHY PRIORITISE CRITICAL THINKING?
    • CHAPTER 2 – CRITICAL QUESTIONS
• 3 Critical Thinking in the Wider World
  • AM I BOVVERED?
  • MORE ABOUT GRICE’S MAXIMS
  • THE ARTS
    • Offence in art
    • Aesthetics in art
    • Talent in art
    • Comparative art
    • Understanding art
    • Final comments on art
  • APPLYING CRITICAL THINKING TO THE LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING
  • AMBIGUITY
  • LIBEL AND THE LAW
  • WHEN IS A REVIEW NOT A REVIEW?
    • The unqualified opinion
    • The unfair review
    • The wrong end of the stick
    • Irrelevance and axe grinding
  • OCCAM’S RAZOR
  • THE GREAT EXAMINATION DEBATE
  • UNIVERSITY LEAGUE TABLES
  • REFLECTION AND CRITICAL THINKING
    • CHAPTER 3 – CRITICAL QUESTIONS
• 4 Critical Thinking Inside Psychology
  • SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
  • CRITICAL THINKING IN STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
  • THE TEXAS SHARPSHOOTER FALLACY
  • THE GAMBLER’S FALLACY, THE CLUSTERING ILLUSION, APOPHENIA, PAREIDOLIA AND OTHER WONDERFUL THINGS
  • PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE ENEMIES OF PSYCHOLOGY
    • Jargon
    • Training
    • Secrecy and mystery
    • Stasis
    • Psychology as a protoscience
    • Three enemies of psychology
      • Astrology
      • Graphology
      • Phrenology
  • DISCOURSE ANALYSIS: A PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF CRITICAL THINKING
  • CRITICAL THINKING IN RESEARCH METHODS AND STATISTICS
    • Correlation and causation
    • Control groups
    • Blind and double-blind
    • Observation and interpretation
    • History repeating itself
    • The wrong analysis
    • ‘Bigging up’ weak results
    • Borderline findings and margins of error
    • Clinical significance versus statistical significance
    • Crime statistics
  • CRITICAL THINKING IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
    • Complementary and alternative medicine
      • Time after time I have treated patients successfully
      • A positive outcome in CAM isn’t the same as a positive outcome in a drug trial
      • CAM treats the whole person, not just a symptom
      • CAM treatments are not all the same
      • CAM approaches are not harmful, so they do not need to be ‘tested’ or ‘prove’ themselves
  • CRITICAL THINKING IN COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
  • CRITICAL THINKING IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
  • CRITICAL THINKING IN BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
    • CHAPTER 4 – CRITICAL QUESTIONS
• 5 Putting Critical Thinking to Use: Getting Good Grades
  • Sample mini-essays: compare and contrast
    • Failed essay
    • Moderate essay
    • Excellent essay
  • UNDERSTANDING FEEDBACK
    • Politeness
    • Being too descriptive
    • Academic style
      • Choice of words
    • Spelling, grammar and punctuation
      • First person versus third person
    • Answering the question
    • Lacking depth
    • Lacking structure or planning
    • Citing your sources
    • Learning for thinking
      • CHAPTER 5 – CRITICAL QUESTIONS
• 6 Getting Fit for Critical Thinking
  • FOSTERING A CRITICAL MINDSET
    • A sense of externality
    • Mindfulness
  • CRITICAL READING
  • SUMMARISING
    • CHAPTER 6 – CRITICAL QUESTIONS
• Back Matter
  • Concluding Remarks
  • Exercises in Critical Thinking
  • Checklist for Critical Thinking
    • YOUR OWN CHECKLIST
  • Glossary
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • Index

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